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R2024-046 2024-04-22RESOLUTION NO. R2024-46 A Resolution of the City Council of the City of Pearland, Texas, approving and adopting the 2024 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update. BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PEARLAND, TEXAS: Section 1. That the City Council hereby adopts the 2024 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update. PASSED, APPROVED and ADOPTED this the 22nd day of April, A.D., 2024. ________________________________ J.KEVIN COLE MAYOR ATTEST: ______________________________ FRANCES AGUILAR, TRMC, MMC CITY SECRETARY APPROVED AS TO FORM: ______________________________ DARRIN M. COKER CITY ATTORNEY DocuSign Envelope ID: F25E1A52-F3F8-41AE-893A-162395EB8E28 i • 1 • City of Pearland, Texas Hazard Mitigation Plan 2024 Update of the Approved 2019 H M P Adopted by the City Council April 22, 2024 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1. Introduction and Adoption................................................6 Introduction................................................................................6 Summary....................................................................................7 Adoption by City Council...........................................................8 Community Profile ...................................................................10 Section 2. The Planning Process.......................................................33 The Purpose of the Plan............................................................33 Changes from the Last Plan ......................................................33 The Mitigation Planning Process...............................................33 Documentation of the Planning Process ....................................39 Community Participation..........................................................40 City of Pearland's Participation in the NFIP..............................67 Section 3. Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment....................74 Introduction..............................................................................74 Changes from the Last Plan ......................................................74 Overview of Risks ....................................................................75 Drought....................................................................................91 ExtremeHeat............................................................................97 Flooding.................................................................................104 Hailstorm................................................................................129 Hurricane and Tropical Storm.................................................133 Lightning................................................................................140 Severe Thunderstorm- High Wind..........................................144 Tornadoes...............................................................................150 Wildfire..................................................................................157 Winter Storm(including Extreme Cold)..................................163 Community Assets..................................................................168 AnalyzeRisk ..........................................................................174 Summarize Vulnerability........................................................174 Section 4. Mitigation Strategy........................................................175 Update from Last Plan............................................................175 Mitigation Strategy.................................................................175 City of Pearland, Texas: Hazard Mitigation Plan Update i Mitigation Goal ......................................................................176 Status of Actions from the Current Mitigation Plan.................176 Identification of New Actions.................................................189 Section 5. Plan Maintenance Process .............................................232 Introduction............................................................................232 Update from Last Plan............................................................232 Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan........................232 Integration into Existing Plans, Procedures and Programs.......234 Continued Public Involvement................................................236 APPENDICES.................................................................................237 APPENDIX A—Minutes from the MPC Meetings .................238 APPENDIX B —Example Stakeholder Letter..........................254 APPENDIX C—Stakeholder Presentations.............................256 APPENDIX D—Public Notice of Public Meetings .................264 APPENDIX E -Pearland in Motion Flood and Drainage Issues and CRS and Flood Outreach.........................................267 APPENDIX F - Survey Results...............................................268 APPENDIX G—CDC Data by Pearland Census Tract by SVI Theme...........................................................................285 APPENDIX H—2023 Official Brazoria County Disaster Guide ......................................................................................287 Table List Name of Table Table Letter Breakdown of Pearland Square Miles By Percentage and Development A US Census 2022 Estimate—Pearland, Texas B Breakdown of Parcels for Pearland C Value of Owner-Occupied Housing in Pearland D Fort Bend Labor Force Data, 2023 E Pearland Region Labor Force Data, 2023 F Pearland Lifeline: Safety and Security G Pearland Lifeline: Food, Water, and Shelter H Pearland Lifeline: Health and Medical I Pearland Lifeline: Energy J Pearland Lifeline: Communications K Pearland Lifeline: Transportation L City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 11 Pearland 2023 Mitigation Planning Committee (MPC M City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Schedule N Stakeholders for the City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2023 O City of Pearland Administrative/Technical Capabilities in support of P Mitigation efforts Pearland's Funding Resources for Mitigation Q Pearland Regulatory and Planning Mechanisms R Building Permits and Development Permits (2018- 2023) S 2019 Hazards and 2023 Hazards T Buildings/Infrastructure U Omission of Hazards V Brazoria County Injuries, Deaths, and Damages from Natural Hazards W Source: NOAA/NCEI Classifications and Definitions for Hazards X Hazard Summary(City of Pearland MPC 2023) Y Natural Hazard Events and Declared Major Disasters in Brazoria County ZZ Sources: FEMA,NCEI database) USDA Drought Disaster Declaration for Brazoria County, 2018-2022 AA Drought Events in Brazoria County, 2018 - 2023 AB Extreme Heat Events in Brazoria County, 1950 —2023 AC Pearland Population Breakdown AD Flood Events in the City of Pearland 1996—2022 AE Flood Water Elevation and Frequency- Clear Creek Gage at Country Club AF Dr Historical Storm Water Elevation for the Clear Creek Gage at Country Club AG Dr Residential Units within the City of Pearland(2021 Census Data) AH Commercial and Public Units within the City of Pearland (BCAD and City AI of Pearland RL Statistics for the City of Pearland (Source: FEMA, 2022) AJ Projected 100- ear Flood Risk in Pearland to Repetitive Loss Properties AK SRL Statistics for the City of Pearland AL Projected 100- ear Flood Risk in Pearland to Severe Repetitive Loss Areas AM Pearland Public Buildings AN Name and Address of Schools AO Flood-Prone Roads and Intersections in Pearland with Flood Markings AP Hail Events in the City of Pearland 1950-2003 AQ TORRO Hailstorm Intensity Scale AR Hurricanes and Tropical Storms the City of Pearland 1950 - 2023 AS Classification of Tropical Cyclones AT Safflr/Simpson Hurricane Scale AU Lightning, the City of Pearland 1950 - 2023 AV Severe Thunderstorm High Wind Events within the City of Pearland 1950 - AW 2022 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 111 Beaufort Wind Scale AX Tornadoes within the City of Pearland 1950 - 2022 AY The Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale AZ Pearland WUI Population and Acres BA Winter Storms and Ice Storms within Chambers County 1996 - 2022 BB Pearland Facilities BC Hazard Ranking BD Status of Actions from 2019 Plan BE Ranking of hazards to Determine Priority Level BF Mitigation Actions BG Maintenance Schedule BH Figure List Name of Figure Figure Letter- Number City of Pearland Strategic Priorities I-1 City of Pearland Location within the State of Texas I-2 City of Pearland Location in Brazoria County, with a small portion of the I-3 City in Harris County and Fort Bend County City of Pearland and County Lines I-4 City of Pearland Annexation Map I-5 Average High and Low Temperature at Pearland Regional Airport I-6 Pearland Population Density by Block Group I-7 Pearland Estimated Future Population of City and ETJ I-8 Undeveloped Properties In Pearland I-9 2022 US Census Estimates for Pearland, Texas I-10 City of Pearland FY23 Adopted Budget(p.19) I-11 Jobs by Industry (Workforce Strategy Action Plan, 2022-2025,p. 63) I-12 Overall Level of Vulnerability for Pearland Census Tracts I-13 SVI Results for Census Tract 480369960303 1-14 SVI Results for Census Tract 48036990301 I-15 Brazoria County, Texas (Pearland in Circle) I-16 Detailed Poverty Breakdown by Census Tract 48039660301 I-17 Detailed Poverty Breakdown by Census Tract 48039660302 I-18 Map of Hazard Mitigation Critical Facilities in Pearland, 2023 I-19 Map of the School Districts I-20 Steps to Prepare a Plan Update PL-1 Examples of Public Outreach PL-2 Organization Chart for the City of Pearland PL-3 Categories for Capabilities Assessment PL-4 Rain Gauge Locations in the Pearland Area PL-5 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update iv City of Pearland Flood Inundation Map at an incremental Elevation(Gauge PL-6 175 FWS Rain fall for entire HCFCD area in the last year (8-2022-8-2023) PL-7 Rainfall for a specific gage for one month PL-8 Rainfall for the City of Pearland in a 24-hour period PL-9 Ordinance Information Example from Pearland's Website PL-10 Total Number of Building Inspections, 2017-2021 (City of Pearland PL-11 Permit Division Development and Building Information, 2017-2021 PL-12 City of Pearland Park Benefit Zone Map (adopted, 2016) PL-13 2022 Urban Forestry Operator Indicators PL-14 FEMA Concept of Risk Diagram H-1 2022 Disasters and Locations H-2 Funding Obligations by FEMA Disaster Category H-3 Drought Conditions: Five Year Period for Brazoria Count H-4 Number of Brazoria County Drought Impacts by Category H-5 Pearland Area Drought Risk on Socially Vulnerable Populations H-6 Monthly No. of Days Max Temperature =>90°, Hou. - Sug Mem. Station H-7 Monthly Highest Maximum Temperature, Hou. -Sug Memorial Station H-8 Texas Mean Temperature Analogy, Texas Climatologist Monthly Report H-9 July 10-14, 2023 Conditions—Hull Field Airport H-10 Heat Index Table H-11 Impact of Prolonged Extreme Heat Exposure H-12 FEMA Risk Index for Heave Wave—Pearland Census Track 60302 H-13 City of Pearland Effective FIRM H-14 Rain Gauges, City of Pearland H-15 Critical Facilities and Floodplain H-16 Summary of Existing and Projected Average Day Wastewater Flows H-17 Schools in Pearland in relation to Floodplain H-18 Flood Hazard Chart for Cars H-19 Historical Hurricane/Tropical Storm Tracks H-20 3-Second Gust Design Wind Speed H-21 Tornado Activity in Texas H-22 City of Pearland Wildfire Hazard Areas H-23 Map of WUI for Pearland H-24 Texas Forest Service Characteristic Fire Intensity Scale (CFIS) 2017 H-25 City of Pearland CFIS levels H-26 United States Average Annual Snowfall Map H-27 SPAI Index H-28 Map of Pearland Public Facilities H-29 Pearland ISD Map of Facilities H-30 Description of Evaluation Criteria for Mitigation Prioritization MS-1 Strategic Planning Snapshot of Pearland Plans M-1 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update v ZINL 1W Section 1. Introduction and Adoption Introduction THIS PLAN IS AN UPDATE Over twenty years ago, Congress recognized the need to support a new kind of planning that would help local communities understand and reduce their vulnerability to natural hazards by preparing a local hazard mitigation plan. Congress passed the Disaster Mitigation Act(DMA) of 2000 which amended the Robert T. Stafford Disaster and Emergency Act (Staffard Act). The Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) provides the regulatory requirements outlined in the DMA. 44 CFR § 201.6(d)(3) stipulates that a local jurisdiction must review and revise its plan to reflect changes in development, progress in local mitigation efforts, and changes in priorities, and resubmit it for approval within 5 years in order to continue to be eligible for mitigation project grant funding. The City of Pearland completed its original Hazard Mitigation Plan in 2004 and updated that plan in 2010 which was approved by FEMA in 2012 and adopted by Council in 2012. In 2018 the plan was again updated and approved by FEMA in 2019 and adopted by Council in 2019. This Plan is a single jurisdiction Plan representing the City of Pearland, Texas. An important step in the lengthy process of improving resistance to hazards is the development of a hazard mitigation plan. The Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update was prepared in accordance with the guidelines provided by FEMA and the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM). The original HMP was prepared in 2004 for several purposes. It set the stage for long-term disaster resistance through identification of actions that will, over time, reduce the exposure of people and property to hazards. Completion of the original Plan, and adoption by the City Council, was a significant step toward identifying potential hazards that threaten the City, assessing risk, and implementing mitigation actions that will reduce property damages, injuries, and loss of life from hazards. Approval of the original Plan and each subsequent update reviewed and approved by TDEM and FEMA also establish eligibility for certain mitigation grant funds. This HMP update continues the City's efforts to build a safe and resilient community and to be eligible for FEMA mitigation grants. Each iteration of the City of Pearland's update, following FEMA's updated guidance and training, is more inclusive with actionable strategies, striving to integrate elements of mitigation planning with other plans in the community. In April 2022, FEMA released a Local Mitigation Planning Guide, FEMA's official policy on, and interpretation of, local hazard mitigation planning requirements. In May 2023, FEMA released the Local Mitigation Planning handbook to guide local governments as they update a hazard mitigation plan. The handbook emphasizes the shift to community resilience with a whole community approach that ensures vulnerable populations are represented. Community Resilience is a community's ability to prepare for anticipated hazards, adapt to changing conditions, and withstand and recover rapidly from disruptions. Activities such as disaster preparedness (which includes prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery) and reducing community stressors (the underlying social, City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 6 -JelhL 1W economic and environmental conditions that can weaken a community) are key steps to resilience. The intent of the current updated plan, while incorporating much of the past plans relevant data is to: • Include any newly identified hazards or remove hazards that are no longer deemed a hazard • Update the hazard/risk data with increased attention to community resiliency to changing conditions • Update development data • Review, update or revise as necessary the goals and actions from the last Plan • Update the demographic information based on current information • Improve outreach to the whole Pearland community and stakeholders during the planning process • Review and update plans or reports for inclusion in this update of the Plan Summary There are five sections of this Plan all with the focus on the last five years 2019-2023 — the Introduction and Community Profile, the Planning Process, the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment, the Mitigation Strategy, and the Plan Maintenance section. Each section provides updates in the last five years to the natural hazards that threaten the City, the people and property exposed to those hazards, the planning process, how hazards are recognized in the City's normal processes and functions, and priority mitigation action items. As in past years, when considering the magnitude of past events, the number of people and properties affected, and the severity of damage, flood hazards clearly are the most significant natural hazard to threaten Pearland. The City evaluates the city's drainage infrastructure needs through the Master Drainage Plan update as well as flood damage assessment after a major flooding event such as Hurricane Harvey. Hurricane Harvey Drainage Assessment Report played a significant role in identifying areas with flooding problem and developing Drainage Capital Improvement Projects. The original Plan acknowledged that many buildings in the City were built before a nationwide effort was undertaken to map floodplains across the United States or the widespread availability of Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs). Current building regulations require mitigation measures against the threat of flooding that are much stricter than previous standards, if any. It is therefore reasonable to expect older properties are at a higher risk to flood damage than newer properties. Recognizing older buildings will most likely continue to be more susceptible to flooding than new construction remains unchanged for this Plan update. With the tremendous growth in both residential and commercial population, the City must carefully balance development and impact in hazard prone areas. Notable changes to this plan from the last iteration are as follows: • The goals were further refined to align with the City's strategic priorities, see Figure I-1 hazards. • After the review of the hazards,the City determined that it would focus on natural hazards. Also, after further analysis of the natural hazards since the last iteration, the hazard subsidence was removed. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 7 liip • Recognizing the importance of external stakeholder and public review and understanding of the hazard mitigation plan,the City extended additional outreach to these two important groups to solicit their views and expertise. • The outreach also targeted socially vulnerable populations to provide awareness of the importance of mitigation planning, hazards the City faces, and mitigation actions included in the plan,providing the whole community an opportunity for review and comment on the draft plan. • The City reviewed climate adaptation perspectives as part of the hazard risk assessments and actions. Figure I-1 City of Pearland Strategic Priorities (City Council Approved, February 2023) COMMUNITYCITY OF PEARLAND THE OF • STRATEGIC PRIORITIES A 1. TRUSTED GOVERNMENT 2.STRONG ECONOMY Delivering transparent,high quality, Developing and investing in an and accessible city services by attractive community that allows developing cutting-edge solutions, talent,entrepreneurs,and businesses engaging with the community,and to thrive for generations to come by continuously improving our capabilities supporting stable,steady growth, and unending opportunities 3.SAFE COMMUNITY 4.SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE ® Making Pearland a welcoming place Building quality of life on dwell-planned and by ensuring a safe environment and maintained foundation of essential water, providing efficient Public Safety services transportation,flooding infrastructure, for residents,businesses,and visitors appealing amenities,and long-term value. S.RESILIENT FINANCES IV 6.WHOLE COMMUNITY Providing long-term community value Fostering a diverse and unified community through trusted stewardship and with events,amenities.and public and responsible financial management private spaces that bring people together CITY -Trust -,Integrity -Ownership Adoption by City Council The City of Pearland staff advised the City Council of its intent to update the hazard mitigation plan. It will refrain from presenting the updated plan for adoption by Council until after it has been submitted for review and approval by the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Once the City receives notice from FEMA that this Plan is Approved Pending Adoption (APA), which indicates there are no more changes required by FEMA to the Plan, it will be recommended to Council to formally adopt the Plan. The Council's formal resolution will be included in the plan. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 8 -ZINL 1w COUNCIL RESOLUTION DocuSign Envelope Id:F25E,1A52-F3F&41AE-M3A-162395EBSE28 RESOLUTION NO_ R2024-46 A Resolution of the City Counoil of the City of Pearland, Texas, approving and adopting the 2024 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update. BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PEARLAND,TEXAS: Section 1. That the City Council hereby adopts the 2024 Lazard Mitigation flan Update. PASSED, APPROVED and ADOPTED this the 22n'day of April, A.D., 2024. F0�uSlgnedtW. . �t OL (- J. KEVNICOLE MAYOR ATTEST: onewsip�a�1r I= sLUILAR, TRMC, MMO CITY SECRETARY APPROVED AS TO FORM: CITY C:: N=Y City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 9 -ZINL 1W Community Profile Planning Area The City of Pearland is located in Southeast Texas, approximately 20 miles south from downtown Houston, see Figure I-2 for its location within the State. Much of the City is located within Brazoria County although a small portion of the City resides in both Fort Bend and Harris County, see Figure I-3. The City of Pearland was incorporated in 1959. It covers 49 Square miles within the City Limits and an additional 20.00 square miles of Extra Territorial Jurisdiction, see figure I-3. Beltway 8, Houston's second loop, runs along Pearland's northern boundary. In addition, State Highway 288 transits western Pearland,north and south. Ground surface elevations across the City vary from 31 feet to 65 feet above mean sea level. However, only minimally perceptible gradient changes are found along major drainage ways. Soils are mostly in the Lake Charles clay and Bernard clay loam complexes. Typical of the region,the dark gray soils are poorly drained,limiting private septic systems and increasing storm water runoff. Figure I-2 —City of Pearland Location within the State of Texas k CITY OF PEARLAND _ City Lmft ------------------------------------------------------------------- City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 10 0 Figure I-3 —City of Pearland Location in Brazoria County, with a small portion of the City in Harris County and Fort Bend County m Harris r nt Belvieu Sealy io Brookshire Houston iv Bay-to n[i 10 Pasadena Sugar Land ® Rose Pearl East Be nard 0 Bend dy 60 5� alvl Needville - TGn1ve'ston Wharton — Galvesil On West Brazoria Columbia t Van\+:eci: Lake Jackson Bay City 6reepo•t ing Sarger Matagorda V i los i Figure I-4 —City of Pearland and County Lines Harris E AF/ s I Galveston I � a CITY OF PEARLAND L— cN unt+ FT, d .. Figure I-5 provides the effective year the annexed areas were incorporated into the City ETJ since the City was incorporated and the ordinance number. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 11 liip Figure 1-5— City of Pearland Annexation Map ----------- __-_-_ 2` a HOUSTON a w� — 1 9fi ea ------- ___-�. �X'' 1997 28s 1 A :•,? s S 20` 1960 T. 2d g{b�ti 2002 g 20059 p e� S ^ o.. 1039 �s19 X^.,,.`,� or 2950 000 Nam 1171' 1996 $ 756 �—a«.° '1d '°- '>e 70' 1.w 19663 §10 18266Imo. 1960 i `192%-792560 29 1900 76 j z9o1 2001 133 1A35 g 1 • `2006 92J �`.. 3 3 j 924 !1096 y 1x] 197 Y w O 1983 0 26'a' 2 01037 a i gay,c�.a 1l j MANVEL CITY OF PEARLAND y - _ r `.1 -" Annexation Ordinances 1 Most of Pearland(including the ETJ areas) are developed as demonstrated in Table A. Table A- Breakdown of Pearland Square Miles By Percentage and Development City Limit(%) ETJ (%) TOTAL (%) Developed 76.4 79.7 77.4 Underdeveloped 8.0 12.6 9.4 Undeveloped 15.6 7.7 13.2 TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 The City, through its Comprehensive Planning, carefully manages the areas defined as under or undeveloped. The City does not anticipate extensive land growth through future annexation. Annexations currently require landowner or voter approval, due to passage of House Bill 347 in 2019, which is expected to curtail future annexations. Since passage of House Bill 347, for example, the City of Pearland has received 4 petitions for incorporating property into City limits. Climate The climate of the region is humid subtropical with hot summers and mild winters. The area is typically sunny and mild. Using data from the Pearland Regional Airport for 2022 (Pearland Regional Airport Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature Texas, United States) - Weather Spark.com), Pearland has an average annual temperature of 69.6 degrees, see Figure I-6. Summers are long with high daytime and moderate nighttime temperatures. Normally, the winters are short and mild. The average minimum January temperature is in the low 40's and for 2022 was City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 12 liip 47 degrees. During December, January, and February the winds are generally northerly,but during the balance of the year southerly winds predominate. Generally, the heaviest precipitation occurs from thunderstorms in the spring, summer, and fall, and often is associated with tropical systems and hurricanes moving through the region. Rainfall averages between 44-52 inches per year and, although generally evenly distributed, the heaviest occurs in late spring or early fall. For 2022 the Pearland Airport recorded 44.5 total inches with an average of 3.71 per month. Figure 1-6—Average High and Low Temperature at Pearland Regional Airport cool hot coot 100°F Aug 6 100'F May 26 92'F Sep 2 90°F 86°F -.WF 90°F 80°F Feb 24 Dec 1 80'F 70°F Jan 6 69'F 76'F 69._F 70°F 63°F 71'F 70'F 60°F 60°F 50`F -�51°F 51'F"--• 50°F 40`F 46`F 40°F 30°F 30°F 20'F 20°F 10°F 10°F 0°F 0'F Jan Feb t,Jar Apr 'Jay Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec The daily average high (red line) and low(blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures. Pearland Regional Airport Climate,Weather By Month,Average Temperature(Texas,United States)- Weather Spark Population and Growth The entire State of Texas continues to have significant populationFEA V.S.and Texas:2000-2022 growth. As reported in the United States Census America Countss""Stories, "The population of Texas, the largest in land area among the Lower 48 states, increased by 470,708 in 2022, continuing a steadyuptick. From 2000 to 2022, the state gained 9,085,073 residents, more -J'-� than any other state". Texas Population Passes the 30-Million Mark in _��2022 (census.gov) The Houston Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) area grew 18%, adding more than 1.1 million new residents(increased from 6.2 million ° �� as of the 2012 estimate to 7.3 million as of the 2022 estimate). Brazoria County 2022 population estimate is 388,181 adding approximately 42,000 residents since 2015. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 13 liip Pearland remains the most populated city in Brazoria County and one of the fastest growing cities in the County. Pearland continues to grow, although the pace has slowed since the last plan update. Over five years, Pearland's population increased 12% (13,570 above the 2016 U.S. Census Estimate to 126,949 in 2022). However, over the two years immediately preceding (April 2020 to July 1, 2022), Pearland's population has increased only a 0.9% as shown in Table B. Table B - US Census 2022 Estimate—Pearland, Texas Population estimates, July 1, 2022, (V2022) 126,949 Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2022) 125,815 Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates) to July 1, 2022, (V2022) 0.9% Population, Census, April 1, 2020 125,828 The City is in the process of updating its Comprehensive Plan, however it is not scheduled to be completed until the end of 2023. Therefore, this plan will reference the current 2015 Pearland Comprehensive Plan. Note that when the City forecasted population in the 2015 Comprehensive Plan, the 2019 Annexation law was not in place. Therefore, some of the population projections may not be realized. Figure I-7, Pearland Population Density by Block Group, depicts relative population density throughout the city as well as those areas of Pearland with the greatest population density. Figure I-8, Pearland Estimated Future Population of the City and ETJ, is presented in the 2015 Comprehensive Plan. At the time, the City anticipated that the combined area within the City Limits and ETJ would reach a build-out population of just under 225,000 individuals by 2042. (Section 2,p.2.5). These projections indicate the addition of just over 80,000 more residents within current limits over the next couple of decades. Therefore, it is critical that the City ensure the existing infrastructure and systems are updated, expanded, and developed to accommodate both short-term and long-term growth. Household Income and Education The median household income for Pearland was an estimated$107,941 (Source: 2017-2021 ACS 5-Year Estimate, US Census Bureau) compared to $87,958 for Brazoria County and $67,321 for the State of Texas.Residents of the City of Pearland are highly educated with approximately 48.7% of Pearland's adult population holding a four-year degree or higher as compared to the national average of 33.7% (ACS 2017-2021). Pearland residents are also more likely to have completed high school and gone on to post- secondary education. Over 79.7% of Pearland residents have some college, compared to the national average of 62.4% and over 95.1% of Pearland residents have obtained at least a high school diploma or GED. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 14 liip Figure I-7 Pearland Population Density by Block Group Iag l i 1 a C 1I,N o,I I ICI- I I,1._\11) a t i I i = Er,m Figure I-8 Pearland Estimated Future Population of City and ETJ soueCe;City of Pearland Planning Department(2014 estimate,projections through 2030), Water Master Plan(2aQ Build-out projection) 2 5,OtJ0 Clty+ ET1 Build-nut Po ulat!on (-225,000 in 2- 42) 200,000 City Suild-0-ut- lation -1.90 000 to 2$425-301 1 50,C)O V i 125,000 � r 100,000 75,000 50,000 - ------- 2 5,000 0 20 2025 2030 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 15 _Z41L 1W It is also important to understand which portions of the city have been developed and built out as well as which areas remain undeveloped to assess where potential growth may occur in the future. Figure 1-9 is a map of the undeveloped properties with the City limits (in green). Figure I-9 Undeveloped Properties In Pearland E aa.a a w :,,..�a as��a,,,., - _ °. r J t � x r r, _ `S+ FRI r T - r ram- ,o - r CITY OF PEARIANU Unde7� 1'rp«d PI,P. l;r•,„ill-,Cit% l.n I, Development Status Frequency Acreage Undeveloped 481 4815.915532 Table C shows the number of residential,non-residential, and City-owned parcels of land, distinguished between vacant and improved as of 2023. These 2023 estimates were calculated by the Brazoria County Appraisal District(BCAD). Table C - Breakdown of Parcels for Pearland City Residential Non-Residential Owned Total Vacant Parcels 1,785 413 440 2,198 Improved Parcels 31,305 1,383 32 32,688 Total 33,090 1,796 472 34,886 Housing units also demonstrate growth. The US Census 2021 estimates the total housing units for Pearland is 43,012, a 15% increase from 2016 (2016 US Census estimate of 37,353). The overall trend is clear, Pearland's population has increased and will continue to increase. The recent and continued population increase will consequently increase demand for housing. As reported on the Pearland Economic Development Corporation (PEDC) website, "In the past ten years, more than 10,000 new single-family homes and 3,000 multi-family units have been constructed in the City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 16 liip community." (Housing—Pearland EDC) In addition to units, the value of homes also has increased. The median owner-occupied housing value saw a significant 40% increase from the 2012-2016 values as Table D shows. Table D -Value of Owner-Occupied Housing in Pearland 2012-2016 2017-2021 % Increase $194,200.00 $271,600.00 40% Clearly this growth has increased the amount of people and property at risk from natural hazards. The City of Pearland strictly enforces its floodplain ordinance, with a one-foot freeboard requirement above base flood elevation or at or above the 500-year flood elevation and requires all new construction to be designed and constructed to withstand 110 mile per hour wind loads (3-second gusts), which significantly reduces the potential vulnerability of new development to hazards that have had the highest historical impact on property. The Whole Pearland Community Pearland is a vibrant and diverse community. The PEDC stated that, "Of more than 300 cities nationally with at least 100,000 people as of 2017, Pearland is one of just 17 where Asian, Black, Hispanic and White non-Hispanic residents make up at least 10 percent of the total population" (Demographics — Pearland EDC), as further evidenced in US Census Estimate 2022 Figure I-10 below. Figure I-10- 2022 US Census Estimates for Pearland, Texas .age and Sex 0 Persons under 5 vears,percent it 8.1% Persons under 18 vears.percent 6 28.9% Persons 65 vears and over,percent 0 10.9% ®Female persons,percent 0 51.1% Race and Hispanic Origin 0111ite alone,percent ®55.1% ()Black orAfiicanAmencan alone,percent (ai it 19.5% American Indian and Alaska Native alone,percent (a) 6 0.6% Asian alone,percent (aj 8 14.6% 0 Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone,percent (a) 0 0.0% 8 Two or%,lore Races,percent 8 7.4% ()Hispanic or Latino,percent (b? ®24.6% 811'hite alone,not Hispanic or Latino,percent 8 38.9% Population Characteristics 6 Veterans,2017 2021 4,763 Fsreim bom nersan,.percent.201--202_1 16.7% City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 17 0 The PEDC also provided data from the 2021 American Community Survey 5-year estimate on median age, education attainment, and median income. The City has used that data as part of its annual budget presentation, as shown in Figure I-11. Figure I-I I City of Pearland FY23 Adopted Budget (p.19) MEDIAN AGE (Data used from 2020 Census and 2021 ACS) According to the 2021 American Community Survey 5-year estimates,Pearland has a median age of 35.3 — significantly younger than the United States(38.4)as a whole. City Demographics EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT POPULATION Pearland has educational attainment AGE DISTRIBUTION levels well above the national average. According to the 2021 . . American Community Survey 5-year 35 estimates, 48.7%of Pearland's adult 3°s population holds a four-year degree Percentage of 20 or higher. Compare that to the Population is to national average of33.7%. s 0 0-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ Pearland residents are also more Ages MEDIAN HOME VALUE likely to have finished high school HOMEOWNERS 0 and gone on to post-secondary education. 79.7% of Pearland •% are Homeowners A MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME residents have some college, EDUCATION ' Q compared to the national average of Bachelor's Degree 62.4%. 1E�rlf 47% or Higher UNEMPLOYMENT RATE And 95.1% of Pearland residents INCOME Of Househ Cs, have obtained at least a high school 0 67% Income Over$75,000 diploma or GED. olds Have TOP EMPLOYERS WORKFORCE MEDIAN INCOME According to the 2021 American PEARLANDISD MERIT MEDICAL Community Survey 5-year CITY OF PEARLAND HCA HEALTHCARE MANUFACTURING % estimates,Pearland's median income ALVIN ISO MEMORIAL HERMAN E. is $107,941 — making it one of the SOCIALEDUCATION highest income communities in the Houston region and over 56%higher than the national average. aw.+.�+..n.�d re>i..,d c��K o.ri c«�r,u� Commuting Patterns While addressing potential hazards, it is important to note that much of the workforce in Pearland is mobile, working in the Houston/Galveston metropolitan areas vice in Pearland. A PEDC report, Workforce Strategy Action Plan, 2022-2025, presents commuting patterns in the Pearland region. The report demonstrates that the region's workers commute out of the area more than commute into the area(p. 59)with the following illustration: City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 18 -ZINL 1W 3,385 live and work in the region 23,540 workers 38,942 workers commute in � commute out �ll�t Net loss of 15,402 workers -------------- The 2017-2021 American Community Survey Census Estimate indicates that most County residents commute more than 30 minutes, suggesting they work outside of the County (82.9%). Therefore,there are approximately 17.1%of residents that both live and work in Brazoria County. The exact percentage is not reported for Pearland. However, with an estimated labor force of 69,123 (increased from 57,462 in 2016) and the total number of residents who commute out totaling 38,942 based on the PEDC report, the percentage of the workforce that commutes outside of the area is approximately 78%. Labor Force Since 2016, Pearland's estimated labor force has grown from just over 57,462 to 69,123 in 2023. Table F below is from the PEDC Workforce Strategy Action Plan, 2022-2025. Fort Bend is not included in the Table F below, however since a small portion of Pearland resides in Fort Bend County, the labor force information is as follows in Table E: Table E - Fort Bend Labor Force Data, 2023 LAUS - Texas LMI Area Labor Force Employment Unemployment Unemployment Rate Fort Bend County 413,785 431,294 18,139 4.2% Table F - Pearland Region Labor Force Data, 2023 (Workforce tegy Action Plan, 2022-2025) Area Labor Force Employment Unemployment Unemployment Rate Pearland 69,123 66,206 2,917 4.2% Brazoria County 189,887 181,130 8,757 4.6% Harris County 2,413,106 2,304,795 108,311 4.5% Houston MSA 3,619,008 3,458,011 160,997 4.4% Texas 15,118,353 14,485,853 632,500 4.2% Source: Texas Workforce Commission Local Area Unemployment Statistics Report-March 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 19 -ZINL 1W Major Employers The Pearland Chamber of Commerce indicates there are 10,137 businesses located in Pearland. The Pearland Economic Development Corporation Workforce Strategy Action Plan, 2022-2025 shows the total number of jobs by industry in the Pearland region as indicated in Figure I-12 from the North American Industry Classification System (NAILS). I-12 Jobs by Industry (Workforce Strategy Action Plan, 2022-2025,p. 63) Health Care and Social Assistance Government Retail Trade Ma nufacturing Accommodation and FGW 5errices Transportation and warehousing Construrtia n Administrative and Sup part and Waste Management.-� wholesale Trade Profession I,Scientific,and Technical Services i Other Services lexcept Public AdministratronM Rea I Estate and Rental and Leasing Finance and Insurance Arts, Entertainment,and Recreation Mining,CLuarrying,and oil and was Extraction Educational Services Information i Management of Companies and Enterprises Agriculture, Forestry,Fishing and Hunting utilities Unclassified Industry 0 5,001) 10;004 15.000 20,0DQ 25,000 30,DGO 35,000 ■2o15 Jobs 2020 Jobs ■2025 Jobs Source: E rns i 2021.2 The report drills down further to see the best earnings by industry as quoted below. Social Vulnerability While age and income have been traditional indicators of vulnerable populations, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) is a recent tool used to identify socially vulnerable populations. The CDC defines socially vulnerable populations using factors such as poverty, lack of access to transportation, and crowded housing. The degree to which a community City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 20 liip exhibits certain social conditions, including high poverty, low percentage of vehicle access, or crowded households,may affect that community's ability to prevent human suffering and financial loss in the event of disaster. These factors describe a community's social vulnerability. The SVI uses U.S. Census data to determine the social vulnerability of every census tract. There are 39 census tracks associated with Pearland. mencan Community Survey(ACS).2015-2020(5-year)data for the following estimates: The SVI ranks each tract on 16 social factors, Below 150%,Poverty including poverty, lack of vehicle access, and " i , Socioeconomic Unemployed Housing Cost Burden disability as some examples, and groups them into ..� status No High School❑iploma four related themes. Each tract receives a separate No Health Insurance 7 ranking for each of the four themes, as well as an (a aged 55&older L Aged 17&Younger overall ranking (CDC, Agency for Toxic p) Household Civilian with a DisabilitySubstances and Disease Registry 2022). Characteristics Single-Parent Households English Language Proficiency Possible scores range from 0 (lowest Hirpani<cr latinc(ofany Lacey ielack or Am—A,,riran,Not Hispanic or Latino vulnerability) to 1 (highest vulnerability). The rg Racial&Ethnic Asian,Not Hispanic ar Latlnc m Aarican Indian or Alaska Native,Not Hlspawc or Ladino 1—lower the percentage the less vulnerable the 1- Minority status Nat lve Hawaiian or Pacific Islander,Not Hispanic or Latino Two or Mare Rarer,Not Hispanic or Ladino population. The maps use color codes to 7 a herRarar,HotHir�it or Latina differential overall vulnerability. Yellow indicates 0 Multi-Unit Structures low (0-.3, green indicates low-medium (up to .4), Crowding Housing Type& M obi le Homes------- teal is medium high . purple h . Transportation g (•5- 7)p rp is high (•8-1) No Vehicle E� Figure 1-13 is the overall vulnerability for they �rouPquarters nrr--inn af—rall+n In—bility im—n Pearland at the Census Tract level. Appendix G presents by Pearland Census Tracts, the vulnerability result by theme. The data shows that Pearland's overall social vulnerability is low as compared to other communities throughout the State. ppw� 1111111111aa— Restaurants and Other Eating Places recorded the most jobs in 2020 (16,307 jobs) and are alsc projected to add nearly 2,600 jobs by 2025. However, the earnings in the industry are lower in comparison to other NAICS industries in the table with an annual average salary of$21,300. NAICS industries with the highest average annual earnings include Petrochemical Manufacturing ($167,563); Federal Government, Civilian, Excluding Postal Service ($144,640); Scheduled Air Transportation (124,461); Offices of Physicians ($109,934); and Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction ($108,643). Of those industries, only Federal Government, Civilian, Excluding Postal Service; Offices of Physicians; and Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction are projected to grow in jobs by 2025. PEDC, Workforce Strategy Action Plan, 2022-2025 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 21 0 Figure I-13 Overall Level of Vulnerability for Pearland Census Tracts (CDC Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 2022) _, aqe Census Tract 48039GG0905. L.v Brazoria County Te}as 2020 Statevmde Overall SAW Score: i 03M mvnlc xores,ar,pe rror�00ovms: ruin,a G_y'I tol ff`pnes[,ulneedlry', _ — ge.l•ee or 0.3M n .r bw ee ; vH Level of Vulnerability liw IwN.f,n, klkawlY�, �Ho D.u' While there are 39 census tracts attributed to Pearland, the plan will use three as examples, 48039660301, 48039660302, and 4803660303. Figures I-14, and I-15 shows the two census tracts SVI. Figure I-14 SVI Results for Census Tract 480369960303 � �r 77�1ff flit � wWw. ledv nlmeda .rs r n r�•r f sq�oapg aq. 00335 � P.—I.xores range hom 011wrest Inerab'lityl to'Ih ghest vulnerabiliryl 'y n score of Qom na races a low lever swat}� `'m � ,vuln b'I h •••If.. --+ Village LU l \ _ ' Vearlan '. a tikrC k? Cle r \c. Level of Vulnerability Lew Lnw-Medium Medium-Hgh �t City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 22 -ZINL 1W Figure I-15 SVI Results for Census Tract 48036990301 Ce....Tract 48039660301, /1 erazora cou�ey.Texas zoza salewme o�emn svi xo.e. c�sa ve, „a a+ c rabi�tyl. � ..... Fr enaswooa X.ai'naa ' `1 l Level of Vulnerability lea.r.amn y Figure I-16 illustrates the overall social vulnerability in Brazoria County. Pearland is in the red circle. While difficult to see,the color coding suggests low to low/medium for Pearland compared to the rest of the County. The remaining maps show vulnerabilty by theme. Figure I-16 Brazoria County, Texas (Pearland in Circle) DC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2020 RAZORIA CG1 T''TEXAS Overall Social Vulnerability' /Y�,tn OlJrw Q `1MIh^�� • t _..-.�h"} I v YR. ° jL-dCm cr gryx.a:., 1J `` x� p A a`fir l . v M - ,veal a�alal3e 1r, City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 23 _Z41L Racial & Ethnic Minority Household Status Characteristics .o mn o,. J I i i ti Housing Transportation J Source:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 2022 US Census data also helps identify socially vulnerable populations. These populations include the elderly, children, persons with disabilities, unhoused, unemployed, mobility-challenged, and lacking access to computers and the internet as examples. The US Census shows that there are: • 2.8% of Pearland residents living under the poverty level. • 4.3% of the population under the age of 65 lives with a disability. • 10.9% of the population is 65 years and over. • 8.1% is under 5 years old. • 4% of the population does not have Internet service. • 2.2% does not have access to a computer. • 6.9% of the population does not have health insurance. • 5.3% are unemployed. While very helpful, the Census does not provide certain populations that are socially vulnerable. It does not show the homeless or food insecure as examples. The City works with many organizations to identify and support those in the Community in need of assistance. Further review by Census Tract can help provide a better picture of the type of residents suffering from poverty and a more specific location. Using the same three of the 39 census tracts attributed to City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 24 t . t "9, Pearland, (48039660301, 48039660302, and 4803660303) as an example. Figure I-17 6603.01, the poverty rates are slightly higher than other parts of Pearland - 3.2% and of that, 4.7% were people 65 or older. For Tract ending in 6603.02 as shown in Figure 1-18, the poverty rate is slightly lower- 1.2% however, of that percentage, the largest group are 18-64-year-olds at 2.2%. While not illustrated, a review of Tract ending in 6603.03, indicates that 7.2 percent of people were in poverty, with 5.7% of children under 18, 4.8% of people 65 years or older, and 8% of people 18 to 64. Figure I-17 Detailed Poverty Breakdown by Census Tract 48039660301 Poverty and Participation in Government Programs In 2017-2021,3.2 percent of people were in poverty.An estimated 0.0 percent of children under 18 were below the pove level,compared with 4.7 percent of people 65 years old and over.An estimated 4.4 percent of people 18 to 64 years wer below the poverty level. Poverty Rates in Census Tract 6603.01,Brazoria County,Texas in 2017-2021 People in poverty '.. Children under 18 years below poverty 0'0% People 66 years old 4 791 and over below poverty People 18 to 64 years Wow poverty 4.4% 0 2 4 6 Percent In 2017-2021,1.6 percent of households received SNAP(the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program).An estimated 0.0 percent of households that received SNAP had children under 18,and 100.0 percent of households that received SNAP had one or more people 60 years and over.An estimated 0.0 percent of all households receiving SNAP were families with a female householder and no spouse present.An estimated--percent of households receiving SNAP had two or more workers in the past 12 months. { Figure I-18 Detailed Poverty Breakdown by Census Tract 48039660302 Poverty and Participation in Government Programs In 2017-2021,1.2 percent of people were in poverty.An estimated 0.0 percent of children under 18 were below the poverty level,compared with 0.0 percent of people 65 years old and over.An estimated 2.2 percent of people 18 to 64 years were below the poverty level. Poverty Rates in Census Tract 6603.02,Brazoria County,Texas in 2017-2021 People In Poverty . Children under 18 years below poverty 0.0% People 65 years old and over below poverty 0.0% People 18 to 64 years below poverty 2.2% 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 Percent In 2017-2021,6.5 percent of households received SNAP(the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program).An estimated 30.3 percent of households that received SNAP had children under 18,and 100.0 percent of households that received SNAP had one or more people 60 years and over.An estimated 30.3 percent of all households receiving SNAP were families with a female householder and no spouse present.An estimated 100.0 percent of households receiving SNAP had two or more workers in the past 12 months. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 25 _Z41L 1W Pearland Community Vision There are two documents that articulate the Community Vision for Pearland—The Comprehensive Plan and the Strategic Priorities. Both will be discussed below. Comprehensive Plan Pearland The Comprehensive Plan is a policy document that assists in Mitigation anticipation of and guiding future development and service needs to promote balanced growth with a superior quality of The goal of this plan is to life. The plan guides public policy in terms of the development of infrastructure, transportation, utilities, ,-support • housing, land use, economic development, recreation, and arland's efforts to protect other related topics. Managing growth and its inevitable �Jh_ • mmunity's health, impacts is critical to the long-term sustainability of Pearland. identifyingsafety and welfare by _ asing Having a plan provides the City with the opportunity to �public awareness of natural � • address issues related to growth and service provision in a hazards, and mitigating risks proactive, coordinated manner that promotes the health, due to those hazards without safety, and general welfare of residents. creating problems. addition, • The City of Pearland updated its Comprehensive Plan in 2015. The topics addressed in the Comprehensive Plan • include Growth and Infrastructure, Mobility, Housing and inimiz_ prevent Neighborhoods, Economic Development, Parks and age to public and private • • Amenities, Land Use and Character Plan, and an ildings and infrastructure Implementation Plan. In the summer of 2021, City Council approved retaining a consultant firm to help Community educe economic losses Development update the comprehensive plan,Pearland2040, which is expected to be published late 2023. Increase cooperation and Strategic Priorities •ordination am• _ private Pearland's City Council held a Strategic Vision Retreat in entities, local agencies, February 2023 for the purpose of refreshing its strategic agencies - • federal vision for the future. While the priorities stayed the same, welcoming community strategic priority was renamed to Increase education, Whole Community. Milestones were discussed for each and awareness priority and decided upon by a small workgroup consisting whole of at least one councilmember and one staff member. These striving Pearland Community • engage milestones will guide the work of city staff and budget priorities, indicating the timing and direction for each of the rotect natural resources strategic priorities. These two plans offer broad guidance and direction for this hazard mitigation update as demonstrated in the City's Hazard Mitigation Plan Goal shown in the green box and the Mitigation Strategy set forth below. The first step of the mitigation strategy involved review of the City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 26 liip previous plan's mitigation goal,to assess whether it remains representative of the City's mitigation approach. After review, the MPC determined both the strategy and goal continue to reflect the City's mitigation guiding principles and to better align it with the strategic priorities, a slight addition to one of the bullet points was made in the goal statement. While there were no changes in community strategic priorities, the definitions were refreshed, milestones added, and the last priority was renamed from welcoming community to whole community. The plan's goals were aligned with these updates. From these strategic priorities, the following was aligned or updated to the Mitigation goals. Pearland Strategic Priorities Pearland 2023 Hazard Mitigation Plan Goals Trusted Government Increase cooperation and coordination among private entities, local agencies, state agencies Strong Economy Reduce economic losses Safe Community Minimize and prevent damage to public and private buildings and infrastructure and federal agencies Sustainable Infrastructure Protect Natural Resources Resilient Finances The goal of this plan is to support the City of Pearland's efforts to protect the community's health, safety, and welfare by identifying and increasing public awareness of natural hazards, and mitigating risks due to those hazards without creating new problems _ -.......................----------- ------------------------------- Whole Community Increase education, outreach, and awareness striving to engage the whole Pearland striving to engage the Whole Pearland Community Mitigation Strategy The City of Pearland aspires to be a resilient, disaster-resistant community that can withstand disaster and rapidly recover in the aftermath while also preserving the natural and developed environments. Pearland has developed a range of initiatives, policies,programs, and procedures to serve as a framework for its hazard mitigation strategy. Strategies include daily operations that contribute to reducing the impact of future hazards as well as specific hazard mitigation projects. In addition to its focus on evaluation and improvement of City-owned structures, the City's strategy also encourages best practices for private property owners to improve and upgrade their properties, thereby reducing their exposure to risk. The City also works with other local, county, and regional organizations toward mitigation actions that support the City's objective of mitigating risks due to natural hazards and without creating new problems. This plan update emphasizes mitigation goals and actions focusing on activities that occur prior to a natural hazard that reduce damage when disaster strikes. These actions, informed by risk assessment, include structural improvements to existing buildings and infrastructure, land use City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 27 liip decisions that will minimize damage and programs that preserve the natural resources of the City such as the Tree Protection and Preservation program. While developing new mitigation actions, the MPC carefully considered preventative activities (e.g., planning and zoning and hazard mapping), property protection (e.g., acquisitions, critical facility improvements), natural resource protection (floodplain protection), structural projects (storm sewer, roads, and buildings), emergency services (warning systems, training) and public information and awareness (outreach, education, and training). Community Critical Facilities and Critical Facilities are those facilities considered lifelines critical to the health and welfare of the population Critical facilities are those that provide and that are especially important following a hazard. essential community services and As defined for this HMP,critical facilities include emergency functions and are typically transportation defined to include police and fire potential loss facilities, and hazardous material facilities,and essential facilities stations, schools, and emergency operations centers. Critical Essential Facilities are a subset of critical facilities infrastructure can include the roads and that include those facilities that are importantto bridges that provide ingress and egress ensure a full recoveryfollowing occurrence of and allow emergency vehicles access hazard event. For the county risk assessment,this category was defined to include police, fire, EMS, to those in need and the utilities thatschools/colleges, facilities, provide water, electricity, and medical facilities. communication services to the community. Lifelines enable the continuous operation business and government functions and are essential Community lifelines are the most to human health and safety or economic security. fundamental services in the community that, when stabilized, enable all other aspects of society. The National Response Framework identifies seven lifelines as critical for maintaining public health, safety, and economic viability and include: • Safety and Security • Food, Water, Shelter • Health and Medical • Energy(Power and Fuel) • Communications • Transportation • Hazardous Materials Hazardous materials are included in the lifeline construct because hazardous materials and hazardous materials facilities present a serious risk to the communities in which they are located if these materials and facilities are destabilized. Hazardous materials are not addressed in this plan, however, because they do not constitute a natural hazard, which is the focus of this plan. The City has other plans that support that lifeline. The City of Pearland has identified 38 critical facility buildings that maintain continuity of essential community services. Additionally, there are approximately 100 wastewater and City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 28 liip stormwater lift stations and pump stations providing essential community services. There are three Independent School Districts (ISD) that maintain schools in Pearland—Pearland ISD (23 schools and 6 facility buildings), Pasadena ISD (2 schools), and Alvin ISD (7 schools). In total, there are 32 public schools located within the city. While schools are often attractive for use as public shelters, few, if any, have independent emergency power so their ability to serve as a shelter is limited. These buildings are used for various purposes including government administration, providing essential and emergency services, recreation, and cultural and performing arts. Figure I- 19 is a map of the critical facilities within the City. Figure I-20 is a map of the school districts. For community lifelines, each lifeline was reviewed. Safety and Security: Components of this lifeline category include law enforcement/security, fire services, search and rescue services, government services and community safety. Table G summarizes the total number of each facility. Table G - Pearland Lifeline: Safety and Security Police EOC Fire Stations Govt Bldgs. Schools Tornado Siren 1 Public 1 EOC 6 fire/EMS 30 Other 32 schools Safety located stations with government 6 school N/A Building within the a 7th in buildings or facility Public Safety design phase facilities buildings Building Food, Water, and Shelter: While there are various food distribution facilities in the city, there are no food production facilities. Availability of public shelter is challenging because although many faith-based organizations are willing to shelter residents, when necessary, like school facilities, few if any of their facilities have independent emergency power. Therefore, their viability for use as public shelters is limited. Additionally, Brazoria County, in which the vast majority of Pearland resides,is a coastal county. As a matter of policy, the state and the American Red Cross discourage sheltering displaced residents in coastal counties due to the hurricane threat, which prevails half of every year. Regardless, the City of Pearland is prepared to make its Recreation Center available as a shelter of last resort for displaced residents, assuming hazard conditions permit residents to shelter there safely. The following facilities are for water and wastewater: potable water, potable water wells, and wastewater systems. Table H - Pearland Lifeline: Food, Water, and Shelter Potable Water Potable Water Wastewater Wells Systems 2 10 5 Health and Medical Health and medical lifelines include medical care (e.g., hospitals, nursing homes, long-term care, and assisted living facilities) and patient movement (e.g., EMS). Table I summarizes the total number for each facility. Table I- Pearland Lifeline: Health and Medical City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 29 ZINL 1W Hospitals Long-term care (standalone ERs in Nursing Homes facilities EMS italics) 3 and 3 4 18 6 Energy(Power and Fuel): Energy(power and fuel) lifelines include power grid and fuel facilities. Due to security, information on electric power is not available. Table J summarizes the fuel lifelines. Table J- Pearland Lifeline: Energy Fuel Approximately 100 gas stations in Pearland area Communications: Communication lifelines include infrastructure, alerts/warnings/messages, 911 and dispatch, and first responder communications. Table K summarizes the total number by category. Table K- Pearland Lifeline: Communications Alert messages 911 PSAP 1 1 Transportation: Transportation lifelines include highways/roadways, mass transit, railway, aviation, and maritime. Several major highways pass through Pearland including State Highways (SH) 288, 35 and 8. Table L summarizes the total number by category. Table L- Pearland Lifeline: Transportation Airport Bus Facilities Intermodal Rail Facilities facilities 1 (regional) 0 0 1 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 30 _Z41L 1W FIGURE I-19 Map of Hazard Mitigation Critical Facilities in Pearland, 2023 ., nv. Y, ryyay FnAW __.` i �,.yT6T ,espy, (x if �* p i,ch ... �� l{ E Wy....-. ly f':' �p I� • �� IO b r 6A r III X% f�k'rn CITY OF FEARLAND '^ Critical Facilities&Flood Plain =w M ten... fir. �.•w—w..�r,`.�. d tr oar en 3."""'s'FawWTu+,Fnoc,x.y ,• i iJrr { n..x.a.w- Iat.XN Prpe �.[.msrt'w.• ,. ..W�..r...e ... ;y A list of city buildings can be found in Section 5 Mitigation Strategy. However, the City-owned infrastructure consists of the following: Water Reclamation Facilities Lift Stations Surface Water Treatment Facilities Sanitary Sewer Lines and Manholes Water Storage Facilities Ground Wells Water lines Paths and Trails Levees Bridges Roads, alleys, curbs, sidewalks Parks and Park Equipment Retaining Walls Outdoor Buildings (bathrooms/pavilions) Storm drains Channels and culverts City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 31 -ZINL 1W Figure I-20 Map of the School Districts 7r' dh .v p�4rm R, 288 �rn n. �. 35 CITY OI' PEARLAND _ 01. 5cl oc l lli trios o Changes in Development All development within the City is required to provide no impact to the community's vulnerability to natural hazards. The City also enforces higher standards within the SFHA such as fill mitigation and finished floor elevations up to the 500 year flood elevation, decreasing vulnerability as compared to minimum standards. Therefore, any changes in development either have had no impact or have lowered the City's vulnerability. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 32 ZINL 1W Section 2. The Planning Process The Purpose of the Plan Over twenty years ago, Congress recognized the need to support a new kind of planning that would help local communities understand and reduce their vulnerability to natural hazards by preparing a local hazard mitigation plan. Congress passed the Disaster Mitigation Act(DMA) of 2000 which amended the Robert T. Stafford Disaster and Emergency Act(Stafford Act). The Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) provides the regulatory requirements outlined in the DMA. 44 CFR § 201.6(d)(3) stipulates that a local jurisdiction must review and revise its plan to reflect changes in development, progress in local mitigation efforts, and changes in priorities, and resubmit it for approval within 5 years to continue to be eligible for mitigation project grant funding. The Act intended to assist communities in reducing their risk from natural hazards by identifying resources, information, and strategies for risk reduction, and through careful planning and collaboration among public agencies, stakeholders, and the public prepare and regularly update mitigation plans. To implement the DMA 2000 planning requirements, in April 2022 FEMA released a Local Mitigation Planning Guide,FEMA's official policy on,and interpretation of, local hazard mitigation planning requirements. In May 2023 FEMA released the Local Mitigation Planning handbook to guide local governments as they update a hazard mitigation plan. The handbook emphasizes the shift to community resilience and a whole community approach ensuring vulnerable populations are represented. Changes from the Last Plan Since the last iteration of the plan, the City made extensive efforts for outreach to the stakeholders and the public. The MPC requested stakeholder participation and then set a schedule for the stakeholders to learn about the process, understand how they can help through two meetings, and proactively review and comment on the draft plan. In addition to stakeholder outreach, the public outreach also increased through surveys, notification through social media platforms as well as traditional platforms(website,newspaper notification)and meetings outside of the public meetings at locations (Knapp Center) and times suitable to multiple audiences. This outreach helped increase participation and input from these groups to the plan. The Mitigation Planning Process This section includes a description of the planning process used to update the 2023 Pearland Plan, including how it was prepared,who was involved in the process, and how the public was involved. Pearland followed a well-established planning process to update its Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP). The Plan Update process followed the FEMA Local Hazard Mitigation Plan regulations set forth in 44 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 201.6 and is FEMA's official source for defining the requirements for original and updated local hazard mitigation plans. In addition, the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Handbook(May 2023) was used as a practical guide to ensure all requirements were satisfied for this update. The Local Mitigation Planning Handbook suggests organizing the updates around four steps as illustrated in Figure P-1. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 33 liip PL-1 Steps to Prepare a Plan Update (FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Handbook, May,2023 p. 2) ' i ! r 1rr a Adopt Planning =0 Risks a• r 2.Assess Mitigationr Implement Processr Strategy the Plan Resources Task 1. Determine Task 5:Review Task 7: Review the Planning Area Task 4:Conduct a Community and Adopt the and Resources Risk Assessment Capabilities Plan Task 2:Build the Task 6: Develop a Task 8: Keep the Planning Team Mitigation Plan Current Strategy Task 9:Create a Task 3:Create an Safe and Outreach Strategy Resilient Community The City reaffirmed that this update will be a single jurisdiction plan for the City of Pearland including all areas annexed. The plan would follow the same resource organization utilizing the support from three key groups: • The Mitigation Planning Committee • The Stakeholders • The Public Mitiption Plan UPdMo Mitigation Planning Committee Stakeholders Public The Mitigation Planning Committee (MPC) was reconvened. The MPC leads the review and draft of the update as well as the annual review of the plan. Members are responsible for: • Providing guidance and overseeing the planning process • Attending and participating in meetings • Establishing a timeline for completion of the plan • Assisting with the development and completion of certain planning elements, including: ➢ Reviewing and updating the hazards of concern ➢ Developing a public and stakeholder outreach program ➢ Assuring the data and information used in the plan update process is the best available ➢ Reviewing and updating the hazard mitigation strategy and goals ➢ Identification and screening of mitigation actions ➢ Reviewing plan documents prior to submission to TDEM and FEMA ➢ Ensure that the plan meets the requirements of DMA 2000 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 34 liip During the first meeting, the team identified members who are no longer working in their respective positions and additional members who needed to be included on the MPC. Table M lists the MPC Members for this plan update. Minutes were prepared for each meeting to document the process and keep the plan on task. Those minutes can be found at the end of the plan in Appendix A. Table M: Pearland 2023 Mitigation Planning Committee (MPC) MPC Title and Department Member Rajendra City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Shrestha Thomas Assistant City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Knox Sasha Stormwater Coordinator, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Buchheit Joel Grants/Special Projects Administrator/Administration, City of Pearland Hardy Peter Emergency Management Coordinator, Pearland Administration Martin Mellanee Emergency Management Planner, Pearland Administration Roberts Jacob Assistant Fire Chief, Pearland Fire Department Johnson Vance Assistant Director, Community Development Wyly Carry Director, Pearland Parks and Recreation Capers Mike Police Captain, Pearland Police Department Vance Kristen Plan Consultant, JSWA Thatcher Daniel Plan Consultant, JSWA Ward Early in the planning update process, the MPC undertook a detailed review of every section of the existing plan. The MPC identified all the subject areas where specific updates were required. For example, census figures, the numbers, and locations of City-owned buildings, impacts of recent hazard events, as some examples. The second purpose of the review was to ensure that the updated plan is fully compliant and responsive to all the FEMA requirements including understanding better the future climate change impacts and ensuring the mitigation strategy benefits all residents. The review indicated that there were changes and updates with the new FEMA guidance that would require some research, revision, and more diligent outreach. The MPC met eight times during the update process and will be briefly summarized as the minutes are attached to the plan in Appendix A. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 35 liip May 1, 2023 - The purpose of the meeting was to begin the planning process, finalize the MPC membership, identify potential stakeholders, to make certain decisions about contents of the plan, and to assign specific tasks to City staff and consultants. Most of the tasks were related to updating information and maps as well as identifying which areas (of each section) required updates. Each section of the current plan was then reviewed and analyzed to determine which areas required update. The 2019 hazards were reviewed,the goal was reintroduced, and the team discussed plans, studies and reports that were complete since 2019 for review. The team also discussed an outreach strategy. Lastly, a schedule was put in place to keep the process on schedule as shown in Table M. May 25, 2023 —The MPC reviewed the actions in the 2019 plan so a status could be provided and a decision if the action was completed, ongoing, or no longer a priority. The stakeholder list was finalized, and the capabilities assessment commenced. There was discussion on development in the last five years as well as updating the critical facilities. The outreach plan was formulated starting with a public survey and a letter inviting stakeholders to participate. July 13, 2023 —At this meeting the MPC, using the hazard profiles, prioritized the hazards. The mitigation strategy and goal were updated and finalized. The team began work on the mitigation actions, finalized the survey that would be placed on the City's website, advertised on the City's social media platforms, and placed on City TV monitors that are in all public buildings. A date for the first call with the stakeholders was determined. August 1,2023—The MPC further discussed outreach plans including setting the date for the first outreach meetings at the Knapp Center in the afternoon and a Public meeting at City Hall in the evening. The team finalized the details of the actions and then prioritized the actions. Discussion regarding the maintenance process took place and a goal for the first draft for the MPC review was set. August 31, 2023 — The MPC further refined the first draft, prepared for the next Stakeholder meeting, and worked on the second tier of outreach prior to the first public meeting. September 14, 2023 — The MPC discussed input from the stakeholders and the public to incorporate in the plan. A draft plan was sent to the stakeholders to review and provide input November 3, 2023 — Input received from the stakeholders was provided and the MPC reviewed the input and prepared the final draft for public review and input The final draft date was set, and the second public meeting and outreach meetings were set. December 11, 2023 — The MPC received comments from the 30-day public comment period. After reviewing, the team incorporated comments received in preparation to submit the final plan for TDEM to review. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 36 _Z41L 1W Table M- City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Schedule May June July August September October November December January lFebruary Project Tasks Organize resources and Create Outreach strategy Review Capabilities Conduct Risk Assessment Identify Mitigation Goals Action plan Implementation Plan Maintenance Review final draft Submit plan to State and FEMA Adopt Plan MEETINGS MPC Stakeholders W Public W W Stakeholders Stakeholders are individuals and organizations that may be affected by mitigation actions and policies and who can provide specific information on topics or provide input from a different perspective in the community including: • Local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities • Agencies that have the authority to regulate development • Neighboring communities • Representatives of businesses, academia, and other private organizations • Representatives of nonprofit organizations, including community-based organizations,that work directly with and/or provide support to underserved communities and socially vulnerable populations, among others. The MPC identified stakeholders and sent an invitation to participate in the plan update to the stakeholders on June 23, 2023, by mail and email. The Stakeholders for this update are listed in Table O. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 37 -ZINL 1w Table O: Stakeholders for the City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2023 First Last Title Organization name name Chief J.L. Spires Chief of Police Pearland Police Department Ms. Amy Buckert Chief Financial Officer Pearland Finance Department Mr. Mike Masters Manager Pearland GIS Department Mr. Joshua Lee Director Pearland Communications Department Mr. John McDonald Director Pearland Community Development Mr. Lorenzo Wingate Director of Engineering and Pearland Engineering and Public Works Public Works Mr. David Sohns Director of Utilities Pearland Engineering and Public Works Mr. Ron Fraser Assistant City Manager City of Pearland Mr. Trent Epperson City Manager City of Pearland Mr. Matt Buchanan President Pearland Economic Development Corporation Chief Jack Taylor Fire Chief Pearland Fire Department Mr. Derek Duckett Pasadena ISD Safety Director Pasadena Independent School District Mr. Chad Fontenot Director of Safety Alvin Independent School District Mr. Matt Cline Director of Maintenance and Pearland Independent School Operations District _ Mr. Ron Schmitz Director of EMS, Emergency City of Alvin Management Coordinator Mr. Larry J. Allen, Project Coordinator, Precinct 1 Harris County Flood Control P.E. District Ms. Melody Galland Director of Maintenance and Texas Department of Operations Transportation - Houston Ms. Maria Aponte Area Engineer Texas DOT - Brazoria County Area Office Mr. Carlos Zepeda Area Engineer Texas DOT—Fort Bend County Area Office Mayor Glenda Hundl Mayor Brookside Village Mr. Cleo Rodriguez City Secretary Brookside Village Mr. John Genaro Superintendent Brazoria Drainage District No. 4 Mr. Greg Babst Emergency Management Fort Bend County Coordinator City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 38 -ZINL 1W First Last Title Organization name name Mr. Charlie Davis Disaster Recovery Manager Brazoria County Office of M. Emergency Management Mr. Benzon John Mitigation Planner and Planning Harris County Supervisor Ms. Brittany Ray Resilience Planner Harris County Office of Homeland Security & Emergency Management Mr. Steven Simmons Deputy Emergency Management City of Friendswood Coordinator/Fire Marshal Mr. Dan Johnson Acting City Manager and City of Manvel Emergency Management Coordinator Mr. Jim Johnson President/CEO Pearland Chamber of Commerce Ms. Deborah Rubestello Executive Director Pearland Neighborhood Center Mr. Jonathan House Disaster Preparedness Memorial Hermann Pearland Coordinator Hospital Mr. Noel Cardenas Senior VP & Chief Executive Memorial Hermann Southeast Officer & Pearland Hospitals at Memorial Hermann Mr. Adam Lee Director, Emergency Memorial Hermann Health Management& Organizational System Resilience Stakeholder outreach was performed early on, and continually throughout the planning process. There were two formal presentations and one request for input on the first draft of the plan. The stakeholders were also invited to the public meetings. Input was received throughout the drafting process. A brief description of the three stakeholder meetings is below. August 10, 2023 — The MPC explained the importance of mitigation planning, this plan update, and how the stakeholders could help and provide input the drafting process. September 7, 2023 — The MPC summarized the first draft of the plan and solicited review and input from the stakeholders. October 20, 2023 — The MPC, after receiving initial public and stakeholder review, requested final review and comment to incorporate in the final draft to be presented for public review and comment in November. Documentation of the Planning Process It is important to document the planning process to inform the public and other readers about the overall approach to the plan update and to document who participated and how decisions were reached. To facilitate this documentation: • Minutes were maintained for the MPC meetings. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 39 liip • A letter was forwarded to the stakeholders to describe their role in the plan and planning effort and specify the means to provide that input. An example is attached to the plan update in Appendix B. Additional virtual meetings were also held with the stakeholders who were invited by email. Appendix C includes the presentations. • An online hazard mitigation public survey was developed and made accessible through the City's website. • Outreach meetings were held. • Outreach material was created and disseminated through the City's website, social media platforms, TV monitors in public buildings and use of the school's Districts Billboard. Print material was prepared for each public meeting. • Two public meetings were held. The draft plan update was posted to the City's website and was mailed to interested parties upon request. The public was informed how to provide input during a 30-day comment period. • Once comments were received, the MPC finalized the draft and submitted it to TDEM for review and FEMA approval. Community Participation Consistent with the City's standard practice of informing, engaging, and involving citizens, and to fulfill public participation requirements of the mitigation planning programs, the MPC developed an outreach plan that publicized the initiative, invited residents to review the plan update, and solicited public comment. The goal of the outreach strategy included: • Public Awareness of the importance of hazard mitigation planning • Special considerations to invite vulnerable populations to participate • Public Awareness of the City's Hazard Mitigation Plan • Public input on the Plan This strategy was implemented as follows: • A hazard mitigation plan update public survey was created to gauge: ➢ Resident's experience with hazards ➢ Resident's perception of risks from hazards ➢ Knowledge of importance of Mitigation Planning ➢ Knowledge of the City's Hazard Mitigation Plan ➢ Support of community programs that support Mitigation • The survey was available on the City's website from July 27, 2023 until August 31, 2023. • The Public was made aware of the survey through the City's social media platforms, City website, and public TV monitors and billboards. • As a result of these platforms, over 133 surveys were completed. Figure PL-2 are photos and screen shots of the advertising. Appendix F shows the results of the survey. • Results from the survey were provided to the MPC and the stakeholders. • The MPC used this information as they drafted actions and assessed risk. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 40 liip • The MPC met with various groups at locations close to them, to share information on the City's plan, and to provide resources on how to prepare for hazardous events and recover from them. City staff, for example, convened a `Business Ready' workshop in July 2023 to educate the local business community on the city's hazard mitigation plan and the importance of business continuity planning and the resources available to facilitate that process. In addition, the MPC asked the stakeholder group to share information on the importance of hazard mitigation plans and let their constituents know how they can get involved. • In an effort to reach vulnerable populations, meetings were held during the day at a senior center to give seniors and opportunity to partake in the plan update. Meetings were also held in the evening for individuals who could not attend meetings during the day. Stakeholders who worked with vulnerable populations were asked to inform constituents of the meetings and how they can help. Every effort was made to reach all members of the public through print (newspaper), public displays, social media, Notices placed on public boards, and the City's website. • PL-2 Examples of Public Outreach REACHING THE WHOLE PEARLAND COMMUNITY a • Let community know about survey • MITIGATION ' • Let community know about LAN importance of plan UPDATE IN PROGRESS • Get community involved in w+ p4an G: Monitors _ • .............. • During this Plan update process, the public was invited to attend two public meetings during the drafting of the plan update. The first meeting was held _ September 13th. Preliminary sections of the Plan update were available for - public review at this meeting. The public was invited to provide input on the document for 30 days at the second public meeting (November 9th). Outreach meetings were held at the Knapp Center prior to the public meetings. The City published public notices for both sets of meetings (First meetings—published August 30 and September 6 and second meetings published October 25 and November 1, 2023 about the meetings in The Pearland Reporter before both sets of meetings (See Appendix C, Public Notice Documents), as well as advertising again on the City's website and through social media platforms. The City encouraged the public to provide comments, City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 41 liip by email, through the website portal or by mail. Comments provided were reviewed to determine how best to incorporate into the plan. Local Capabilities Assessment and Integration The City of Pearland is governed by the Council/Manager form of government in accordance with the Home Rule Charter adopted by the voters in February 1971. The City Council is the legislative and policy-making body of the City. It consists of the Mayor and 7 members elected at-large for 3-year, staggered terms. The Mayor and Council provide community leadership, develop policies to guide the City in delivering services and achieving community goals, and encourage citizen awareness and involvement. Elected members of the City Council serve part-time as part of their commitment to serving the Pearland community. The City Manager, City Attorney, and Municipal Court Judge are appointed and serve under the direction of the Mayor and City Council. The City Manager oversees the delivery of public services and the daily operations of the City that are managed through the 20 City Departments. Figure PL-3 shows the General Organization Chart for the City. Figure PL-3 Organization Chart for the City of Pearland Staff Organization Pearland Citizens Mayor&City Council Legal Municipal Court Judge City Manager Communications Community Development Convention and Visitors Bureau Finance Human Resources Pearland Economic Development Corporation Deputy City Manager Engineering and Capital Projects Information Technology Library Parks and Recreation Public Works Assistant City Manager City Secretary Fire Municipal Court Office of Emergency Management Police I J City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 42 liip The Capability Assessment describes the tools in the City's toolbox for implementing mitigation actions to reduce disaster losses and to identify potential opportunities for establishing or enhancing specific mitigation policies, programs, or projects. These tools can be grouped into the following categories (see Figure PL-4): Figure PL-4—Categories for Capabilities Assessment REGULATORY:PLANNING& ADMINISTRATIVE&TECHNICAL: Implementationordinances, ..cies,site plan reviews,local laws,state tools that can be used for mitigationCity agency staff and their skills and statutes,plans,and programs that planning and to implement specificrelate • guiding r managing mitigation actions. growth and development. EDUCATION$ FINANCIAL: • ' Resources that a jurisdictionPrograms • methods that could be access to or is eligibleto use tofund used to implement mitigation activi- mitigation actions. ties and communicate hazard related The MPC reviewed existing City's capabilities, considering authorities, policies, programs, and resources available. The assessment of the mitigation goals, programs, and capabilities included grouping them into the four categories described in Figure PL-4. Administrative and Technical Resources The MPC was asked to determine if there is staff that supports administrative and technical capabilities of hazard mitigation planning. Table P represents the City's staffing support for mitigation. Table P- City of Pearland Administrative/Technical Capabilities in support of Mitigation efforts Administrative/Technical Yes/No Department/Position Capabilities Planner/engineer with Yes Engineering and Capital Projects Department knowledge of land Community Development Department development/land management practices Engineer/professional trained Yes Engineering and Capital Projects Department in Construction practices Community Development Department related to buildings and/or Facilities Management (for City-owned facilities) infrastructure City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 43 liip Administrative/Technical Yes/No Department/Position Capabilities Planner/Engineer/Scientist Yes Engineering and Capital Projects Department with an understanding of Community Development Department natural hazards Office of Emergency Management Parks and Recreation Department Transportation Planner Yes Engineering and Capital Projects Department Resiliency Planner Yes Office of Emergency Management Engineering and Capital Projects Department Community Development Department Personnel skilled in GIS Yes Geographic Information Systems Department Full-time Building Official Yes Community Development Department Flood lain Manager Yes Engineering and Capital Projects Department Emergency Manager Yes Office of Emergency Management Grant Writer Yes Administration Other Personnel Yes Fire Departments—Community risk reduction Public Works Departments—high water marks, weather stations, debris management, wastewater and water treatment, environmental services GIS Data Yes The GIS Department provides maps to support Hazard areas mitigation including floodplain maps, critical Critical facilities facilities, development and land use (zoning, special Building footprints use, future use, plats, ROW, thoroughfare,planned Land use developments and major corridors), high water Assessor data marker signs, commercial permits and maintains an Warning systems interactive map so the public may access Other administrative boundary maps (ESD, MUDs, ordinances, drainage district, neighborhoods), Utilities (water, sewer, hydrants, lift stations, light poles, etc.) and Drainage(contours, benchmarks, detentions and watersheds), Parks, Trails and Transportation While not mentioned in the table, each Pearland employee has an assigned emergency role in preparation of, during and in recovery after a disaster. Pearland also has an Urban Forester who helps residents select the appropriate trees for planting,to provide education about proper tree care and the benefits of trees, and to protect,preserve, and restore the urban forest canopy through code enforcement, planning and tree planting coordination and is part of the Community Development Department. In addition to reviewing staff support, the MPC reviewed administrative and communications plans and early warning capabilities. The City's Office of Emergency Management is responsible for coordinating emergency planning, preparation, and response,under the oversight of a full-time Emergency Management Coordinator. The City maintains an Emergency Operations Basic Plan (EOP) which includes 23 annexes. The City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 44 _Z41L 1W Basic Plan was updated November 7, 2022. The 23 annexes that are a part of the EOP are updated on a rotational basis every five years. In addition to the emphasis on hazard mitigation in this plan, the City prepares by participating in internal and external training and exercises several times a year. Pearland also has early warning capability. City leadership, staff and many residents rely on official (,,,�"''��` �' weather forecasts issued by the National Weather r �' $Release Service (NWS) Houston-Galveston Forecast Office (NWS HGX),located in League City,Texas. OEM and police dispatch staff have access to NWS Chat, which „ , provides access to weather watches and warnings immediately upon release and enables chat messaging e(Peollmd1rad-so....t�r•.,,,,,h ,•„rl,,, ,pwr with NWS meteorologists in the local forecast office to clarify forecast details and nuances. OEM staff also receive iNWS text alerts to their city-issued iPhones, '� which facilitates situational awareness regardless of SUP,,,V.10,,,aQ,,,�.,• ff And 7°'a" """�� M"`"° °."'�""°"°"` location or time of day. Emergency Management sta r.naanrt linen QM routinely monitor the weather forecasts and NWS �,°°y `�— ^� """°^^"""� `°^°"" HGX severe weather webinar briefings and circulate NWS warnings and advisories to alert leadership and staff of hazardous weather. Additionally, OEM staff receive warning messages from the state as well as Brazoria and surrounding counties. The City also pays News Release for a commercial weather service that sends weather C—ificitemi Department pearls dtx.gov updates and alerts to Emergency Services, including City of Pearland Enters Phase 2 of Drought Contingency Plan the Police and Fire Departments. E-Alerts/Everbridge: Ft ,l l It ,i ,cnailrn Mr -. ,.went Residents get connected through text messages Drought rI_, ��dnre°rimtnr »b , Uought Can:ngen� I�r tre' .a�t,+•.-�Sij crought restnci _-e the emails, and phone calls, as well as tailored messaging secur,tvof its-ate, 'yslern Leg-, °°g.st3�)th 2C Stage two dreug^t 2st:Coons inClude the following martla'ory rest nct10n5 for every member of the family. Everbridge is also Pronitledoitdootwateresegebeweentne,oursagooAM and 700PM used for mass communications and allows ublic ProhWatenn°dope°ndnoforndt25h man days p •Prohibited operation o1 ornamental fe,:nta ns x poncs'or aesthetic or scenic purposes •Use of water f•om fire hyc,ants is I mead to fire fighting alerting via geo-addressing with listed telephone Any water customer Who violates these restrictions is s-.,b;ect to a fine of up to$2.MD numbers and can also alert specific communities, Several ex_eohons from stage taro•estrichons have teen identified to balance the practical blocks, or the entire City. reeds of the commurity`"''`onser�b' "goals •tlewly planted landscapu+g and/or and • PLTXWEATHER/Nixie Alerts: Residents can Snorts fields hoslingleagueplay Text PLTXWEATHER to 888777 to receive l"'rese nstai es ' xrnmended that water"gbeodnd,'.ed during ove'„ght hours to minni evapofdt, dal pressure on the overall water system Acditana ryy it rs highly Pearland-area emergency weather alerts. From re are he tided to sus'r t 3 i,i ng any outdoor lantlscawng or sod until stage two restr`hons hurricanes, flash floods, tornadoes, and more, Tre arty of Pearlanc is dedicated!to responsflle vrater managemert and encourages ali residents and o,isinesses to contribute to the consen,at on efforts Ir line with these efforts.the these weather alerts keep residents informed in "', Pearlaid`'arks arc�ecreanon Department will be tern°orar'ly clod^°oodh of its nspiash pacs curi^.g stage two 6,adhering to the sage two drought restrictions.the comminity the event of threatening weather. rcofle`x"e'`o"tnb"teto maintaining asus'a"able and resl'entwa`e,sj°'I'' additional information on the Otys Drought Coibngen-Plar and the cunent ac4vatr! • Pearland Connect: The City prepares a rescen's are eneouraped to„mt the CM s� tie at cewtandh gov7crnught monthly newsletter to keep residents informed of important information and developments affecting the City and its citizens. • News releases: Residents can subscribe to receive the latest news and information released by the City. On August 10, 2023, for example, the City instituted Phase 1 of its Drought Contingency Plan due to key measurable conditions and their duration informing residents City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 45 liip of the voluntary drought restrictions. On August 29, 2023, the City followed up with public notice that it had implemented Phase 2 of its Drought Contingency Plan. Connect2Pearland: Allows residents with mobile phones to report issues, track progress of issues, view other requests in their area and when profile information is provided, allows residents to be updated by email when issues are being addressed. To assist with the City's early flood warning capabilities, Pearland installed stream gauges that were subsequently transferred to the Brazoria Drainage District 4 (BDD4) in August 2017. In 2018 BDD4, using a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the City of Pearland and an Inter-local agreement with the Harris County Flood Control District, installed 10 new rain/storm gauges throughout the District. BDD4 removed the old gauges that the City of Pearland transferred and replaced them with the newest technology to give residents real-time monitoring of local streams and bayous. There are total of 19 gauges, 11 located in Pearland and its ETJ area and 7 located near but outside of the Pearland area. A map of the location of the gauges is below, Figure PL-5. Figure PL-S—Rain Gauge Locations in the Pearland Area s nkc nw .rrc Nn ie µo _P � Diu` e.r.ry ro r c t �. J J • CITY OF PEARLAND _ l:uinl :,,l;e Locations � � ,, These link to the Harris County Flood Warning System(HCFWS), which provides the public with a user-friendly format to monitor rainfall and water levels in local bayous and major streams on a real-time basis to provide warning of dangerous weather conditions. The system relies on 188 gage (HWFCD uses spelling gage versus City uses gauge, see page 109) stations strategically placed throughout Harris, Brazoria and Fort Bend County bayous and their tributaries. The stations contain sensors that transmit observed data during times of heavy rainfall and during tropical storms and hurricanes as well as measure wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, air City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 46 liip temperature, soil moisture condition road temperature, and humidity. The warning system includes an alert feature by which interested citizens and city staff can register to receive text and e-mail alerts when rainfall at the gage location exceeds a user-specified value or when stream elevation exceeds a specified depth. both the Office of Emergency Management and the Engineering and Public Works Departments websites include links to the HC Flood Warning System (HCFWS). Additionally, the City owns six weather stations, that can be accessed by the public via a link on the Engineering and Public Works Department website. City weather stations can also be monitored on Davis WeatherLink website and its mobile application. The City of Pearland has also developed Flood Inundation Map at one-foot incremental elevation for all gauges around the City limit. The lower limit of the mapping was determined generally one foot below the channel high bank or a foot below the flood risk elevation identified in HCFWS for each station with higher limit being 500-yr water surface elevation based on the FEMA Effective Flood Insurance Study. An example of the flood inundation map is shown on Figure PL-6. Figure PL-6 City of Pearland Flood Inundation Map at an incremental Elevation (Gauge 175) �i HALL RU CITY I I' OF PEARLAND ,. SSAh1 HOUSTON t,.;;rlem,7erknr Pearland F �� S SPM HOUSTON PK Stream Gauges Layer 38'Elevation IM 39'Elevation(Flooding Likely 39.00') 40'Elevation 41'Elevation 42'Elevation 42.5'Elevation 100yr Event 43'Elevation 43.73'Elevation 500yr Event e The three figures (PL-7, PL-8, and PL9) below identify the location of all of the gages interconnected to the HCFWS. These figures describe the type of data/maps that can be derived to help the public understand rainfall over a specified timeframe and flood risk in a particular area, a City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 47 liip city or even at street-level detail. It can show inundation from street to city area and, as described previously, residents can register for alerts if flooding is likely or possible as well as water level and rainfall for one or more gage locations. This information can be found at: www.harriscountyfws.0r9. Figure PL-7 FWS Rain fall for entire HCFCD area in the last year(8-2022-8-2023) FV�/S COw OVIRDI �fSMCT v onaaa„ ., Eur v■w oonws ® ,:naoene«K• •• :,.. xa . , �, a]. —"^ Wn Iniaw wa a1v u� _1M, u.yeo� Lda•ry - w - • Bear• -psi« s�A ' awxw w sn_ «w a .�,.,.•.. '� � � J� �y�.1,s«sc<�ill, rs rA.m,d..,.«•__ - v > J 1 — aa aODREaS SEARCH �a 1� -.A « aw �•J s• + >o. as as. >s /� t.aH tae �._• RatmtPnd � a � A. ' yeta,a arnl•.. _ Pfantauan, M-.N y—�... _aomuU kaawn Figure PL-8 Rainfall for a specific gage for one month FV�✓S _ �9yw .+`e Showing rainfall for the last l M-th(befo..8/1120233.53PMCOT) G,,,a,nven: aa.n ven+o. w�a r...•o: Mnyv,i.s� MAP VIEW OPTIONS I,ate neda vwN, urlHe,n 'I 6 .+^" Channels —NA k LJ ■ Inundation MaP •.�"s' ,.,�Ks 1C° - 0 0 000 Rainfall — ■ Channel Status xare.m.a,.eH ro..wn momra.w� �,.HF Mai eer:. Current HiAPrical - RaiWIinthelaat ]Month 080 Sites by Agency• "" y° _ e° parrs CP my F—Cq I Dist. • - a e M +, 0.24 EI F.anca Lm Par4 Sne by L—W. ]5.1I5 CNar Gcek Q Peaban... • O Heset to A—e� Gera S�� nv Gr.nto� _ ADDRESS SEARCH nu s: F rro ivuv<em v - �yG,.aana.rvo - $��nPaM1Cemetery F'uk Twin C-1, xwrwu n•.y Haar] rla 5: Park ]w Gea,S®rtlr aMemonal hrl; &9` RaNhll Alamn® c,cn,.e s, aCem Hnyn s xou Pe c City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 48 ZINL 1W Figure PL-9 Rainfall for the City of Pearland in a 24-hour period ■ F, all�w — �✓S Ac VIEW OPTON5 Ch-0 — ons „ ■ R.f'jl—lion Map f c: Pamran ■ CAannel SGNs my e.rv..v gp ure ston<al „_nt H L R mall ntlre la 2 rs . —J � �Iresn W a ,- P—anG • LL `" 0.00 0.00 S..by Agency Hams County Fooa C....0zt. 0.00 000 a r' SR.Ay Lo<non Fresno 0.DO S—snag ease otigan veu • �� SI �� 000 pV ADDRESS SEARCH nwne 0 00 ow a.w^e^^^•^,,w,^a^' aoa Sienna if s Plantation " R.-IR Ai.— Sienna i� Memel rovrt✓sn�i—" vauun � �•va<D.�n.M.. H.m.<,.,n ^b,.... Dickimin_ _.. D.sclalmer ,�, «ry Financial Resources Financial Resources— The MPC was asked to provide information regarding the Financial capabilities -the financial tools available for mitigation, the results are shown resources that a jurisdiction in Table Q. has access to or is eligible to use to fund mitigation actions. Table Q - Pearland's Funding Resources for Mitigation Financial Tools Eligible Description (Yes/No) Grants Yes FEMA: Public Assistance alternative procedures may be used in the FEMA PA program to apply eligible project funding to • FEMA mitigation projects. In addition, Post disaster mitigation funding • State• CDBG can be applied to eligible repair projects. FEMA: HMGP, BRIO, and FMA CDBG: The City of Pearland is a HUD Entitlement Jurisdiction and has Community Development Block Grant(CDBG) resources that can be used to meet urgent needs in the aftermath City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 49 _Z41L 1W Financial Tools Eligible Description (Yes/No) of a disaster. Dedicated grant management employees provide oversight and coordination of these resources and seek others as available and necessary. State: The Texas State Legislature may pass mitigation funding initiatives following disasters (e.g., In 2018 the Flood Infrastructure Funds was passed after Hurricane Harvey). Capital Yes The City has a 5-year CIP program outlining debt to be issued Improvement and a payment schedule to keep capital outlay stable for current Project Funding and future years. Authority to levy Yes The City is significantly below the state-mandated maximum on taxes for specific the tax rate. purposes Fees for water, Yes Utilities are operated as Enterprise Funds with a rate structure sewer, gas, or designed to cover the expenses of running the enterprise. electric services Impact fees for Yes Impact fees assist with offsetting costs of development so that the water/wastewater full burden is not placed on the City's finances. development Incur Debt Yes The City has the ability to reach out to the public for approval of through general bonds issued for various projects to improve facilities and obligation bonds infrastructure in the City. Incur Debt Yes The City has the ability to bond against revenue sources such as through special utility fees (revenue bonds). tax bonds Incur debt Yes The City has the ability to take out loans and various forms of through private short-term financing to meet operational capital expenses. activities Withhold Yes Federal regulations prohibit the use of grant funds to make spending in improvements in the City's Special Flood Hazard Area and/or hazard-prone floodplain, except for projects that are designed to contain certain areas disaster mitigation elements in the project. The City also utilizes specific hazard impact data to determine if building code standards need to be adjusted on an emergency basis, permanently or temporarily, to increase standards to those that prevent future structural damages based on recent catastrophes. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 50 _Z41L 1W Financial Tools Eligible Description (Yes/No) Stormwater No The City does not impose a Stormwater Service Fee. This Service fees approach to financing potential hazard recovery and/or mitigation has been considered in the past but was not found to be feasible at this time. The City receives sales and property taxes to fund its operations. In addition, the City actively pursues grants through various state and federal agencies for projects and programs, including hazard mitigation. Insured City Buildings The City maintains approximately $194 million in property insurance coverage on buildings and facilities it owns, to protect the City from damage due to structural fire, wind, and lightning (hazards other than flood). Education and Outreach Education and Outreach—refers to The City of Pearland actively communicates with its education and outreach programs residents using a variety of media, each of which have and methods already in place that been used to convey information, including content about could be used to implement hazards. While multiple departments provide education mitigation activities and and awareness campaigns in support of hazard mitigation communicate hazard-related (e.g., Fire, Police, Community Development, information. Engineering & Public Works, and Communications), the Office of Emergency Management has dedicated one full time employee to support this important external outreach. A brief description of the hazard mitigation support by department is below. The Office of Emergency Management: The OEM has undertaken several initiatives to help both residents and business interests understand the risk for severe weather events that periodically threaten Pearland. Public messaging also includes preparedness planning tools available to assist both households and businesses prepare for foreseeable scenarios. OEM persistently emphasizes the importance of registering for Pearland Alerts, so residents and businesses receive timely notification of emergencies, directly from the city. The OEM website includes links to the National Weather Service Houston/Galveston Hurricane and Severe Weather Guide and Brazoria County's Disaster Guide (included as Appendix H in this plan), in both English and Spanish, as well as important damage mitigation and disaster recovery information. As noted above, OEM has dedicated a full-time staff member to public outreach and education. In addition to distributing physical copies of the disaster guides, OEM staff deliver education presentations to the community and regularly convene workshops to promote preparedness among specific audiences (e.g., business sector, healthcare sector, etc.). City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 51 -ZINL d . GUI E � ' COUNTYBRAZORLA DE HURACANES CHSASTERGUIDE, ■ SEVERO y� -ZEN I ZI EMERGENCY HURRICANE D1 SASTLR PREPAREDNESS PREPAREDNESS RECOVERY Fire Department: The Pearland Fire Department, Community Risk --- Reduction (CRR) serves the City for fire prevention and fire safety FALL PREVENTION PROGRAM as well as health and municipal code enforcement and life/safetymWy. _ �• 4Rm m„�y code enforcement. These responsibilities are fulfilled by the .. °.M . division's Fire Marshal, Code Enforcement, and Community Outreach staff. The Community Outreach Division offers classes in w. CPR and First Aid, Stop the Bleed, Fire Extinguishers use and 'Z°:-- provides child car seat inspections and installation, smoke detector _ programs and a "Fall Prevention Program", intended to protect ` older adults in the community. CRR staff also attend community ! � A F �,� events and support the community by making safety presentations, `^"° "E°"°" �F^ _upon request. Police Department: The Pearland Police Department Community Outreach program also maintains programs that can help the City's more vulnerable populations including: • Safe Return Program - The Safe Return Program is designed to collect voluntary registrations from parents/guardians/caregivers of individuals suffering from Autism, Alzheimer's, Dementia, or some other mental/intellectual disability. When seconds count in an emergency, the Safe Return Program registry allows first responders to access critical information intended to help safely reunite families of registered participants. • IMPACT — Pearland's Faith Based Initiative designed to strengthen partnerships and identify and address social issues that diminish the quality of life in communities. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 52 liip • Animal Services — Provide support to residents and their pets before, during, and after disaster. Services include a microchip registration program, public shelter support, evacuation support, and reunification of displaced domestic animals with their owners. The Communications Department: The Pearland Communications Department leads the City's efforts to gather and distribute information necessary to keep residents informed about city policies, programs, services, and neighborhoods through various outreach media including: • News Releases - News releases publicize City events, initiatives, and issues of public interest. Released are disseminated to local media to raise awareness of important issues of public interest. • Pearland TV - Original programming related to City events, news, and issues is streamed online and broadcast on the government cable station, Comcast channel 16 and AT&T U- verse channel 99, which also broadcast a rotating informational bulletin board. • Website - The City's official website provides information, applications, forms, and interactive features such as GIS maps. • Special Events - The City of Pearland sponsors or cooperates in planning various special events, including ribbon cuttings and groundbreakings, legislative functions, and community outreach. The Communications Department assists other City departments in planning special events and coordinating event promotion. • Other Services include print pieces such as brochures, signage,and official City newsletters such as Pearland Connect(a monthly electronic publication),Pearland in Motion(a printed publication distributed three times a year) and the Calendar & Annual Report. In times of crisis or disaster, the Communications Department also serves as the City's official Public Information Office, a component of its incident management team. Public information and warning are typically disseminated by a Joint Information Center (JIC), established under the oversight of the Communications Director, the City's principal public information officer. The Community Development Department has outreach and assistance programs and handbooks to assist Pearland residents that include: • Home Repair Program - This program is designed to assist eligible low-moderate income Pearland homeowners that occupy their homes, for needed minor repairs to their homes. • Development Handbook - This Handbook is a guide to help residents and commercial entities through the development process. • Unified Development Code (UDC) — A Council adopted document that consolidates all development-related regulations. • Community Development also provides a development metric quarterly reports and provides permitting information on the City's website under Community Development (https://www.pearlandtx.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/33793/63 825466249737000 0), at various forums and if requested, a development consultation with City Staff • Forestry Presentations — Urban Forestry can make presentations to community groups or organizations. Presentation topics include: ➢ City of Pearland tree regulations ➢ How to organize a neighborhood tree planting ➢ Benefits of trees ➢ Proper tree care City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 53 liip ➢ Volunteer opportunities The Parks and Recreation Department: The Natural Resources Division manages, restores, and enhances natural resources within the City to conserve native plant and animal life as well as habitat and associated ecological functions. Parks and Recreation maintains several education and awareness programs including Habitat Restoration, Parkland Flora and Fauna Management, Wildlife & Environmentally Friendly Initiatives Development, Environmentally Sensitive Areas Management, and Waterway Conservation. The Engineering and Public Works Department: The Engineering Division maintains and disseminates outreach materials to help residents better understand drainage issues, floodplain, and stormwater management. Outreach materials are available on the website, inserts in the water bill, various public city facilities as well as various events throughout the year. "' 4 vtir G tlnn �e+ r._ esatlLrip.t MfE,Mws. NO t M Sy.r.l..en Frrb,s, wkd .o.v � d6p.dinB soy W.'rw wllM swd Gytr x pap¢Ayr JYad.Grpa�ar cat aa,.ww 4r[•.aadi. .,..«... rw ...m.. ....•,m. •,.+r - �...,,...r.w•„[...i✓k,.W+:2.d. �i sn��y�{s��• or n rrauno na :.4 Floodpl•In Maps Fbo en�rel kr wl + Sap-. Mr ae.rr *Ff ' '� a- � Kemera aracnua '. yalen, � ` - 14pw Your Fbad Risk-GIS klsadiw FboHnap with Me Flood Inwkatian Mao rm - IfYtiiA.e SFun-.h mmm�o - 0.1—h flora W' _ _� FloodtAan Nobce Flood Hazard.Check Balwa Yau tfua • Flood Y 1 • l Kemp ems x .. cptnmudrp camplelnt .. Farm(Raped llepai Dumping) • (helWrtw ollM RWOkWFOO C➢IDmladY�p9 '-1 • Syatem wa•nag WIu1Ya Nand to Knnw A 1 Fkedk end '.. - - '• • - Floodpagpmed Inthe Chy_ofN wd _ P tarW'e Fkiodolaln INpmNIlIXk9Yet Me CCy of Pwrlantl are Emerg My MM�n ant .� ` Ipigrmatlgn FEPAAAW V you a safe and en=le swimming experience! _ ,," �-� .'� _ • •- t Pra{tare lw CusNel N I zpz�e,a�e c«rnn Ilhaste!Gnome City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 54 _Z41L 1W In addition to all these initiatives to engage and educate the public, the City also informs the public via: • Evergbridge mass notification software, as described previously. • Engineering department answering public inquiries related to drainage, floodplain management, including mapped floodplains and FEMA's flood insurance rate maps. • The Streets & Drainage webpage, which includes answers to typical questions posed by citizens regarding street flooding and drainage. Regulatory and Planning The MPC was given a list of potential regulatory and planning tools to determine if this City has these plans or if there is a needs assessment. Table R represents the City's regulatory and planning tools for mitigation. Table R: Pearland Regulatory and Planning Mechanisms Regulatory/Planning Yes/ Description Tool No Comprehensive Plan Yes Comprehensive Plan of the City of Pearland (2015). Texas state statute requires that cities must have a comprehensive plan specifying their overall development goals, objectives, polices and criteria for physical development and expansion to regulate the use of land (zoning) within their corporate limits. It is a flexible document that can be adapted for changing conditions that occur within the City over time. In 2015 the City completed the Comprehensive Plan Update. The updated Plan can be found on the City's website at: http:// ww.pearlandtx.gov/ departments/community- development/2015-comprehensive-plan-update. The City is currently working on Pearland 2040, the next iteration of the Comprehensive Plan. Zoning Ordinance Yes Land Use & Urban Development Ordinance No. 509-H (revised April 22, 2002). The purpose of the ordinance is to "zone the entire area of the city of Pearland into districts in accordance with a comprehensive plan for the purpose of promoting health, safety, morals and the general welfare of the eneralpublic." Subdivision Yes Reviewing and Approving Subdivisions. UDC (Ord. 2000T- Ordinance 26), dated September 25, 2017, outlines the requirements for the design, review, and approval of subdivisions within the City and the area designated as the extra-territorial jurisdiction (within 5 miles of the corporate limits). Preliminary plans (plat plans) are required to show waterways, drainage structures, and the flood elevations and boundaries of flood-prone areas (including floodways). If the proposal includes fills or other structural elevation techniques, levees, channel modifications, City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 55 _Z41L 1W Regulatory/Planning Yes/ Description Tool No or other methods to overcome flood or erosion-related hazards, they must be designed in compliance with the City's base flood elevation standards and the City's flood hazard prevention requirements. The UDC includes a strong link to the floodplain management ordinance. Each recorded plat that includes lots that are affected by the floodplain, must indicates the required lowest floor elevation. When permit applications for individual buildings are received, the building permit includes the elevation requirements. Site plan review Yes In approved subdivisions that include floodplain areas, a requirements building permit is required for construction of individual homes. The minimum elevation approved as part of the subdivision approval is verified by the building plan reviewers. Further, subdivision plats are examined for special notes, even if there is no floodplain within the subdivision. Growth Management Yes Creation of a Unified Development Code (UDC) and Ordinance Permitting Protocol In 2003-2004 the City evaluated its ordinances and processing procedures to improve coordination and to ensure that the City's goals are achieved. On February 27, 2006, the UDC was adopted by the City Council. The UDC replaces the previous Land Use and Urban Development Ordinance, Subdivision Ordinance, and Tree Ordinance. The UDC has been amended 39 times since February 2006, most recently in 2023. (Source: City of Peartand Planning Department) Floodplain Yes Floodplain development requires a permit to do any of the Management Plan following in a floodplain: build, rebuild,bring in fill dirt, re- and Flood Damage grade the land, excavate, add on to or improve a home or Prevention Ordinance business, place a manufactured or mobile home unit, install an underground or above-ground tank, subdivide land, and place accessory buildings and temporary structures. New and improved buildings and additions, including manufactured homes, must be elevated minimum one foot above the predicted base flood elevation. Buildings that are damaged more than 50 percent of their market value,regardless of whether the damage is due to flood, fire, wind, or other cause - must be made compliant with the City's floodplain management requirements. Before the start of any activity that requires a permit, applicants must first consult with the Floodplain Administrator to determine whether a proposed City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 56 -ZINL 1W Regulatory/Planning Yes/ Description Tool No project is in a floodplain. Failure to obtain apermit constitutes a violation of City ordinance and individuals are subject to citations, monetary fines, and legal action for their failure to obtain a permit prior to the start of construction or other activity that requires a permit. Elevations of fill pads in subdivisions are inspected and validated as part of the grading inspection. Elevation Certificates are collected before the Certificate of Occupancy(CO) is issued for buildings located within the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). The last update to the City's Floodplain Ordinance was made to reflect the revision on the effective FIS and FIRM for Brazoria, Fort Bend, and Harris Counties. The updated Floodplain Ordinance was forwarded to FEMA and Texas Water Development Board for review. Comments were addressed and the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance 532-8 was adopted through the City Council effective April 10, 2023. Other special purpose Yes Engineering Design Criteria Manual. The City of Pearland ordinance updated its Engineering Design Criteria Manual in October (stormwater, steep 2020 (Stormwater Criteria added in Oct. 2022) that helps slope, wildfire) parties interested in development understand design requirements and approvals required prior to any construction. Drought Contingency Plan The City of Pearland has prepared this Drought Contingency and Water Emergency Management Plan in accordance with the requirements established by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality(TCEQ), the City of Houston (Houston) and the Gulf Coast Water Authority(GCWA). For retail public water suppliers providing water service to 3,300 or more connections, the drought contingency plan must be submitted to the TCEQ every five years, and this Plan addresses all of the current TCEQ requirements for a drought contingency plan which are included in Appendix B. This Plan replaces the Plan included in Ordinance 1508 dated October 27, 2014. The measures included in this Drought Contingency and Water Emergency Management Plan are intended to provide short- term water savings during drought or emergency conditions. Master Drainage Plan The City completed the Master Drainage Plan(MDP) in 2019 which identified many new potential regional drainage projects. The 2019 MDP is being updated to generate new City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 57 _Z41L 1W Regulatory/Planning Yes/ Description Tool No models using new ID and 2D modeling which will help identify projects at a neighborhood level. The scope will also include the update to section 5 of the Engineering Drainage Criteria Manual (EDCM). Open Space is addressed in the Following Ordinances: • Sec. 27-4(E)Public Use and Service Areas—the City may require up to 10% of gross area or water frontage for park, school, or recreational purposes. • Ordinance No. 1524 Parkland Dedication Ordinance Fee Calculation—Parkland dedication is a local government requirement imposed on subdivision developers or builders, mandating that they dedicate land for a park and/or pay a fee to be used by the government entity to acquire and develop park facilities. This ordinance was updated in 2016 and is being phased in (60% 2016; 80% 2017; and 100% in 2018) which adopted a new park dedication formula fee in lieu of dedication calculation formula and park benefit zone map (attached Figure I-12). The dedication requirements for neighborhood parks in the City of Pearland are as follow: o Land Requirements: Based on the 2013 population of 100,065 residents, the current level of service is one(1) acre per 323 people. 0 2.90 Persons per Household (PPH) for Single Family and 2.13 PPH for Multi-Family based on Census information for owner and renter- occupied units. The Pearland Tree Protection and Preservation has been incorporated into the Unified Development Code, section 4 — Site Development. BCEGS Rating Yes The City currently has a Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS)rating of 4/5 commercial and residential on a scale of 1-10, with I representing exemplary administration of a model code. For wind speed, the City, in Sec. 7-62 of the City ordinance, adopted the design wind speed of the Texas Department of Insurance as adopted in Title 28 of VTCA Administrative Code §5.4011. Texas Department of Insurance Inland II 110 mph(3-sec gust) 2006 International Building Code. Building Code Yes Building Code - The City of Pearland has adopted the 2018 I- Codes and the 2017 National Electric Code. The new codes went into effect September 9, 2019. The City currently has a City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 58 _Z41L 1W Regulatory/Planning Yes/ Description Tool No Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS) rating of 4/5 commercial and residential on a scale of 1-10, with 1 representing exemplary administration of a model code. For wind speed, the City, in Sec. 7-62 of the City ordinance, adopted the design wind speed of the Texas Department of Insurance as adopted in Title 28 of VTCA Administrative Code §5.4011. Texas Department of Insurance Inland II 110 mph (3- see gust) 2006 International Building Code. Fire Department ISO Yes ISO Public Protection Classification is a rating of 1, among the rating top 1% of communities in the nation and lasts for three years. The next ISO certification will be 2026. Erosion or sediment Yes Stormwater management design plan addresses sediment control program control. The City's EDCM requires all construction plans to include Stormwater Management Plan to control erosion and sedimentation. In addition, Illicit Discharge Ordinance 1570 and 1570-1 were adopted by the City Council to regulate non- stormwater and pollutant discharge in the City. Stormwater Yes The City is actively involved in addressing storm water Management program problems and applies requirements on new development to control increases in runoff. The City implements a comprehensive five-year Stormwater Management Plan based on the General Permit for storm-water discharge from Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System(MS4) issued by TCEQ. The City submits annual MS4 report to TCEQ regarding the status of the goals and objectives identified in the comprehensive plan. Capital Yes The City of Pearland's Capital Improvement Program (CIP) is Improvements plan developed to further our commitment to the citizens of Pearland by working to meet today's needs, as well as those of the future ensuring a sustainable infrastructure. From work on underground water and sewer lines to more visible projects such as street paving, street extensions, regional detention ponds, and new community facilities, the five-year CIP addresses the needs of the City through responsible City Government with a comprehensive and fiscally responsible approach. Economic Yes Pearland Economic Development Corporation (PEDC) is a Development Plan Type B corporation that was approved in 1995 by citizens of City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 59 _Z41L 1W Regulatory/Planning Yes/ Description Tool No the City of Pearland through a local election. PEDC proactively pursues new primary jobs and capital investments through a range of activities such as marketing,relationship building, project management, project support and the provision of incentives. And is the principal economic development organization for the City. Reports generated include PEDC Strategic Plan, Workforce Strategy and Plan development and redevelopment plans and strategies. Local Emergency Yes The Basic EOP Plan was updated and accepted by TDEM in Operation plan 2022. There are 23 annexes. 6 annexes will be updated this year with the remainder updated on a yearly rotational basis. Participate in the Yes Pearland satisfied requirements for initial participation in the NFIP NFIP and joined the Emergency Program in 1978. Upon issuance and final approval of the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) in July 1984, the City joined the Regular Program. Elevation Certificates Yes Construction drawing elevation certificates required for building permits and finished construction elevation certificates required for certificates of occupancy. Participate in CRS Yes In 2018/2019, the City of Pearland retained certification rating of 6, which was originally obtained in 2014. This rating grants a 20 percent flood insurance discount for properties within all floodplains. Chapter 4 of the Yes Goal of the City is to encourage proper site planning to further Unified Development the preservation of trees and natural areas through the Code on proper site following methods: planning . The protection of trees during construction; • The facilitation of site design and construction which contributes to the long-term viability of existing trees; • The control of unnecessary removal of trees; and • Requiring on-site replacement of trees that must be removed and require off-site replacement of trees that cannot be replaced on-site, either by direct planting or through a "Tree Trust." Flood insurance study Yes Brazoria County effective FIRM date 12-30-20; Fort Bend or other engineering County effective FIRM date 1-29-21 and Harris County study for streams effective FIRM date 1-6-17. The effective FIRMS for Pearland, City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 60 _Z41L 1W Regulatory/Planning Yes/ Description Tool No which can be found on the City's website, has been revised several times to reflect more detailed information and changes to the floodplain, and is now used as a main reference source for the drainage design and setting the finish floor elevation of the structure. The City of Pearland maintains a website to provide current and concise information regarding Code Enforcement. It regulates development in a well-planned, sustainable manner that is consistent with the City's vision for its future.As a fast-growing community,the City is committed to developing in a manner that serves the best interests of all its residents and business interests. The City utilizes the following Codes, Plans and Ordinance to achieve this goal. Creation of a Unified Development Code (UDC) and Permitting Protocol In 2003-2004 the City evaluated its ordinances and processing procedures to improve coordination and to ensure that the City's goals are achieved. On February 27, 2006, the UDC was adopted by the City Council. The UDC replaces the previous Land Use and Urban Development Ordinance, Subdivision Ordinance, and Tree Ordinance. The UDC has been amended 39 since February 2006, most recently in 2023. (Source: City of Pearland Planning Department) Comprehensive Plan of the City of Pearland (2015) Texas state statute requires that cities must have a comprehensive plan specifying their overall development goals, objectives, polices and criteria for physical development and expansion to regulate the use of land(zoning) within their corporate limits. It is a flexible document that can be adapted for changing conditions that occur within the City over time. In 2015 the City completed the Comprehensive Plan Update. The updated Plan can be found on the City's website at: 2015 Comprehensive Plan I City of Pearland, TX (pearlandtx. oovv). Land Use & Urban Development Ordinance No. 509-H (revised April 22, 2002) The purpose of the ordinance is to "zone the entire area of the city of Pearland into districts in accordance with a comprehensive plan for the purpose of promoting health, safety, morals and the general welfare of the general public." The City is currently preparing the next comprehensive plan, Pearland204O with the goal of adopting this iteration in 2024. Engineering Design Criteria Manual The City of Pearland updated its Engineering Design Criteria Manual in October 2020 and further amended the stormwater section in 2022. The EDCM helps parties interested in development understand design requirements and approvals required prior to any construction. Requirement to use Atlas 14 rainfall for the design, fill mitigation requirement up to 500-year water surface elevation, change of minimum finish floor elevation to 18 inches above base flood elevation, update to the Rainfall Intensity coefficients etc. are some of the important updates related to drainage made to EDCM. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 61 Storm Water Management Plan The City is actively involved in addressing storm water problems and applies requirements on new development to ADOPTED BUILDING CODES oe o.:�..,n�,,,.w �.�,.. •ter control increases in runoff. The City implements a Ntw couesnwPl eu:lnac;ry of va.r�a"d nae ad°p«xm°2olxlc°eao ana ua zalr wn°"al el.d,;�cae.mares. codas will go into eBrct SepYPLx 9.2019.Tne ery v A qaM•4aw p°nod untl DacamSar 31.2019 b allax poptla comprehensive five-year Stormwater Management Plan ey"sere I° „�ane rm.of l�d •name a,<NE „d=na=ry,=e�m. dB� edoplad r°des wi Se mandamry n yes naw any WesM1ws pleaw can 201E52.163B and someone rMl assist you. based on the General Permit for stormwater discharge from —1.,e�n,e�e.°ee,• ,.1.° .,npen,ml°ya, —,.d=a-1.1°�°e.,19n. uNdNgseM ale sysrr support em T"ese mess prM clNeiu°I Peerlene tram dlsearas°e -Melee Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) issued by ;W .°d"al°a9hl kll °'�awm,.'a'�'I°'��'.�.m°�r'I`�"g ..n.ry.n<v<°namn.m°n�.on..nlr.ssr°°m.nanwlelny.ne.rKrw.nckn<v r.�wr.m.rm a°ror.ln.cdl.lm,mn°r °Wild"gand Insaueoolvd nwdr°nh. elaar:c°Iarw pwmb�ngxslens canecg�n deveaper"arered W.1°su"mn pens TCEQ. The City submits annual MS4 report to TCEQ ,,r. �meaeplan,ne.n°°"'e"°m'e�,�m"�'�Pll°Wks, `�d°'-e a°I PmrdlEmnn l$rr.d mr ma w"wadio°aa°rmwenwllire w"aBuralo"nl mala�llel"9.mPn.a�n smedweem lnv urea,Id Par umm vanry aPe.um�l r°mpoanre.em me apprw.e W e+.e°aea.na I«.I ornnanr.-.Dory a0er el lrnp ave M.n p-Is a rereMrsle°I°crupenry•iswed wnlM.r ell°w dre edling or spare tone oecuplee ny regarding the status of the goals and objectives identified in �.."duaei ardr°�°,°mall.°una..dPa..�e ..w.e.i..N°Irea°ra�ar°w° live.work eM play the comprehensive plan. Small developments with little opportunity for on-site detention may be allowed to purchase •mt T Nafi°nal El..i .Code capacity in the City's regional detention facilities. :o;;; , a; 9a •2➢161n-1Fuel G.,Code •NIB Inematlanal Erresgy Cm fl.n Code •Mt61ruwnanaeal n,e(:utiv Building Codes plBlxematlenalEalMln9 �9C°'° .=618ldnnetl°nel Swlmming Pad rrd Spe Gee •2016101 Lila S.Iwy Coda The City of Pearland has adopted the 2018 I-Codes and the .Cny el Peermne Eegareeang1., Gene Nemrel •CYyd Peadantl llnif dGavelopnenl Cetla 2017 National Electric Code.The new codes went into effect September 9, 2019. The City currently has a Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS) rating of 4/5 commercial and residential on a scale of I-10, with I representing exemplary administration of a model code. For wind speed, the City, in Sec. 7-62 of the City ordinance, adopted the design wind speed of the Texas Department of Insurance as adopted in Title 28 of VTCA Administrative Code §5.4011 Texas Department of Insurance Inland II 110 mph (3-sec gust) 2006 International Building Code. Pearland Code of Ordinances The City provides a link to all the ordinances on its website. In addition to providing all the ordinances online, the City has the capability for the user to see where there were new changes (marked new) and can easily activate a link in the webpage to see the changes (show changes). Resident can also be notified when a new ordinance is posted, or a code is updated. An example is found in Figure PL-10. Figure PL-10 Ordinance Information Example from Pearland's Website Building Code Staff Capabilities The City employs four Building Inspectors, three Permit Technicians, two Permit Expediters, and one Chief Inspector. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 62 _Z41L 1W Code Enforcement/Environmental Health Staff Capabilities Six code enforcement officers focused on facilitation and involvement of a variety of adopted ordinances and codes relevant to environmental health. Three officers focus on health inspections of approximately 650 licensed food service operations per adopted Texas Food Establishment Rules and the U.S. Food Code. This includes routine inspections and complaint investigations at restaurants, convenience and grocery stores, pre-packaged operations, daycares, temporary food establishments, and mobile food units. Three officers focus on general nuisance abatement of premises and properties including dilapidated structures,illegal dumping,illicit discharges,junked vehicles, rubbish or other accumulations, zoning and use, and work without required permitting. One registered officer and registered sanitarian with the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR) is in the Senior Officer position. One registered officer and certified code enforcement administrator through the American Association of Code Enforcement (AACE) is in the Supervisor's position. All Code Enforcement Officer/Officer in Training registrations held as required by the State of Texas and TDLR. As noted in section 1, the City of Pearland continued to experience growth in recent years, especially in residential construction. Table S summarizes the residential and commercial building permit statistics between 2018 and 2022 along with a snapshot of the first three quarters 2023. The table shows that the number of residential and multi-family, and commercial building permits peaked in 2019 with a total of 1,451. While permit issuance in the subsequent years slowed slightly, 2021 and 2022 permits were consistent with 2019. The recent decrease is attributed to elevated construction costs and an increase in the Federal Funds Rate (NAHB). Table S -Building Permits and Development Permits (2018- 2023) Source: City of Pearland Year Single Family Multi-Family Commercial Total 2018 817 0 570 1,387 2019 658 257 536 1,451 2020 451 276 385 1,112 2021 751 0 497 1,248 2022 497 335 596 1,428 Snapshot of 179 0 361 540 2023 *2023 information is only to the third quarter and not a full year. Inspections Pearland conducts inspections of all permitted development. A series of inspections is conducted on every building,ranging from foundation and framing, mechanical and electrical,plumbing, and fire code inspections. Figure PL-10 shows the total number of building inspections over the five- year period,2017-2021,the total number of inspections year peaked in 2019 at 35,962 but averages roughly 32,000 in that five-year span. Figure PL-11 provides development review information for years FY 2018-2022 as well as permit and building inspection information. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 63 liip Figure PL-11 Total Number of Building Inspections, 2017-2021 (City of Pearland Permit Division) PERFORMANCE MEASURES Total Number of 40.040 Building Inspections 35.040 35,982 30.000 33.441 32,833 2 30,161 25.000 20.000 15.000 2C17 2018 2019 2020 2021 Figure PL-12 Development and Building Information, 2017-2021 (City of Pearland Permit Division) FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 Actual Actual Actual Actual Goal [[Pr.--develkopment nges 15 17 16 10 12 ws 188 95 103 103 100 s Reviewed 50 23 21 13 20 s Reviewed 1.071 1.838 1.695 1.926 1.750 lopment Meetings Conducted 65 65 58 38 40 ding Inspections 32,833 35.982 30.161 29.522 30.000 mits Issued 10.042 3.241 2.258 3.148 3.000 Regulatory support for Hazard specific Mitigation As part of its rules for regulating growth, the City recognizes the importance of certain measures to limit damage and exposure of citizens and structures to floods, high wind hazards, and drought/extreme heat. Flood Hazards The City of Pearland administers a suite of regulations and ordinances that combine to comprehensively regulate flood hazard areas to minimize exposure of people and property(Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (No. 532-8), dated April 10, 2023, and amendment to the Unified Development Code (UDC) (Ord. 2000T-26), dated September 25, 2017. Administration of these provisions is the joint responsibility of the City's Floodplain Manager (in the Engineering Department) and the Building Official (located in the Community Development Department). In approved subdivisions that include floodplain areas, a building permit is required for construction of individual homes. The minimum elevation approved as part of the subdivision approval is City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 64 liip verified by the building plans reviewers. Further, subdivision plats are examined for special notes, even if there is no floodplain within the subdivision. Floodplain Administrator The City Engineer serves as the City's Floodplain Administrator and is responsible for the maintenance and enforcement of the City's Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, as mandated by the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Processing Floodplain Development Proposals. Most homes built in the floodplain are slab-on-grade, elevated by the placement of fill. Construction drawings elevation certificates are required to obtain a permit. Elevation certificates are maintained by the City's Engineering Division A copy of an elevation certificate can be requested through the City Secretary's Office by filling out a Public Information Request. City regulations require that the lowest floor, including basement, be at least one-foot above the Base Flood Elevation or at or above the 500-year flood elevation, whichever is higher. Critical facilities shall have the lowest floor elevated to a minimum 18 inches above the base flood elevation or at or above the 500-year flood elevation, whichever is higher. The City requires the surveyor to approximately delineate the floodway and floodplain for all of the proposed development site plans. Construction plans must be signed by a Professional Engineer licensed by the Texas Board of Professional Engineers. Projects requiring revision of floodway must go through Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) prior to approval of construction plans. Similarly, any projects located within the FEMA mapped 100-year floodplain must mitigate the loss of floodplain volume up to 500-year water surface elevation. The City staff compares and verifies the information using FEMA's Flood Insurance Risk Maps (FIRM) as well as the City's GIS floodplain information. Reviewing and Approving Subdivisions An amendment to the UDC outlines the requirements for the design, review, and approval of subdivisions within the City and the area designated as the extra-territorial jurisdiction (within 5 miles of the corporate limits). Preliminary plans (plat plans) are required to show waterways, drainage structures, and the flood elevations and boundaries of flood-prone areas (including floodways). If the proposal includes fills or other structural elevation techniques, levees, channel modifications, or other methods to overcome flood or erosion-related hazards, they must be designed in compliance with the City's base flood elevation standards and the City's flood hazard prevention requirements. The UDC includes a strong link to the floodplain management ordinance. Each recorded plat that includes lots that are affected by the floodplain, must indicate the required lowest floor elevation. When permit applications for individual buildings are received, the building permit includes the elevation requirements. The City conducts an inspection of subdivision grading and drainage work to validate compliance with the grading plan.At this time,elevations of the fill pads for proposed buildings in flood hazard areas are verified for the required elevation. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 65 _Z41L 1W Permitting for Substantial Improvements. Every application for renovation, improvement, or repair of existing buildings is examined by City staff to determine if the proposed improvement is a substantial improvement based on the comparison between county appraisal values and probable cost of construction. If the proposed improvement exceeds 50% or more of market value, the proposed improvement shall meet the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance requirement. In response to Hurricane Harvey, the City's floodplain administrator forwarded more than 450 letters to the homeowners located within the 100-year floodplain that may have experienced a level of flood water in their homes greater than 18 inches. These letters noted the potential of substantial damage to the structures that experienced flooding greater than 18 inches and required consultation with City officials prior to initiating any repairs,to assess whether the structures were substantially damaged and therefore required to meet current building code, particularly as regards flood risk mitigation. These meetings were designed to assist homeowners in determining whether their homes experienced substantial damage and to discuss available rebuilding and repair options compatible with City ordinances and building codes. City officials have already consulted with more than 260 homeowners to review individual damage and recommended immediate courses of action as well as future actions. These consultations not only help both the City and its residents determine substantial damage but have also become a very efficient means to collect various information related to flooding problems, flooding frequencies, depth of flood waters, interest among homeowners in participation in buyout and other risk mitigation options; which in turn, helps inform decisions on drainage improvement alternatives. Manufactured Home Parks: According to the US Census 2021 survey, there were 890 mobile homes in the City of Pearland. Two existing manufactured home parks are partially located within mapped flood hazards areas, Magnolia Place, Raintree Estates, Pearland Heights, and Country Meadows. Permits are required to place new units or replace existing units in these locations. Additionally, a requirement to elevate the units is enforced and Elevation Certificates are required to establish compliance. In addition, ground anchors are required to provide stability and to mitigate the risk of overturning during high wind conditions. Floodplain Development: A permit is required to do any of the following in a floodplain: build, rebuild, bring in fill dirt, re-grade the land, excavate, add on to or improve a home or business, place a manufactured or mobile home unit,install an underground or above-ground tank, subdivide land, and place accessory buildings and temporary structures. New and improved buildings and additions, including manufactured homes,must be elevated minimum one foot above the predicted base flood level. Buildings that are damaged more than 50 percent of their market value,regardless of whether the damage is due to flood, fire, wind, or other cause - must be made compliant with the City's floodplain management requirements. Before the start of any activity that requires a permit, applicants must first consult with the Floodplain Administrator to determine whether a proposed project is in a floodplain. Failure to obtain a permit constitutes a violation of City ordinance and individuals are subject to citations, monetary fines, and legal action for their failure to obtain a permit prior to the start of construction or other activity that requires a permit. Elevations of fill pads in subdivisions are inspected and validated as part of the grading inspection. Elevation Certificates are collected before the Certificate of Occupancy (CO) is issued for buildings located within the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 66 liip High Wind Hazards The City of Pearland is located in an area of the State in which the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association functions as the insurer of last resort for wind and hail coverage when other insurers exclude coverage for those perils from homeowners and other property policies. In order for new construction or modifications to existing structures to qualify, inspections must be performed by inspectors from the Texas Department of Insurance or licensed professional engineers who are appointed by the Department. Several inspections may be performed to determine compliance with the wind provisions of the buildings code, and a certificate of compliance is issued. Pearland addresses wind hazards through its building code and land use regulations: • The building code administered by the City requires all new construction to be designed and constructed for 110 mile per hour wind loads at three second gusts. This level of protection has been part of the building code since 1989; thus, buildings constructed after that date are expected to be resistant to damage from this wind strength. • The Land Use & Urban Development Ordinance (Sec. 24.8) requires that ground signs, and building signs that extend above the roof line, are to be designed, constructed, and installed to withstand a wind pressure of not less than thirty (30) pounds per square foot per sign face. • The Land Use & Urban Development Ordinance (Sec. 28.4) specifies that the right to a nonconforming use terminates if a structure becomes substandard under any applicable ordinance and the cost of placing it in lawful conformance exceeds fifty(50)percent of the replacement cost of the structure on the date that it was determined to be substandard. Drought/Extreme Heat Drought Contingency Plan: The City of Pearland prepared a drought contingency plan, which is posted on the City's web page. The purpose of the plan is to conserve the available water supply and to protect the integrity of water supply facilities. The plan places emphasis on domestic water use, sanitation, and fire protection, and protection of public health, welfare, and safety. To minimize the adverse impacts of water supply shortage or other water supply emergency conditions,the City adopted regulations and restrictions on the delivery and consumption of water. Certain non-essential uses are regulated and may be curtailed during times of water shortage or other emergency water supply conditions. Violators may be assessed penalties. Water Conservation Plan: The City of Pearland prepared a Water Conservation Plan: • To reduce water consumption from the levels that would prevail without conservation efforts. • To reduce the loss and waste of water. • To improve efficiency in the use of water. • To encourage efficient outdoor water use. • To extend the life of current water supplies by reducing the rate of growth in demand. City of Pearland's Participation in the NFIP Participation with NFIP and CRS are important to the City of Pearland and for its approximately 126,000 residents and over 10,000 businesses. This is evidenced by the City's commitment to regulating development and redevelopment, its adoption of provisions that exceed the minimum City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 67 liip requirements, and by its active pursuit of risk mitigation opportunities. The City is firmly committed to continued compliance with the NFIP. Pearland satisfied requirements for initial participation in the NFIP and joined the Emergency Program in 1978. Upon issuance and final approval of the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) in July 1984, the City joined the Regular Program. The effective FIRM for Pearland, which can be found on the City's website, has been revised a number of times to reflect more detailed information and changes to the floodplain, and is now used as a main reference source for the drainage design and setting the finish floor elevation of the structure. Community Rating System Participation. The Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program's (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes and encourages community floodplain management activities that exceed NFIP requirements. Review of the City's floodplain regulations served to identify measures adopted by Pearland that may qualify for credit under the NFIP's (CRS). The CRS offers discounts on the cost of federal flood insurance to those citizens who reside within recognized communities. The City originally completed and submitted a CRS application in 2003. Its first verification visit was completed on November 11, 2003. In May of 2005, the City of Pearland was accepted into the National Flood Insurance Program's Community Rating System (CRS) community. In May of 2014, the City of Pearland received a certification rating of 6, which grants a 20 percent flood insurance discount for properties within a floodplain. The City went through Community Rating System (CRS) cycle verification in 2018/2019, received 2,000 credit points, and was able to maintain CRS Class 6 rating. Under this, residents living in Pearland will receive a 20% discount on their flood insurance premium. The review of the report(credit score)prepared by the ISO CRS Coordinator revealed the areas where improvement could be made to get additional CRS credit points. An update to the current Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance 532-7 is one of the areas identified after the review of the report. The proposed amendment to the flood ordinance is considered a Higher Regulator Standard thereby making the City eligible for additional credit points. In 2023, The City followed the ISO CRS recommendation and amended the Ordinance, with 532-8. As of September 30, 2023, the NFIP Policy Information by State (nfib policy-information-by- state-20230930.xlsx (live.com)reports that 9,927 flood insurance policies are in force in Pearland insuring structures and contents at a value of $3,297,018.00. As a result of the City's recertification, federally backed flood insurance will now continue to be made available for all eligible buildings,whether they are in a floodplain or not. Additionally, flood insurance premiums will continue to be discounted, a reflection of the reduced flood risk resulting from the community actions meeting the three goals of the CRS: 1. Reduce flood damage to insurable property; 2. Strengthen and support the insurance aspects of the NFIP, and 3. Encourage a comprehensive approach to floodplain management. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 68 liip The City of Pearland maintains an emergency operations plan (EOP), which primarily describes all-hazard emergency capabilities and services that the city must be prepared to deliver in the event of major emergency or disaster. The EOP also includes several hazard-specific annexes and appendices that respond to Pearland's most foreseeable and most consequential hazards (e.g., flooding,hazardous materials, etc.). One of these appendices is Pearland's Flood Response Plan, which has been embedded in Annex R(Search and Rescue) to the City's EOP. The Flood Response Plan (FRP) is intended to facility quickly achieving unity of effort throughout the City, in response to a major flood emergency. It is also intended to ensure that the City's response is effective, efficient, well-coordinated, and safe. While portions of the FRP are not presented in the 2023 hazard mitigation plan update, there is some historical and risk assessment information included in this hazard mitigation plan. The reason other flood response plan information is not included in this plan is because a majority of the content involves response and recovery activities more appropriately addressed in the EOP but also to protect sensitive security information from public release. Prior Actions Related to NFIP Compliance Regulations Review In 2004 a review of the City's floodplain regulations and subdivision standards was prepared and City staff were interviewed. The review was performed to ensure continued compliance with the NFIP and to identify opportunities to clarify regulatory language. The regulations were determined to be consistent with the NFIP. The process continues to be reviewed with the most recent changes in 2023. Land Use & Urban Development Ordinance No. 509-H (revised April 22, 2002). The ordinance provides for and defines the Floodway District and has been incorporated into the City's Unified Development Code. See Chapter 20 FW, Floodway District of the Land Use and Development Ordinance, for additional information. The land Use Plan is a map that shows future land use by color comparison; the mapped floodplain is not delineated as a separate land use. Community Assistance Visit In the 2023 Community Assistance Visit, there were no recommendations for improvement. The City continues to maintain a very strong working relationship with the State and the NFIP. Continued NFIP Compliance This subsection describes actions the City is currently undertaking to ensure continued compliance with the NFIP. The 2023 MPC identified, reviewed, and prioritized the NFIP actions. The prioritized NFIP actions are listed below: • Continue efforts to improve the City's CRS rating through floodplain mapping improvements, reducing flood damages, and distributing public information. • Review and analyze existing floodplain regulations for opportunities to reduce flood damages through adoption and enforcement of new regulations. • Periodic review of the City Building Code and Land Use and Urban Development Ordinance. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 69 liip • Periodic review and update of the Engineering Design Criteria Manual, and Flood Damage Ordinance. • Continuously work with FEMA to update and adopt the latest FIRM and require Elevation certificate, CLOMR, LOMR for future development with the FEMA mapped floodplain. Ordinance Update The last two updates to the City's Floodplain Ordinance are as follows: 532-8,was adopted through the City Council effective April 10, 2023 and added the following terms and definitions: • Increased Cost of Compliance (ICC): A part of most standard flood insurance policies available under FEMA's NFIP which provides up to $30,000 to help cover the cost of mitigation measures that will reduce flood risk. • No Adverse Impact (NAI): An approach that ensures the action of any community or property owner, public or private, does not adversely impact the property and rights of others. • Repetitive Loss: updated the definition. • Enclosure Limits (ENL): Added language on the use of enclosure below base flood elevation for vehicle parking, building access, or storage. The amended ordinance will require non-conversion agreements for new enclosures to ensure that homeowners do not convert their enclosures to living spaces, which will include being subject to random inspections. • The added definitions will help the residents and the City to adhere to NFIP and FEMA requirements and regulations that are in place for the possibility of rebuilding or to qualify for any state or federally funded program such as Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) or HMGP (TDEM). The Department of Homeland Security's FEMA Regional office has already reviewed and approved the revised updated ordinance for the City. A total of 75 CRS credit points is expected due to this amendment. • 532-9 was adopted through City Council effective December 11, 2023 and added a minimum of finished floor elevations to be at the 500-year floodplain elevation to the existing language that requires finished floor elevations to be a minimum of one foot above the base flood elevation, whichever is higher. Harvey and Aftermath The Engineering Department completed a drainage assessment report for various neighborhood and streets within City limits that were inundated during Hurricane Harvey. The total amount of rainfall during the four days in which Hurricane Harvey loitered in the region varied between 30" and 49" from the west side of the City to the east side. Approximately 20 hurricane impacted neighborhoods (subdivisions) of various sizes were examined to analyze the cause of flooding and potential mitigation alternatives. Similarly, 70 different roadway segments were assessed to determine the cause of flooding and explore whether there were any anomalies in design. The primary purpose of the drainage assessment is to relate the flooding with flood elevation, street elevation, neighborhood natural ground elevation and drainage system in order to determine whether or not the flooding is a result of higher flood elevation of the creeks. The drainage assessment report is used for identifying existing drainage problems and prioritizing the small capital improvement projects in conjunction with Master Drainage Plan. In addition,various work City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 70 liip orders for storm sewer inspection have been submitted based on the citizen concerns and drainage assessment outcome. Substantial Damage Assessment The City's Floodplain Ordinance defines substantial damage as the damage of any origin sustained by a structure which results in costs to restore the structure to its pre-damage condition that equal or exceed 50 percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred. As a Community Rating System (CRS) Community participating in the National Flood Insurance Program, the City is required to perform substantial damage assessments. Home Buyout and Mitigation Program The City was awarded an HMGP grant and a CDBG DR grant after Hurricane Harvey and is currently working on the acquisition process from those grants. In addition, there is information that homeowners who may be interested in a potential buyout or elevation on the Engineering- Floodplain Management-Home mitigation or buyout programs website can indicate their interest in voluntary participation in various mitigation options. Natural Resources The City of Pearland values its open space and encourages protection of trees and wetlands in its development processes. The approval process for subdivisions within the City and the area designated as the extra-territorial jurisdiction (within 5 miles of the corporate limits) requires developers to delineate waterways, drainage structures, the boundaries of flood-prone areas (including floodways).Activity proposed within wetland areas must be approved by the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers under the authority of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Open Space is addressed in the Following Ordinances: • Sec. 27-4(E) Public Use and Service Areas —the City may require up to 10% of gross area or water frontage for park, school, or recreational purposes. • Ordinance No. 1524 Parkland Dedication Ordinance Fee Calculation—Parkland dedication is a local government requirement imposed on subdivision developers or builders,mandating that they dedicate land for a park and/or pay a fee to be used by the government entity to acquire and develop park facilities. This ordinance was updated in 2016 and phased in between 2016 — 2018 (60% 2016; 80% 2017; and 100% in 2018). The ordinance implemented a new park dedication formula fee in lieu of dedication calculation formula and park benefit zone map (attached Figure PL-12). The dedication requirements for neighborhood parks in the City of Pearland are as follow: o Land Requirements: Based on the 2013 population of 100,065 residents,the current level of service is one (1) acre per 323 people. 0 2.90 Persons per Household (PPH) for Single Family and 2.13 PPH for Multi- Family based on Census information for owner and renter-occupied units. Single Family (DU=Dwellin Unit) Multi-Family 323 people/2.90 PPH = I I I DUs 323 people/2.13 PPH=151 DUs Dedication Requirement: 1 Acre per Dedication Requirement: 1 Acre per III Dus 151 DUs City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 71 liip The Fee in Lieu of Land(assumes 1 acre costs $136,000 to purchase) 1. Single Family: $136,000/111 DUs = $1,225 per DU 2. Multi-Family: $136,000/151 DUs = $ 900 per DU 3. Park Development Fees: The cost of improvements in an average park in Pearland is$630,520. One park serves 6,254 people based on a total City population 100,065 being served by 16 parks (count includes 10 neighborhood parks, 4 community parks, a nature trail, and a connectivity trail system as a singular unit). Average cost is estimated to be $100.82 per person ($630,520/6,254) to develop a typical park. Single Family (DU=Dwelling Unit) Multi-Family $100.82 x 2.80 PPH = $292.378 DUs $100.82 x 2.13 PPH = $214.75 DUs Total Park Fee Total Park Fee $292 + $1,225 = $1,517 per DU $214 + $900 = $1,114 per DU Figure PL-13 City of Pearland Park Benefit Zone Map (adopted, 2016) I HOUSTON n 1' 1 1_ � MANVEL Clll OF PEARLAND Park Zones .f II i n r.—v. ein w:eo.ue m:Dour... • Originally part of Ordinance No. 1108,the Pearland Tree Protection and Preservation has been incorporated into the Unified Development Code, section 4 — Site Development. This section can be found on the City's website and provides the minimal requirements necessary for tree mitigation, landscaping and other preservation and protection of natural resources around a development project. (https://www.pearlandtx.gov/home/showdocument?id=15423) Implementation of that ordinance is led by the City's Urban Forestry Program which Figure 13 shows some operation indicators from 2022. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 72 ZINL 1W Figure PL-14- 2022 Urban Forestry Operator Indicators Urban Forestry Urban Forestry integral to the development process.From clearing new sites for new development,to beautifying our existing parks and streets,trees help provide shade, x character,and value to our community. Highlights from the past year include: ` Urban Forestry 2022 operating indicators: • Trees planted:1,042(including Capital , Improvement Projects) - • Trees inspected:13,688 • Trees pruned:2,064 4' • Trees removed:84i` Trees watered:1,188 • Trees given away:975 • Hours of outreach:72 hours • Helped developers to preserve 2,466 trees on private property As part of the 2023 Plan update,the MPC reviewed and updated the ordinances,removing repealed ordinances and updating information on existing ordinances. Future plan updates will continue to review these ordinances for possible changes. Capital projects that impact wetlands or remove trees must satisfy the same mitigation requirements imposed on private development projects. Expand and Improved the Identified Capabilities to Achieve Mitigation As shown in this section, the City has worked hard to build and improve regulatory, financial, administrative, and education and awareness mitigation tools. It is important to continuously review these tools to ensure effectiveness. For instance, The City recognized it needed to modify language on elevations to its floodplain ordinance. 532-9 was adopted through City Council effective December 11, 2023 to require a minimum freeboard to the 500 year flood elevation in addition to the one foot freeboard above the 100 year flood elevation. The table describes how the City will expand and improve capabilities by mitigation tool type. Tool Expansion and Improvement recommendations Regulatory Regular review of building codes, zoning codes, stormwater management codes, subdivision codes, land use codes, floodplain codes, and natural resources protection to ensure existing codes are effective or if additional support to codes are needed(e.g. enforcement, additional language). Administrative Staffing and training are areas the City continues to expand and improve. Financial Continued pursuit of federal and state grants to support services and projects. Continued review of Stormwater Service fees feasibility. Education Regular review with each department on education and awareness programs, success stories and areas where improvements can be made. Dedicated personnel to update materials and distribution. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 73 ZINL 1W Section 3. Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Introduction Risk assessments are conducted to determine the potential impacts of specified hazards on human safety, Pearland's economy, and both the developed and natural environments of the community. Risk, as viewed from a hazard mitigation perspective, is the potential for loss of life, personal injury, property damage, loss or other impacts created by the interaction of natural hazards with local citizens and community assets and include natural processes, such as tornadoes. FEMA has provided a diagram(Figure H-1) that illustrates the concept of risk as the overlap between hazards and community assets — the smaller the overlap, the lower the risk. This plan update focuses on how risk has changed since the current plan was updated in 2019,potentially due to changes related to land use development and integrates updated hazard information. Each hazard includes a description of the location, extent,previous occurrence, and probability of future events as well as events that occurred since the 2019 plan update. Hazards are then evaluated based on potential impact on the community, the community's overall vulnerability and the most significant risks. Changes from the Last Plan The MPC convened for the original Plan in 2004 considered all potential hazards that might affect Pearland. Thereafter, the Plan has been updated every 5 years with the most recent iteration approved by FEMA and adopted by the City Council in 2019. As part of the update process, the MPC reviewed the hazards included in the most current plan update and determined that some hazards reviewed during the last update could be omitted and three additional hazards would be reviewed to include reviewing climate adaptation and intentional focus on socially vulnerable populations.Numerous changes from the original Plan were incorporated,including updated maps and tables displaying the event history from the National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI) for various hazards, as well as many other less significant modifications. After reviewing all hazards that could potentially impact Pearland, the 2023 MPC considered the flood hazard the most significant. Section 5 of this Plan update addresses the flood hazard, while the following subsections describes the other hazards selected and how they can affect Pearland. The hazards addressed in this subsection found in Table T include the following: Table T— 2019 Hazards and 2023 Hazards 2019 Hazards Reviewed 2023 Hazards for Plan Flood Flood Tornadoes Tornadoes Thunderstorms—High Wind Thunderstorms— High Wind Hurricanes and Tropical Storms Hurricanes and Tropical Storms Earthquakes Omitted City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 74 -ZINL 1W 2019 Hazards Reviewed 2023 Hazards for Plan Landslides Omitted Omitted Winter Storm Wildfire Wildfire Dam Failure Omitted Drought Drought Extreme Heat Extreme Heat Lightning Lightning Hail Hail Subsidence Omitted Figure H-1 FEMA Concept of Risk Diagram 4111be 4 Natural Hazards Community Assets Location Population Extent (Magnitude/Strength) Built Environment Previous Occurrences Natural Environment Future Probability Economy Overview of Risks Table V identifies the total number and estimated value of buildings/infrastructure within Pearland. The table indicates there are 36,655 residential buildings and 1,128 commercial buildings within City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 75 liip the City. While buildings are tangible and it is important to estimate their value, valuing human life is more important and complex. The potential annual losses from deaths and injuries are calculated by using the values in the current FEMA BCA guidance which is$7.5 million for deaths and $90,000 for treat and release injuries. This information and the data in Table U is used periodically throughout this plan update to identify the overall exposure within Pearland for certain hazards that equally impact the entire planning area such as hurricanes/tropical storms and drought. Table U- Buildings/Infrastructure Type No. of Structures Estimated Value Residential Buildings— 30,500 $7.07B Brazoria County Residential Buildings—Fort 2,741 $0.92B Bend County Residential Buildings—Harris 3,414 $1.47B County TOTAL RESIDENTIAL 36,655 $8.632B Commercial Buildings— 1,128 $1.9B** Brazoria County only Public Buildings/Infrastructure 145 $194M*** ** Data obtained from 2023 Brazoria County Appraisal District *** Value based on insured value of City owned structures Damage and losses (including physical damage, indirect and economic losses, and personal injuries and fatalities) that are associated with hazards result when an event affects areas where people and improved property are located. After hazards are identified, estimates of risk exposure for people and property (measure of"at-risk") can be prepared. When the full range of potential natural hazards are reviewed,it becomes apparent that some events occur frequently, and some are relatively rare. Some hazards impact large numbers of people to a limited degree, while others may cause very localized but significant damage. As described in the flood hazard profile, floods have historically caused the most property damage in Pearland. The City focused on hazards that occur within the planning area that have historically had enough impact (e.g., damage to property, infrastructure, injury, or death) that mitigation of that hazard is necessary for the welfare of the community. The City updates the profile for each hazard and if the results of the review are negligible impact, the City removes the hazard. Table V provides a brief explanation on each hazard that the City considered negligible impact and will be omitted from the plan update. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 76 liip Table V- Omission of Hazards Hazard Reason for Omission Considered Earthquakes According to the State Plan, an earthquake occurrence for the planning area is considered exceedingly rare. There is no history of impact to critical structures, systems, populations or other community assets or vital services as a result of earthquakes and none is expected in the future. Landslide Given there is no recorded landslides in Pearland and the USGS study indicate is less than 1.5% chance the area will be involved in a landslide, there is less than 1% chance of a future occurrence making future occurrence very rare. Therefore, the hazard is negligible and will not be profiled. Dam The City of Pearland does not have any dams located within its limits. Most of Failure the planning area is in Brazoria County. The U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USAGE) maintains a National Inventory of Dams (NID), and reports that there are 56 dams in Brazoria County of which 6 are classified as a high hazard, 14 are classified as a significant hazard and 36 are classified as a low hazard. There are no dams located in Pearland and all the dams in Brazoria County are south of Pearland. Since the City of Pearland does not have any dams and is not immediately downstream from any significant dams, the impact is negligible. Subsidence The City studied the Harris/Galveston Subsidence reports for the area indicating that the Pearland area has a de-minimis level of subsidence. Since there is no record of any historical building damage as a result of Land Subsidence, the estimated annual dollar value damage to existing or future buildings due to subsidence is negligible and therefore, no actions are included in the reassessment of this risk, the City determined that no mitigation measures are needed. For the hazards that affect the City, the NCEI database indicates that, as of the end of 2022, these hazard events caused a combined total of approximately $3.8 billion in property damage in Brazoria County. The database also indicates there have been 72 personal injuries and 4 fatalities because of these events (see Table W). Using the FEMA BCA guidance, the estimated loss for those fatalities is approximately $30.0 million; not including personal injury and lost time costs, which would increase costs. While this is County data, it is consistent with the hazards that the City of Pearland considers likely and impactful. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 77 liip Table W-Brazoria County Injuries, Deaths, and Damages from Natural Hazards Source: NOAA/NCE Injuries from 1950-2018 69 Injuries from 2018-2023 3 Total Injuries 72 Deaths from 1950-2018 3 Deaths from 2018-2023 1 Total Deaths 4 Property Damage from 1950-2018 $3.8 Billion* Property Damage from 2018-2023 $960,000 Total Property Damage $3.8 Billion * For Hurricane Harvey,the NCET Database only shows$2 Billion in damages for Pearland,but none for the rest of Brazoria County.Tt is unclear if some of that$2 Billion was from other portions of the County. Note that various qualitative terms are used to describe the probabilities of hazards in this section. The potential events described in this section are related to natural phenomena such as the weather and movement of the earth. Because of this, there is significant variability over time, so in some cases it is necessary to use relative terms such as"likely"and"unlikely"to fairly characterize their probability. "Highly unlikely" means less than a 1% chance of occurrence annually. The term "unlikely" means up to a 10% chance annually. "Occasionally" means up to a 25% chance annually. "Likely" means 35% to 50% annual chance of occurrence, and the term "very likely" means that the event(s) are assumed to occur at least annually. All these terms refer to the entire planning area, except where text specifies otherwise in Table X. The Hazard Summary Table Y below uses the following classifications to characterize vulnerability and overall significance of hazards in Pearland. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 78 liip Table X- Classifications and Definitions for Hazards Location (Geographic Area Affected) Negligible: Less than 10 percent of planning area or isolated single-point occurrences. Limited: 10 to 25 percent of the planning area or limited single-point occurrences. Significant: 25 to 75 percent of planning area or frequent single-point occurrences. Extensive: 75 to 100 percent of planning area or consistent single-point occurrences. Probability of Future Events Unlikely: Less than 1% probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of> every 100 years. Occasional: 1 to 10%probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years. Likely: 10 to 90% probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years. Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of<than 1 year. Maximum Probable Extent (Magnitude based on historic events or future probability) Weak: Limited classification on scientific scale, slow speed of onset or short duration of event, resulting in little to no damage. Moderate: Moderate classification on scientific scale, moderate speed of onset or moderate duration of event,resulting in some damage and loss of services for days. Severe: Severe classification on scientific scale, fast speed of onset or long duration of event, resulting in devastating damage and loss of services for weeks or months. Extreme: Extreme classification on scientific scale, immediate onset or extended duration of event, resulting in catastrophic damage and uninhabitable conditions. Overall Significance Low: Two or more criteria fall in lower classifications, or the event has a minimal impact on the planning area. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a minimal or unknown record of occurrences or for hazards with minimal mitigation potential. Medium: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event's impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 79 u u _ Iwo �n woo ZL awn ;� ;a U Cl) x x x 0 ° max ; ; N+r O oG M N N W W v �' w y i�r (40 40 E� d a a � o 4 2 x A ram+ �" ku el O y �i N .vr N O N � � L LL 0 U c Numerous federal agencies maintain a variety of records regarding losses associated with natural hazards. Unfortunately,no single source is considered to offer a definitive accounting of all losses. FEMA maintains records on federal expenditures associated with declared major disasters. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Natural Resources Conservation Service collect data on losses during the course of some of their ongoing projects and studies. As mentioned earlier in this Section, NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information database is another source where data statistics such as injuries, deaths, and damage estimates are maintained for a variety of natural hazards. The data is maintained at the county level, with more recent entries listing the specific location within the county. Although not always specific to the City of Pearland, this county-wide hazard data from the NCEI is often the best available resource for documenting historical events. In the absence of definitive data on some of the natural hazards that may occur in Pearland, illustrative examples are useful. Table Z provides brief descriptions of particularly significant natural hazard events occurring in the City's recent history. Data on Presidential Disaster Declarations characterize some natural disasters that have affected the area. In 1965, the federal government began to maintain records of events determined to be significant enough to warrant declaration of a major disaster by the President of the United States. Presidential Disaster Declarations (DRs) are made at the county level and are not specific to any one city. It should be noted that not all disaster declarations for Brazoria County affected the City of Pearland. However, as of 2023, 18 such disasters had been declared in Brazoria County and are identified as part of the summary in Table below including two since the last plan update. Declared disasters that directly affected Pearland are noted. Table Z- Natural Hazard Events and Declared Major Disasters in Brazoria County (Sources: FEMA, NCEI database) Date & Nature of Event Disaster (DR) July 11, 1973 Severe Storm and Flooding (Limited damage in the City). DR-398 Clear Creek, Chigger Creek, Cowards Creek, and Mary's Creek flooded due to protracted rains. The storms responsible for the rains also triggered tornadoes within the area. The flooding event inundated roads within the City. July 28, 1979 Storms and Flash Floods. (265 flood insurance claims in the City) DR-595 Tropical Storm Claudette formed in the Central Atlantic the morning of July 15, 1979. It never reached hurricane intensity as it wandered across the northern Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico 10 days, making landfall near Port Arthur the evening of the 24th. The storm veered left and stalled over Alvin, TX the evening/early morning hours of the 25th/26th. This was a weak tropical storm and went through the "Core Rain" phase during that period. An observer 3.2 miles northwest of Alvin reported 8.0" rainfall in one 4-hour period. Alvin recorded the maximum 24-hour rainfall on record for the United States of 43 inches. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 81 e Date & Nature of Event Disaster DR September 25, Severe Storm and Flooding. (146 flood insurance claims in the City) 1979 Torrential rains caused Clear Creek to overflow its banks. Many streets and DR-603 homes within the City were flooded. August 19, Hurricane Alicia. (172 flood insurance claims in the City) 1983 Category 3 hurricane which caused $3.0 billion damage/costs and 21 deaths DR-689 statewide. April 12,1991 Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding— (limited damage in the City) DR-900 December 26, Severe Thunderstorms. (Limited damage in the City) 1991 "Christmas Flood". This was not a historic event in terms of large rainfall totals. DR-930 But in terms of total rain volume in one event, this certainly was one of the largest in Texas recorded history, if not the largest. Thousands of previously unsuspecting homeowners were flooded as Oyster Creek became several miles wide in Brazoria County where five hundred homes suffered serious flood damage. February 25, Tornado. 1993 The public reported a tornado near the grade school at Southdown and Highway 288. This tornado was 100 yards wide and caused about $5,000 in damages. April 25, 1993 Hail. A SkyWarn spotter reported golf ball-size hail on the east side of Pearland. The hail was 1.75" in diameter and caused $5,000 in damages. October 18, Severe Thunderstorms and Flooding. (344 flood insurance claims in the 1994 City). DR-1041 Disastrous flooding passed down Cypress and Spring Creeks, the W and E Fork San Jacinto Rivers, producing a record elevation in Lake Houston by nearly 3 feet. Three hundred forty thousand cfs passed over the emergency spillway down the San Jacinto River below Lake Houston. The Houston Chronicle listed 15,775 homes damaged - 3,069 destroyed - 22 flood related deaths along these streams. Some homes flooded to the roofs of two-story homes. —IA Only July 21, 1995 Heat Wave. Heat Advisories were issued covering all of Southeast Texas for an eight-day period. Overnight lows hovered around 80 degrees, while afternoon highs were near 100 each day. The afternoon heat indices ranged from 105-115 degrees. Approximately 200 people reported signs of heat stress or exhaustion. There were also two deaths reported due to the excessive heat. April—May Drought. 1996 Continuation of drought conditions from April. May, normally one of the wettest months, had very little rainfall across Southeast Texas. Many stations actually received less than 0.10 of an inch of rain during May. The effects on agricultural products continued to worsen with many spring crops being lost due to lack of rainfall. Property damage for Southeast Texas this month were $10 million, agricultural losses $50 million. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 82 e Date & Nature of Event Disaster DR September 23, Severe Storm and Flooding - Tropical Storm Francis (10 flood insurance 1998 claims in the City). DR-1245 Tropical Storm Frances, and a localized thunderstorm that followed later in the same month,resulted in widespread flooding. The Harris County Area including the City of Pearland, received a Presidential disaster declaration for this storm event. IA Only May 20, 2000 Thunderstorm. Severe wind damage at Clover Field. Two airplane hangars, 8 trailers, 1 helicopter, and an unknown number of small airplanes overturned or destroyed. Large awning and billboard down at FM 518 and SH 35. Large trees and power lines down in the Pearland area. There was over$1 M in property damage. June 9, 2001 Severe Storm and Flooding - Tropical Storm Allison (741 flood insurance DR-1379 claims in the City). Tropical Storm Allison produced flooding throughout Southeast Texas, Louisiana, and across the eastern United States. Rainfall rates in the Houston area exceeded both the 100 and 500-year rainfall rates resulting in over 50,000 homes flooded. Damages were estimated at $5 Billion and prompted a Presidential disaster declaration for 30 counties in Texas. The City of Pearland experienced devastating flooding from this storm April 8, 2002 Flash Floods. Heavy rains caused street flooding in the neighborhood of Corrigan. Many roads in this neighborhood were impassable. There was $5,000 in property damage. September 26, Tropical Storm Fay. 2002 Limited damage in the City DR-1434 September 24, Hurricane Rita. 2005 Minimal damage and no flooding reported in Pearland from the event. Four DR-1606 neighborhoods experienced isolated and intermittent power outages. September 13, Hurricane Ike 2008 The City of Pearland experienced a direct strike from Hurricane Ike an DR-1791 extremely large Category 2 storm with maximum sustained winds near 90 miles per hour and gusts exceeding 100 miles per hour. Ike caused severe damage to City facilities, damaged approximately two thousand homes and businesses, and created citywide power outages. April 18, 2009 Thunderstorm Severe thunderstorms in Pearland dumped six to seven inches of rain in four hours. The heavy rains caused localized flooding along area creeks. Several subdivisions in Pearland had street flooding with water threatening homes. The South side of the City from Fite South and along Magnolia and Bailey the ditches were overflowing and there was extensive field flooding. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 83 e Date & Nature of Event Disaster DR August 16, Thunderstorm/Wind. 2013 A severe thunderstorm developed during the late afternoon through early evening hours and produced wind damage as it moved southward from The Woodlands area to the Angleton area. A severe thunderstorm downed hundreds of trees, numerous power poles, and a lot of fences in the Pearland area between Highway 35 and Highway 288. Winds were estimated to be gusting up to 60 mph as the storm moved southward across the area. April 16, 2015 Hail/Thunderstorm. A passing southwestern shortwave disturbance into a very moist and unstable southeastern Texas environment initialized numerous severe thunderstorms. Dime sized hail reported in Pearland. April 17, 2015 Thunderstorm/Wind. Morning thunderstorms from a weak upper-level disturbance produced lightning strikes that damaged several structures. A lightning strike caused an attic fire at a two-story residential home in Pearland. April 17, 2015 Flash Flood. An approaching broad upper low east of the Four Corners region placed eastern Texas in a favorable upper air pattern conducive to sustaining either a mesoscale storm complex or an organized linear storm system. Daytime heating, within a highly moist environment and a passing shortwave disturbance, allowed a south- central Texas originating derecho to pass through within the southwest flow and cause severe weather damage across the Houston, Texas area. Heavy rain caused localized street flooding within the City of Pearland. May 4, 2015 Texas Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight Line Winds and Flooding. DR-4223 An upper disturbance initiated a large thunderstorm complex that traveled across southeastern Texas. This line produced damaging severe thunderstorm gusts and an EF-1 tornado along its eastward progression across the Houston area. Thunderstorm winds downed trees, damaged traffic lights, and caused roof damage to the local library in Lake Jackson. August 20, Flash Flood. 2015 Early morning showers and thunderstorms developed and moved very little for several hours resulting in flash flooding across parts of Galveston and Brazoria counties. Rainfall totals of 5 to 7 inches per hour were common, and isolated totals did reach 10 inches in the Bayou Vista area. There was street flooding in and around the Pearland area. October 22, Texas Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight Line Winds and Flooding. 2015 The remnants of Hurricane Patricia merged with a developing frontal low to DR-4245 produce an intense surface low off the Texas Gulf Coast. As this low moved up the upper Texas coast it produced moderate to heavy rainfall that broad flooding to some areas, an isolated tornado and waterspout, and minor coastal flooding due to elevated storm tides. The tornado damaged the metal roof of a large business south of Beltway 8 west of Cullen Blvd. The damage path extended north of Beltway 8 into the Brunswick Place subdivision. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 84 e Date & Nature of Event Disaster DR May 13, 2016 Thunderstorm/Hail. Isolated severe thunderstorms produced hail, with some up to ping pong ball size. Pea to dime size hail was reported near the intersection of Walnut Street and Highway 35 in Pearland. May 22, 2016 Texas Severe Storms and Flooding. DR-4272 A fast eastward moving storm system tracked across the area during the day. One county reported some wind damage, and there was one flood report on Galveston Island. Severe thunderstorm winds downed trees and damaged power lines near the intersection of County Road 3467 and County Road 654B. March 29, 2017 Flash Flood. A line of thunderstorms moved across southeast Texas during the morning and afternoon hours and produced several tornadoes, hail, wind damage and some flooding. Street flooding was reported across the Pearland area. August 23, Hurricane/Tropical Strom Harvey. 2017 Harvey made landfall as a category 4 hurricane near Rockport, Texas during the DR-4332 evening of August 25th. The storm then weakened to a tropical storm and slowed, looping back and tracking over SE Texas then back over the Gulf of Mexico making a second landfall along the Louisiana coast during the early morning hours of August 30th. During that 5-day period in which Harvey loitered over Southeast Texas the storm produced catastrophic flooding with a large area experiencing 30 to 60 inches of rain, 23 tornadoes, tropical storm force winds and a moderate storm surge near Matagorda Bay. In some of the heavier bands of rain fell at a rate of over 5 inches per hour. This record rainfall produced catastrophic flooding. Intense rain over an extended period resulted in flash flooding and sheet flow, which inundated tens of thousands of homes, businesses, and roads in the metropolitan Houston area. Main stem rivers and adjoining tributaries, creeks and bayous reached capacity and overflowed their banks, and this also contributed to the massive flooding across southeastern Texas. Flash flood waters, from sheet flooding and flooding bayous/creeks inundated thousands of homes and businesses in Pearland. Roads and highways in and around Pearland and south into Manvel, or east of Highway 288 along Highway 6, were flooded and impassable for extended periods. Record flooding of the Brazos River, San Bernard River and Oyster Creek caused the flooding of hundreds to thousands of nearby homes, vehicles, and businesses. Numerous roads and homes were inundated with flood waters. EVENTS SINCE 2018 PLAN Jan 20, 2020 - Texas Covid-19 Pandemic. May 11, 2023 DR-4485 Texas Severe Winter Storms. On Sunday, February 14, temperatures plummeted as a prolonged winter freeze extended throughout the state, all the way down to the coast. During a record City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 85 c Date & Nature of Event Disaster DR Feb 14, 2021 freeze, a significant portion of Texas' power generation became inoperative for DR-4586 various reasons, which lead to prolonged and widespread power outages. Intentional power outages became necessary to protect the electrical power distribution system. Cascading effects followed when emergency power generators supporting Water Production and Wastewater Treatment systems failed. Compounding the issues was a decrease in water supply from City of Houston. Water supply constraints lead to lower water pressure, which triggered a state- mandated boil water directive. Pearland was just one of many municipalities under a boil water directive due to power outages; according to the Houston Chronicle, 2/3 of the Texas population was under a Boil Water Notice. Externally,power outages lead to a loss of heat in both residences and businesses throughout the community. Loss of heat allowed water pipes to freeze and burst, which resulted in widespread structural damage. Structural and vegetative debris was considerable and required several weeks to remediate. Jan 24, 2023 Severe Storms, Tornado. On Tuesday January 23, passage of a cold front through the region increased tornado risk and the National Weather Service (NWS) subsequently issued a tornado watch, which included Pearland. Tornadic activity was observed to the southwest of Pearland as the front advanced and NWS issued a tornado warning for Pearland. An EF-3 tornado subsequently formed over the city,touched down in close proximity, and devasted portions of the cities of Pasadena, Deer Park, and Baytown. Lightning strikes also ignited several structure fires in the city. July 2023 Extreme Heat. The summer of 2023 brought record temperatures to southeast Texas (5 — 9 degrees above normal) for a prolonged period, which resulted in repeated heat advisories and heat warnings. Record electrical energy demand threatened to exceed supply and trigger rolling blackouts to protect the electrical power distribution system. A large portion of Texas was plagued by wildfire due to excessive temperatures, drought conditions,low humidity,and the accumulation of combustible fuel loads in the natural environment. Burn bans were implemented throughout the vast majority of the state, including Brazoria and surrounding counties, and"Red Flag"warnings issued, signaling dangerous fire weather. Brazoria and adjacent counties activated cooling shelters to provide relief to vulnerable residents, particularly those lacking air conditioning. July 2023 Extreme Drought. The summer of 2023 brought record temperatures to southeast Texas (3 — 9 degrees above normal) for a prolonged period, which triggered activation of the City's drought contingency plan and implementation of water conservations measures. Concurrently, precipitation was well below normal (2 —4 inches). A large portion of Texas was plagued by wildfire due to excessive temperatures, City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 86 e Date & Nature of Event Disaster DR drought conditions, low humidity, and accumulation of combustible fuel loads in the natural environment. Burn bans were implemented throughout most of the state, including Brazoria and surrounding counties, and "Red Flag" warnings issued, signaling dangerous fire weather. Conditions in surrounding counties were classified as extreme drought by the National Weather Service on August 25, 2023, while Brazoria County was classified as "Exceptional Drought." On August 2, 2023, Pearland implemented Phase 1 (voluntary restrictions on water use) of its drought contingency plan. Water demand exceeded triggers for activation of the City's drought contingency plan (75% of operating capacity) and reached 90% of operating capacity at times. On August 30, 2023, the City implemented Phase 2 of the plan. As a part of this plan, all events were queried in the NCEI Storm Events Database, but there was only one result for any disaster in the County in 2023. Therefore, the hazard profiles are only through the end of 2022. Losses Due to Major Disasters According to the NOAA NCEI Climate Monitoring website, The U.S. has sustained 363 weather and climate disasters since 1980 where overall damages/costs reached or exceeded $1 billion (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/). Although there is not one list of all private and public losses from natural disasters for Pearland, NOAA provides an annual review of disasters and costs nationwide. Using that information, for 2022, the total cost of the 18 weather/climate disaster events to affect the United States was 165.1 billion. The events included 1 flooding event, 9 severe storm events, 3 tropical cyclone events, 2 tornado outbreaks, 1 wildfire event, 1 drought and heat wave event and 1 winter storm event. The illustration (Figure 1-12) below depicts the timing and location of these disasters. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 87 0 Figure H2- 2022 Disasters and Locations U.S. 2022 Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters DroughUHeat Wave Q Flooding { Hail q Hurricane Severe Weather ©Tornado Outbreak Wildfire Winter Storm/Cold Wave North Central 0 North Central 0 North Central Severe Weather Hail Storms Hail Storms May 11-12 May 9 May 19 Central 0 0 North Central and Severe Weather Eastern Severe Weather June 7-8 �� i July 22-24 Central Derecho June 13 Drought and 0 Heat Wave Kentucky and Jan 1-September 30 Missouri Flooding July 26-28 Southeastern © O Tornado Outbreak April 4-6 Hurricane Ian Western Wildfires Spring-Fall September 28-30 Southern and Central Southern Southern Hurricane Fiona ® Severe Weather Severe Weather Tornado Outbreak September 17-18 May 1-3 April 11-13 March30 This map denotes the approximate location for each o1 the 1 S separate billion-dollar weather and climate disasters that impacted the United States January-September of 2022. In most declared major disasters, the federal government reimburses at least 75% of the eligible costs of cleanup and recovery and possibly more depending on the severity of the disaster. The remaining percentage is covered by the state and affected local jurisdictions. These costs, which do not include costs incurred by other federal agencies or by state and local agencies,include those associated with: • Public assistance for debris removal, emergency services, roads and bridges, flood control facilities, public buildings and equipment, public utilities, and parks and recreational facilities. • Financial assistance disbursed for individual and household grants, emergency food and shelter, and other assistance to individuals. • Grant funds set aside to support hazard mitigation. An example is Texas Severe Winter Storms (4586-DR-TX). On February 18, 2021, Governor Abbott requested a major disaster declaration due to severe winter storms beginning on February 11, 2021, and continuing. The Governor requested a declaration for Individual Assistance; all categories of Public assistance,including snow assistance; and Hazard Mitigation for all 254 Texas counties. This event was of the severity and magnitude that the need for supplemental Federal assistance was determined to be necessary prior to the completion of joint Federal, State, and local government Preliminary Damage Assessments (PDAs). Per 44 C.F.R.§ 206.33(d)and § 206.36(d), the requirement for a joint PDA may be waived for those incidents of such unusual severity and magnitude that formal field damage assessments are not required to establish the need for supplemental Federal assistance under the Stafford Act. On February 19, 2021, President Biden City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 88 e declared that a major disaster exists in the State of Texas The funding obligations were as follow on Figure H3. Figure H3 -Funding Obligations by FEMA Disaster Category Funding Obligations Individual Assistance Amount Total Housing Assistance(HA)-Dollars Approved $182,111,272.91 Total Other Needs Assistance(ONA)-Dollars Approved $20,831,580.90 Total Individual&Households Program Dollars Approved $202,942,853.81 Individual Assistance Applications Approved 6 U,329 Public Assistance Amount Emergency Work(Categories A-B)-Dollars Obligated $52,271,171.42 Permanent Work(Categories C-G)-Dollars Obligated $41,174,728.57 Total Public Assistance Grants Dollars Obligated $98,718,270.01 Hazard Mitigation Assistance Amount Hazard Mitigation Grant Program(HMGP)-Dollars Obligated $3,072,907.33 Historically, the City of Pearland has received Public Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Assistance grant funding. Pearland residents have also benefitted from individual and household assistance. In the last five years, the City has received federal assistance for DR 4586 Severe Winter Storm. • Public Assistance for DR 4586 in the amount of 548,159 for the City's response to the Texas Severe Winter Storm—February 2021. • In addition to PA funds,the City has also received hazard mitigation assistance grant funds in the last five years to support the following mitigation initiatives: • FMA— $1,573,550 for elevation of SRL/RL properties • HMGP - $3,695,448 for the 75% federal share of acquisition and demolition of flood damaged properties from Hurricane Harvey • CDBG DR(US HUD) administered through the Texas for local drainage improvements and the acquisition/demolition of homes for $5,308,153. The City continues to work diligently to mitigate hazards to its residents and business community. The identification of hazards, however, is the start of a process to understand what hazard City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 89 e mitigation actions could be undertaken to reduce future risk to the residents of Pearland and its business sector. The City reviewed the State Hazard Mitigation Plan, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Centers for Environmental Information (NOAA, NCEI), FEMA's Disaster Declarations, the Harris County Flood Control District's flood warning system website database, Harris, Fort Bend and Brazoria Counties Hazard Mitigation Plans, BDD4's Hazard Mitigation Plan, and Texas A&M Forest Service, Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment (TxWRAP), and the CDC's Social Vulnerability Index. These reports were used in this plan update as follows: State Hazard Mitigation Plan: Plan's goals, actions and hazards were reviewed to gather data for this plan for mitigation strategy, goals, actions, and hazard data. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Centers for Environmental Information (NOAA,NCEI): Information used to gather hazard data. FEMA Disaster Declarations: Information was used for historical information and for hazard data. Harris County Flood Control District's Flood Warning System Database: Database was queried to provide historical and real time hazard data. Harris County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update: Plan's goals, actions and hazards were reviewed to gather data for this plan. Brazoria County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update: Plan's goals, actions and hazards were reviewed to gather data for this plan. Fort Bend County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update: Plan's goals, actions and hazards were reviewed to gather data for this plan. Brazoria Drainage District No. 4 Hazard Mitigation Plan: Plan's goals, actions and hazards were reviewed to gather data for this plan. Texas A&M Forest Service Texas Wildfire Assessment: Report was reviewed to gather hazard data. USDA Drought Disaster Declaration for Brazoria County: Report was reviewed to gather hazard data on droughts. The next part of this section focuses on hazard identification,the potential impact of these hazards, and the community's vulnerability from each hazard. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 90 c Drought UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. • Information on the Drought Impact Reporter(DIR) added. Hazard Description Drought is generally defined as a condition of climatic dryness severe enough to reduce soil moisture and water supplies below the requirements necessary to sustain normal plant, animal, and human life. In Texas, drought is often defined in terms of agricultural and hydrologic drought: • Agricultural drought is considered a dry period of sufficient duration and intensity that crop, and animal agriculture are markedly affected. • Hydrologic drought is considered a long-term condition of abnormally dry weather that ultimately leads to the depletion of surface and ground water supplies. During hydrologic drought, a significant reduction in flow of rivers, streams, and springs is notable. Texas is divided into ten climatic divisions that range from substantially heavy precipitation through semi-arid to and climates. Most of Texas is prone to periodic droughts of differing degrees of severity. One reason is the state's proximity to the Great American Desert of the southwestern United States. In every decade since recordation, Texas has fallen victim to one or more serious droughts. Location-Drought Brazoria County is susceptible to all ranges of drought as defined by the Palmer Drought Severity Index (see Extent) and since drought occurs on regional scale, all of the Pearland is equally at risk as it can occur anywhere in the jurisdiction. The geographic area affected is considered extensive. Previous Occurrence Previous occurrence is confined to the last five years of available data,for the NOAA Storm Events Database that is 2018-2022, in addition to recent local observations. Also, the database provides data at the County level, so the information will show Brazoria County. The database documents I drought event lasting five months for Brazoria County since 2018 see Table AB although the region is currently experiencing extreme drought conditions and Brazoria County is currently classified as "Exceptional Drought." In addition, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA Table AA) keeps record of agricultural disasters. Declarations for Brazoria County between 2018-2022 included 3 related to drought. Table AA: USDA Drought Disaster Declaration for Brazoria County, 2018-2022 Disaster Incident Date Approval Date Description Crop Disaster No. Year S4932 2-2-21 3-26-21 Drought 2021 S4654 11-1-19 3-11-20 Drought 2020 S4669 2-18-20 5-6-20 Drought 2020 USDA Farm Service Agency 2022 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 91 e Table AB - Drought Events in Brazoria County, 2018—2023 (Source:NOAAINCEI) Location Date Type DthLnj PrD CrD BRAZORIA (ZONE) 04/05/2022 Drought 0 0 O.00K O.00K BRAZORIA (ZONE) 05/01/2022 Drought 0 0 O.00K O.00K BRAZORIA (ZONE) 06/01/2022 Drought 0 0 O.00K O.00K BRAZORIA (ZONE) 07/01/2022 Drought 0 0 O.00K O.00K BRAZORIA (ZONE) 08/01/2022 Drought 0 0 O.00K O.00K BRAZORIA (ZONE) 07/2023 Drought* Totals: 0 0 O.00K O.00K *At the time of the update,Brazoria County was experiencing a drought,however,the NCEI database had not capture the event. Future Occurrence While the previous Dralughl Classification occurrence only reviews that last five years, future occurrence takes all events into account. Based on 9 years (1996, � 1998, 2000, 2011, 2012, , 2013, 2020, 2021, and 2022) of drought events within 26 years, a gyp Abaomalh, PVWIi ofm nm a r pcftm CMIM oat of dm : drought occurs approximately once + c wjm W M.1"UKf Aly I M every three years on t Sw*Lwap„ PJ average in Brazoria �rAL►E LM Cc�� g D1 wiiRj� �,W�*r -2.0 to� . County and since droughts occur at a I" VN=%+ff rw4rXi"M regional level, Pearland � �crP1 �.tk*b can expect a drought % w+wriao'MC-- ..r, _3 O to 9 event approximately w,o ngwkliaw WNPW once every three and a i K4wrmWp,,&L,,4cm half years or a 34.6% utide wsnr dyfmtsm co -4.0 Zo-4.9 chance annually. The probability of future occurrence is considered s r ,i.�,a,,.,,,,,.,,.-, -5.0 orIr likely. cam mmd wnUrc�r4..ow City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 92 c Extent The U.S. Drought Monitor Scale is a drought scale and like hurricane and tornado scales, the "D- scale"speaks to how unusual a drought episode is with a measurement-The U.S.Drought Monitor Drought Intensity Scale, classifies drought by 5 categories, DO through D4 with D4 being the most extreme drought conditions. The maximum drought extent experienced for Brazoria is a Category D4 drought as reported by the U.S. Drought Monitor occurred in late August, 2011 Summary U.S. Drought Monitor (unl.edu) (Figure H-4). Therefore, it is surmised that Pearland also experienced a maximum D4 Drought. While the monitor classification is severe, the maximum probable extent the City can expect is considered moderate with most events resulting in little to no damage, and the most extreme event potentially causing severe crop damage, pasture loss, and widespread water shortages or restrictions. The maximum extent is considered severe. Figure H-4 Drought Conditions: Five Year Period for Brazoria County (Source Drought.gov) �9 v J SUa' G Su 20 u1 �O~ rypti �� ti�L Time Period(Years): 2018 to 2023UPDATE GRAPH RESET GRAPH Show Category: All 1 lie U.S.Drought Monitor(2000--present)depicts the location and -ensity of drought across the country.Every Thursday,authors rn NOAA,USDA,and the National Drought Mitigation Center )duce a new map based on their assessments of the best )ilable data and input from local observers.The map uses five U.S.Drought Monitor _egories:Abnormally Dry(DO),showing areas that may be going o or are coming out of drought,and four levels of drought(D1- arn more. DO Dl D2 D13 D-: Impact The Drought Impact Reporter (DIR) is the nation's first comprehensive database of drought impacts. The database contains information from multiple federal agencies including the U.S. Department of Agriculture Risk Management Agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 93 c Administration TRACS program, and Sectoral Applications Research Program. The DIR reports on County level but since drought impacts on a regional level, it can be surmised that the same impacts were experienced in Pearland. Figure H-5 describes the number of impacts reported by category with agriculture being reported with the greatest frequency followed by plants and wildlife (see the report below). The dark red color that represents Brazoria County depicts the level of the impacts (Figure H-5), in this case 23 impacts. Crops, plants, and wildlife are the leading categories that may be affected by drought events. Water supply which would impact Fire and Rescue, Water production and quality which could impact health and the economy. As is typical of drought conditions,Pearland is experiencing large cracks in the ground and frequent watermain ruptures, which result in loss of water, temporary water outage for affected residents, and require prompt repair by City staff. Figure H-5 -Number of Brazoria County Drought Impacts by Category 24 22 20 ,s ,e ,4 i E a ,2 a E Z 10 E b 4 T.n. _ E- y, �e arts&:. _ - _-_ _ _ our sm&Recreation Water Supp y& 0-11ty In addition to the impacts reflected in the DIR, drought impacts were greatest on major population centers, prompting water conservation and reduction measures over an extended period. The Texas Agricultural Extension Service projected a$4 billion statewide economic loss as a result of the 1996 drought. In the Southeast Texas area, damage from the extended drought in 2011 reached record proportions as many crops were completely lost and large numbers of animals were sold because of insufficient grazing. In the Southeast Texas region, property damage was estimated at $10 million and agricultural losses were estimated at $100 million. Specific numbers for Pearland are not available but prompted the City to adopt an ordinance creating a Drought Conservation Plan. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 94 c Climate Change The Center for Climate and Energy Solutions reports that"Risk of drought is expected to grow due to reduced precipitation and higher temperatures caused by climate change. Droughts can have far-reaching impacts including degraded water quality, low river flows with ecological implications, saltwater intrusion in tidal river areas and land subsidence" (Resilience Strategies for Drought, 2018 resilience-strategies-for-drought.pdf(c2es.org)) With an extended and warmer climate, droughts can become longer, more frequent, and more severe. Social Vulnerability Social vulnerability is defined as the susceptibility of social groups to the adverse impacts of natural hazards, including disproportionate death, injury, loss, or disruption of livelihood. While drought generally impacts the environment, the secondary effects (e.g., water quality and supply as examples) could impact groups including the elderly, residents in poor health, children, outside workers, and those who struggle economically. FEMA's National Risk Index for the Pearland Census Tracts for socially vulnerable populations shows not tracked because the risk is crops only. Figure H-6 Pearland Area Drought Risk on Socially Vulnerable Populations Census tract 48039660302 Brazoria County,Texas Risk Index Avalanche 4pplicable Coastal Flooding Very Low 72.6 Cold Wave Relatively Low 4 Drought* No Rating Sr, 0.0 *Note:Risk Index is (crop only)impact Earthquake Very Low Score 9.8 Hail Relatively Low 49.3 Heat Wave Relatively Low 23.8 Hurricane Relatively High -__ =86.6 Ice Storm Very Low Score 14.9 Landslide No Rating Score 0.0 Lightning Relatively Moderate City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 95 c Overall Vulnerability Drought risks to people and property within the City of Pearland cannot be distinguished by area; the hazard is reasonably predicted to have uniform probability of occurrence across the entire City. The drought hazard affects all residential and commercial building types about equally within the planning area. Community assets at risk include agricultural, economic, industrial, qualify of life, water supply (depletion of surface water causes additional strain on water wells), landscape, infrastructure (roads and pipes), parks and athletic field deterioration, closure of recreational amenities(splash zone,parks), community development strains (loss of production or construction and could lead to increased wildfire risk. The overall significance of Drought in Pearland is considered High. The following graphics reflect forecast fire danger throughout the state on August 30, 2023, and the occurrence of wildfire over the previous 7 days. Forecast Fire Danger Fuel Model:G Valid for:08/30/2023 Issued on 08/29/2023 • 1 , • Report of 803 (+9) fires and 83,309 (+812) acres have been burned this year. There are 210 (+2) counties with burn bans. The Keetch- Byram Drought Index list contains 231 (no change) counties with an RN Dan9«Rating average over 400. -MO—t. 1 Exf�S !ll?c1v1 77- Hlqh IORLSI SLRVIU_ E.heme C • weather Still— • ai Ot— t++-• ROM ' t• bvldfir. n,tw�cy for the Past 7 Days ® ,v,aez„rs• 218 fir.,fnr 12,A I;)irres Map Last Updated:8/2912 0 2 3 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 96 c Extreme Heat UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. • Due to NCEI data limits, NOWData was used for impact and some vulnerability. • The impact from the summer 2023 extreme heat is provided in narrative and monthly information as full year data is not yet available at time of the update. Hazard Description -Extreme Heat The Texas HMP Update defines extreme heat as a combination of very high temperatures and, usually, exceptionally humid conditions. When persisting over a period of time, it is called a heat wave. Although the state definition includes `exceptionally humid conditions,' as of this writing, southeast Texas is experiencing record temperatures that have triggered repeated heat advisories and heat warnings, but very low humidity, which contributes to a wildfire hazard. Extreme heat kills by pushing the human body beyond its limits. Under normal conditions, the body's internal thermostat produces perspiration that evaporates and cools the body. However, in extreme heat and high humidity, evaporation is slowed, and the body must work harder to maintain a normal temperature. Temperatures that hover 10 degrees or more above the average high temperature for the region and last for several weeks are defined as extreme heat. Humid or muggy conditions, which add to the discomfort of high temperatures, occur when a "dome" of high atmospheric pressure traps hazy, damp air near the ground. Excessively dry and hot conditions are often prerequisites for dust storms. Most heat disorders occur because the victim has been overexposed to heat or has over-exerted themselves, considering age and physical condition. Other conditions that can promote and exacerbate heat-related illnesses include stagnant atmospheric conditions and poor air quality. Location Extreme heat occurs on a regional scale; therefore, all of Pearland is equally at risk as it can occur anywhere in the City. The climate is humid subtropical,with hot summers and frequent,prolonged heat waves. Numerous heat-related fatalities have occurred in the areas surrounding Pearland. Many of these fatalities are likely to have occurred in more rural areas of Brazoria County (and thus outside the City of Pearland) where there are a greater number of homes without air conditioning. The geographic area affected is considered extensive. Previous Occurrence Data derived from the NCEI database, indicates that between 1950 and 2023, there were seven extreme heat events that affected the entire County, to include the City of Pearland. These events are summarized below in Table AC. The NCEI database indicates that for the seven extreme heat events there were a total of 0 deaths, 0 injuries and no property damage in Brazoria County. As part of the original plan development a member of the public highlighted that there was a prolonged heat wave in July of 1980 that affected the City. This event was not listed in the NCEI database of extreme events. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 97 c When the NCEI database was queried from 2018-2023, there was one extreme heat event in 2019. Table AC - Extreme Heat Events in Brazoria County, 1950—2023 (Source: NOAA/NCEI) Location Date Type Dth Inj. PrD CrD High Temp* Totals: 0 0 O.00K O.00K BRAZORIA (ZONE) 06/26/1999 Heat 0 0 O.00K O.00K BRAZORIA (ZONE) 08/01/1999 Heat 0 0 O.00K O.00K 105 BRAZORIA (ZONE) 07/06/2000 Heat 0 0 O.00K O.00K 103 BRAZORIA (ZONE) 08/29/2000 Heat 0 0 O.00K O.00K 107 BRAZORIA (ZONE) 09/01/2000 Heat 0 0 O.00K O.00K 108 BRAZORIA (ZONE) 06/24/2009 Heat 0 0 O.00K O.00K 105 INLAND AND COASTAL 06/09/2019 Heat 0 0 O.00K O.00K 108 BRAZORIA (ZONE) Totals: 0 0 O.00K O.00K *High Temperatures are from Houston or Brazoria County depending on the data available. According to the Houston Sugarland Memorial Station, the closest local weather data collection center with comprehensive data, the mean number of days with a daily maximum temperature equal or greater than 90°F is 118. In 2022, Pearland experienced several days with extreme heat, with a peak temperature of 105°. Figure H-7 and Figure H-8 presents data from 2009-2022 for the monthly number of days with Temperatures greater than 90°F and the Monthly Highest Temperatures. Figure H-7 Monthly Number of Days Max Temperature =>90°, Houston-Sugarland Memorial Station (NOAA, NWS 2023) Year Jan Feb Mar April May June Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual 2009 0 0 0 0 14 28 31 29 10 6 0 0 118 2010 0 0 0 0 12 25 23 31 15 2 1 0 109 2011 0 0 0 4 18 29 30 31 27 2 0 0 141 2012 0 0 0 0 9 25 20 31 17 4 0 0 106 2013 0 0 1 0 3 28 27 28 23 3 0 0 113 2014 0 0 0 1 2 24 27 25 18 6 0 0 103 2015 0 0 0 0 1 23 30 29 20 8 0 0 111 2016 0 0 0 0 1 20 30 19 21 7 0 0 98 2017 0 0 0 2 7 18 30 [j�� 9 0 0 112 2018 0 0 0 0 26 28 29 9 2 0 140 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 98 c Year Jan Feb Mar April May June Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual 2019 0 0 0 0 5 23 28 31 27 12 0 0 126 2020 0 0 0 3 12 24 25 30 18 8 0 0 120 2021 0 0 0 0 7 25 27 30 18 14 0 0 121 2022 0 0 0 3 22 29 30 28 24 7 0 0 143 Figure H-8 Monthly Highest Maximum Temperature, Houston-Sugarland Memorial Station (NOAA, NWS 2021) Year Jan Feb Mar April May June Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual 2009 83 85 85 88 93 104 102 103 94 93 79 75 104 2010 76 71 79 86 95 95 96 99 94 93 91 82 99 2011 77 82 86 92 97 103 101 108 102 90 88 82 108 2012 80 82 85 86 94 102 95 98 98 91 88 85 102 2013 82 79 91 84 93 106 99 102 100 92 85 81 106 2014 77 80 83 93 92 94 98 98 97 92 82 81 98 2015 79 81 83 88 92 95 101 104 94 94 86 85 104 2016 79 80 86 87 90 95 98 98 96 93 86 83 98 2017 82 87 87 91 93 96 100 99 94 94 89 81 100 2018 79 84 87 87 98 98 102 102 96 93 90 81 102 2019 79 81 86 89 92 95 98 100 98 94 83 84 100 2020 82 82 88 92 94 96 99 99 98 94 97 82 99 2021 80 84 86 89 92 98 99 98 98 93 86 86 99 2022 86 85 87 90 96 102 105 100 99 97 89 84 105 Southeast Texas is currently experiencing record temperatures throughout the summer of 2023. However, data from 2023 is not yet available from the NOAA NCEI database. The Office of The Texas State Climatologist provides weekly and monthly reports of climate information to the public to better understand the climate impacts on Texas. In the 8-19-203 Weekly Climate Summary, the report states, "8/13/2023-8/19/2023 - Temperatures were above average across Texas. The warmest locations had temperature averages above 90 degrees Fahrenheit with the highest average recorded at 95.0 degrees in Val Verde County. The majority of the state had temperatures between 85 and 90 degrees while the Panhandle and Far West Texas fell below 85 degrees. The coolest weekly average was 77.1 degrees in Lipscomb County. Temperatures across the state were above normal, with some areas reaching almost 5 degrees above normal. The northern part of the Panhandle was the exception with average temperatures near and slightly below normal."(Website: Weekly Climate Summary: 08/19/2023 (tamu.edu)). The figure below, Temperature Anomaly compares the average temperature from 1991-2020 normal temperatures to the month of August 2023 temperatures that shows that the Pearland area (in yellow circle) is approximately 3 to 6 degrees hotter than in previous years. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 99 c Figure H-9 Texas Mean Temperature Analogy, Texas Climatologist Monthly Report Mean Temperature Anomaly (F) August 2023 vs 1991 2020 Nor iu'- i, s 1' f � I �Y -�. +� o W 4 YF' l� _ r k —9 Future Occurrence The probability of future events can be determined by assessing historical averages. Since extreme heat occurs on a regional scale, it is assumed that Pearland experienced the same or very similar conditions to the Houston-Sugarland Memorial Station. Based on the NOWData, Sugarland can expect approximately 118 days of 90' or greater temperatures. As extreme heat events have occurred every year since 2000, the probability of extreme heat affecting the community is 100% in any given year and considered highly likely. Extent The National Weather Service(NWS)maintains a Heat Index which helps provide information on perceived heat and dangers of exposure considering the relationship between air temperature and relative humidity. Using the Houston, Sugarland Hull Field Airport for the week of July 10-14, 2023 provided the humidity(47°) and the temperature (98°). The Heat Index for that day made it feel like it was between 109 and 113 degrees. (Figures HIO and HIl) City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 100 1 1 '� Figure H-10 July 10-14, 2023 Conditions—Hull Field Airport Current Wrldift is at Houston,Sugar Land Municipal I Hull Field Airport(KSGR) Let:29.62.N Lon:9566`W El—Bad F Humldrry a9% oca More Information: wiu m O^ ph Ll Forecast orrice 98 1` 13aromeI.,2 M ut(1012 2 our, WeLocal Nls 3 Dewpo nt 76T(24°C) 3 Day HiHi lory Bisihillry 10.DO mi Mobile Weaher Heat Index 112'F("-C) Hourly Weather Forecast Last update 12 Jul 253 pm CDT Extended Forecast for Sugar Land TX �awn�a.n.:,.eeaweeaw.,e-oe i Thursday 7YrtMq Fillry Friday Saturday Saturday aylya Night Night M � lablim 19rfm ■ Excessive Hot Partly Cloudy Hot Partly Cloudy Hot Mostly Clear Hot Most)Clear Heat Warning IVi,l+1cn-r i� r+ipli'.1n0-F I :. H"li Ill F High:102°F Low'.lE Figure H-11 Heat Index Table Temperature (F) 90 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 95 98 100 102 104 106 108 110 40 80 81 83 85 88 91 94 97 101 105 100 114 110 124 45 80 82 84 87 89 98 96 100 104 109 114 1 1 9 124� 50 81 83 85 88 91 95 99 103 108 113 118 124 55 81 84 86 89 93 97 101 106 112 117" 124 60 82 84 88 91 95 100 105 110 116 123 E 65 82 85 89 93 98 103 108 114 121 1: 70 83 86 90 95 100 105 112 119 > 75 84 88 92 97 103 109 116 124 80 84 89 94 100 106 113 121 85 85 90 96 102 110 117 90 86 91 98 105 111 95 86 93 100 108 11 100 87 95 103 The maximum probable extent the City can expect is considered severe/extreme which corresponds to the NWS classifications of"Danger" and "Extreme Danger" as shown on Figure H-12, however that will likely increase as the effects of climate change worsen, causing higher temperatures more frequently and for longer periods of time. Impact The NWS also posts the impact of prolonged exposure to Extreme Heat as shown in Figure H-12. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 101 e Figure H-12 Impact of Prolonged Extreme Heat Exposure Likelihood of Heat Disorders with Prolonged Exposure or Strenuous Activity ❑ t ❑ t-xtreme Caution ❑ Lia Caution 8U"F - Fal ue possible with prolonged ex 90•F W p pe exposure and or physical actrvrty Extreme 90•F- Heat stroke.heat cramps,or fleet exhaustion possible with Caution 103°F prolonged exposure and or physical activity 12I"F Heat., Ystroke P�If µ possible' -M Within the City of Pearland, Extreme Heat risks to people and property cannot be distinguished by area; the hazard is reasonably predicted to have uniform probability of occurrence across the entire City. All people and assets are considered to have the same degree of exposure. Older and lower- income populations are generally presumed to be more vulnerable to the effects of very high temperatures, because they are either physically less capable of tolerating heat, or do not have air conditioning, or both.Excessive heat also places increased demands on the electrical power system and excessive usage could cause power outages. Power outages obviously impact those areas that lose power and can potentially impact vulnerable populations like the elderly, the young and the economically disadvantaged. Based on U.S. Census Quick Facts (In order for all the category data to be compared in the same year, Table AD used Pearland's 2022 population), the City of Pearland's vulnerable population is comprised of approximately 3 3,13 3 people. Figure H-13 is FEMA's Risk Index for Heatwave for Pearland Census Tract 60302 indicating it is relatively low. Figure H-13 FEMA Risk Index for Heave Wave—Pearland Census Track 60302 + © ;1f D.dg1Y• lege.N FaMpuaYe Ywy... .vmr-yis itw Wwe IMMw+y II eq—runclve w+"•�Y lnO5f0e .v ^ l� 4.larveiv lJ • City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 102 e Table AD - Pearland Population Breakdown Population —2022 100% 126,949 Persons under 5 8.1% 10,283 Persons 65 and older 10.9% 13,837 Persons with a Disability (under 65) 4.3% 5,458 Persons in Poverty 2.8% 3,555 TOTAL 26.1% 33,133 Climate Change The Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) created a Climate Portal to provide scientifically supported information regarding climate change to the public. It states: Climate change has led to about 1.8°F(1°C)of average global warmingso.far. We emphasize the word "average"because this slight rise in average temperatures can cause a much steeper rise in record highs and very hot days. In recent years, weather stations around the world are recording a growing number of extreme heat events and record-high temperatures. Climate change is also making the world more humid on average.Hot, humid days don't just feel muggier than dry days they are also more dangerous. The human body cools itself by sweating, and if the air is too humid, sweat cannot evaporate and the body will keep getting hotter. This condition can quickly lead to_fatal heat stroke for people who cannot get to a cooler place. (Source: Extreme Heat I TWIT Climate Portal) Social Vulnerability Extreme heat is most dangerous to young children, the elderly, and people with medical conditions like heart disease. Also at higher risk are people who work outdoors,people with no access to air conditioning or other ways to cool down. See Table AD under impact where it discusses the socially vulnerable in Pearland. Overall Vulnerability To estimate potential dollar value of losses to existing buildings, the City of Pearland evaluated the prior loss data from the NCEI database. Pearland considers the extreme heat hazard as highly likely to impact the City on an annual basis. The most probable upper range of temperatures is approximately 110 degrees Fahrenheit. The extreme heat hazard affects all residential and commercial building types about equally within the planning area, although it is the population rather than the built environmental that is mostly likely to suffer the effects of extreme heat. Community assets at risk include the power grid, people, specifically vulnerable populations, quality of life, and infrastructure (roads and pipes). The City also actively monitors employee health during extreme heat events. None of the events identified in the NCEI database caused any prior property damage. Due to the fact that there is no record of any historical building damage as a result of extreme heat, the estimated annual dollar value damage to existing or future buildings due to extreme heat is negligible. While the NCEI does not show any reported deaths or injuries due to extreme heat, it is likely that some fatalities or injuries have occurred that were associated with the extreme heat hazard but not recorded as such. The overall significance of extreme heat in Pearland is considered high. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 103 c Flooding UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. Hazard Description Flood When rainfall runoff collects in rivers, creeks, and streams and exceeds the capacity of drainage channels to flow water through the watershed, floodwaters overflow stream banks and flood adjacent lands. Floods result from rain events, whether short and intense or prolonged and less intense. In recent years, most flooding in Pearland has been associated with storms that originate as hurricanes and tropical storms that subsequently move inland. Floods have been, and continue to be, the most frequent, destructive, and costly natural hazard facing the State of Texas. Ninety percent of the State's damage reported due to major disasters is associated with floods. Records indicate that the streams draining Pearland have flooded throughout the City's history. Most recently, since 1990 Pearland has been impacted by seven significant flood events including: 1994, 1998, 2001, 2005, 2008, 2017, and 2020. Location - Flood The location of the 1% (100-year) and 0.2% (500-year) annual chance event floodplains for the City of Pearland are shown in Figure H-14. These are the locations within the planning area that are at greatest risk of flooding, with the darker blue subject to the greatest risk. The two maps are nearly identical, but single map was insufficient to adequately depict the entirety of the City, so each are shown to highlight the eastern and western portions of the City. There are 9,927 NFIP policies in force throughout the City, insuring structures, and contents at a value of$3,297,018.00. About 75% of those NFIP polices are in the SFHA. The geographic area affected is considered Significant. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 104 ,a,Sy' LL. . A3N.�OJ QW o ON i"Jo PA 4 ' OLD ALVIN Y(� '�h�•1 CT O~i � �I y � _ HATFIELD RD RD .P.KEY.0 - 8 0 c r � I } o vi 1 _ _ RD F\e J `'I yr � sn FM 1128 pp z � J LL -� ON X ild co W Q Q O nNE RD c N Q � CULLEN PKWY Pb nP.(e o 9 I Q [y C } p O J LL W { to CR 90 �i.tf r.'o S:i Z 0 - ' a a 3 0 ❑La {.� O ILL LEE 5IZ 1NES4 CE,yTER OR �y 8❑ n:. 1 J v HooPar RP- _ N ae,aea,4e L i a Ho 13lSp NIN CR 48 e9evor:Re p TA Q � I Z o�> a a _ W X / rc ° a)a L O a ITS L X© Knnsas s` L 0 U c Previous Occurrences The NCEI Storm Events Database only lists flood events from 1996 to present. The listed flood events show location and or a description of damages within Pearland. The NCEI indicates that between 1996 and 2022 there were 20 flood events that impacted the City of Pearland. The NCEI database only kept track of events prior to 1996, although presumably occurrences follow the same pattern and frequency as shown in the NCEI list, but it is assumed that flooding followed similar patterns in the past. For these events, the NCEI database reported no deaths or injuries and a total of$723,386,000 in damages. It is important to note, however, that there were a number of flood- related fatalities in the surrounding communities so there is a potential risk of loss of life, which as calculated by FEMA BCA guidance amounts to approximately $7.5 million each. Note that U.S. DOT estimates that the valuation of a statistical life in economic analysis is $12.5 million in 2022. Table AE summarizes the 20 events that have occurred in the City of Pearland, including four events that occurred since the last version of this Plan. Table AE -Flood Events in the City of Pearland 1996—2022 (Source: NOAA/NCEI) Location Date Dth In' Damage Event Descri tion Countywide* 1/27/1997 0 0 $5,000 Street Flooding Countywide* 4/25/1997 0 0 $10,000 Street Flooding North 1/4/1998 0 0 $7 000 Street Flooding portion* ' Pearland 1/6/1998 0 0 $2,000 Street Flooding Tropical Storm Allison -In Pearland, hundreds of residences were flooded. Countywide* 6/5/2001 0 0 $22.2Million** High winds and wind driven rain caused water intrusion at the Green Tee Number 1 air- lift station North 8/31/2001 0 0 $500,000 Water reported in some portion* homes Pearland 4/8/2002 0 0 $5,000 Street Flooding Pearland 5/17/2002 0 0 $1,000 Street Flooding Countywide* 9/10/2002 0 0 $30,000 Countywide flooding Pearland 10/24/2002 0 0 $75,000 Water within two feet of entering homes Countywide* 11/5/2002 0 0 $35,000 Street Flooding Northeast 12/4/2002 0 0 $2,000 Flooding in extreme portion* northeast portion of County Pearland 11/17/2003 0 0 $5,000 Flooding across northern Brazoria Count Countywide* 9/12/2008 0 0 $700 Million** Ike damaged approximately two thousand homes and City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 106 c Location Date Dth In' Damage Event Description businesses and created citywide power outages. Pearland 4/24/2009 0 0 $1,000 Street Flooding Pearland 4/17/2015 0 0 $8,000 Street Flooding Pearland 8/20/2015 0 0 $0 Street Flooding Pearland 3/29/2017 0 0 $0 Street Flooding Harvey— There were 1674 homes that experienced flood damage and there were 450 substantial damage letters sent out to residents. Approximately 27 City of Pearland buildings were Pearland 8/26/2017 0 0 $2 Billion damaged by Hurricane Harvey, mostly related to floodwater intrusion and rain that entered damaged buildings and caused water damage to walls, ceiling tiles, roof membranes, building contents, and floors. Tropical Storm Beta - Street flooding observed. Multiple roads on Pearland flooded due to 10"rainfall, inundated streets barricaded to preclude access. High water reported on Halbert from Woody to Cherry Street. Pearland declared a state of local disaster in response to Estimated at Tropical Storm Beta. Pearland 9/21/2020 Rainfall dissipated, flood $1,021,164*** waters receded, IMT demobilized. Rainfall totaled 13". 27 buildings were reported damaged. 25 residential properties were impacted by floodwater, primarily in three areas: Twin Creek(16), Sleepy Hollow (7), and McHardy (2). Damage to 7 properties was classified as "Affected" City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 107 c Location Date Dth In' Damage Event Description and 18 as "Minor". No residential structures met the criteria for major damage or destroyed. 2 commercial properties were impacted, and damage was classified as "Affected". 0 0 $723,386,000 *Damage estimates.for "Countywide, North Portion and Northeast portion"are not specific to Pearland, but the entire area affected from those floods. **A portion of the estimated damages for Tropical Storm Allison and Hurricane Ike are due to wind, but the exact amount is unknown Future Probability The City of Pearland has experienced 20 flood events between 1996 and 2022. 20 events reported over 27 years suggests a flood occurs approximately every 1.35 years on average, many of those have been limited to street flooding and costs confined to debris removal while more rare events result in severe property damage. The future probability is considered Likely. Flood Extent Flood severity is measured in various ways, including frequency, depth, velocity, duration, and contamination, among others. In Pearland, characterizing the severity of the flood hazard depends on what part of the City is being considered, but the issues relate to how often floods occur. Floods are and continue to be the most frequent, destructive, and costly natural hazard facing the City of Pearland. Flash floods almost always result from rains associated with hurricanes and tropical storms. The planning area also experiences the second greatest frequency of thunderstorms in the United States and is conducive to frequent, heavy rainfall—which typically results in an annual rainfall of over 50 inches. The flooding problems in the City are considered severe in some areas. The flat terrain, clay soils and impervious surfaces found in this area exacerbate the flood problem. In the City, there are 10,669 active flood insurance policies, 75% of which insure structures within the floodplain. Flooding can occur during any month of the year in Pearland; however, the greatest likelihood of the occurrence is mid-summer to early winter. Mid-summer flooding (July, August, and September) is most likely to result from tropical storm and hurricane development. Flooding in the fall to early winter(October,November,and December)usually results from stationary weak cold fronts. Pearland has been actively pursuing projects to reduce the severity of flooding in the area. Several properties in this area took advantage of the buyout program through FEMA grants after Tropical Storm Allison in 2001. In addition, the City and BDD4 bought several properties after Hurricane City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 108 c Harvey in 2017. The City also received a FEMA FMA grant to elevate five properties that flooded during Hurricane Harvey. There is potential for the City to pursue future mitigation grants GAUGE VERSES GAGE for acquisitions if there is enough interest and the structures qualify. The City has also completed several major drainage improvement projects such as Town Ditch Improvement, East Mary's Creek sub-regional detention pond, Cowarts Creek There are two ways the Diversion and regional detention pond, Max Road regional instrument usedcollect detention pond as well as street drainage system improvement technical measurements for projects like projects like the Corrigan Subdivision drainage rainfall amounts and water improvement, Old Town Site drainage improvements, etc. to levels in bayous name some of the projects recently undertaken to reduce floodare spelled ' ge and risk. Gauge. These instruments also measure air The maximum probable extent of a future flood is considered temperature, barometric extreme. pressure, humidity, ' • temperature • wind To assist with the City's early flood warning capabilities, speed , • direction. Pearland installed stream gauges that were subsequently transferred to the Brazoria Drainage District 4 (BDD4) in Harris CountyFlood August 2017. In 2018 BDD4, using a Memorandum of Control uses the spelling Understanding (MOU) with the City of Pearland and an Inter- "Gage" • •- consistent local agreement with the Harris County Flood Control District, with that commonly -• in installed 10 new rain/storm gauges throughout the District. technical reportsand by the BDD4 removed the old gauges that the City of Pearland United States Geological transferred and replaced them with the newest technology in Survey (USGS). The Harris order to give residents real-time monitoring of local streams County Flood and bayous. The data includes water levels, rainfall amount, District and the USGS historical flooding data, a visual cross-section of the associated house data collection drainage channel, and our benchmark information at each devices gauge station. The gauges link to the Harris County Flood and use the same water- Control (HCFCD) network and provide the public with a user- level measuringdevices friendly format to access the flood warning system, which approximately measures rainfall and monitors water levels in bayous and IS• gage major streams on a real-time basis to inform the public of throughout dangerous weather conditions. There are total of 19 gauges, 11 network. located in Pearland and its ETJ area and 7 located near but outside of the Pearland area. The City of Pearland and BDD4 • _ The stations contain sensors that transmit observed "Gauge", as it is the environmental data during times of heavy rainfall, tropical preferred spelling for topics storms, and hurricanes. Some gauges also measure wind speed regarding measurement, and direction, barometric pressure, air temperature, road estimation, or mathematics. temperature and humidity. Additionally, the City also owns and maintains six weather stations, which can be accessed via City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 109 c a link on the Engineering and Public Works Department website and can also be viewed on Davis WeatherLink website and mobile application. The stream gauges in the Pearland vicinity located on Clear Creek, Mary's Creek, Cowart Creek, Chigger Creek, Beamer Ditch and Turkey Creek are maintained by the Brazoria Drainage District 4 and are depicted in Figure H-15 below. Figure H-15 Rain Gauges, City of Pearland FALMEDA eea —rs f xe aN W c0.tt � G v G � � a Ar Ob A ago.ow..a. .Ra. r R. x.°no,,.r.wy ..ono xo CITY OF PE:1RL:1ND Gd— These gauges show real time data including water level indicating how far water is below the bank and expected water elevation for a 10-year, 50-year, 100-year and 500-year event. They also indicate stream depth during various storms at the gage location. The tables below represent the Clear Creek gage at Country Club Drive (the gage indicated by the red arrow). The top of the bank for this part of Clear Creek is 36.00 Feet. The historic worst-case scenario was observed during Hurricane Harvey where the flood gage on Clear Creek reached 40.30"which is below the 500 year flood frequency (.2%) It is important to note the City mitigates new construction and fill up to the 500 year or .2% storm which is greater than the historic worst case scenario. Table AF - Flood Water Elevation and Frequency - Clear Creek Gage at Country Club Dr. Source: Harris County Flood Control District—Flood Warning System Flood Frequency Elevation 10% (10-year) 36.40' 2% (50-year) 38.30' City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 110 c 1% (100-year) 39.10' .2% (500-year) 40.80' Table AG- Historical Storm Water Elevation for the Clear Creek Gage at Country Club Dr. Harris County Flood Control District—Flood Warning System Date Event Elevation* (Top of Bank 36.00') 10/16/2006 35.70' 8/16/2008 Erin 32.40' 9/13/2008 Ike 33.90' 4/18/2009 34.10' 8/27/2017 Harvey 40.30' 9/21/2020 Beta 36.40' *High water elevations are approximate As noted by Table AG, Hurricane Harvey pushed flood waters more than four feet over the top of the bank at this location. Many of the other gages show similar data, with a few gages showing some of the above storms other than Harvey also exceeding the stream banks. Impact The following describes the inventory counts for buildings in the City of Pearland. Table AH -Residential Units within the City of Pearland (2021 Census Data) Type Number of Structures Total Housing Units 43,012 (including apartments) Mobile/Manufactured Homes 890 Occupied Housing Units 42,122 Table Al- Commercial and Public Units within the City of Pearland (BCAD and City of Pearland) Type Number of Structures Commercial Buildings 1,128 Public 145 Buildings/Infrastructure Flood insurance policies and claims information can be used to identify buildings in mapped floodplains (where lenders require insurance) and where flooding has occurred(where owners are City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 111 c sufficiently concerned that they purchase flood insurance even if not required). This characterization of flood risk is described below. Data provided by FEMA indicate that as of September 20, 2022, 10,669 federal flood insurance policies were in-force, with paid claims at a value of$124,730,958. This indicates an increase of 3,293 insurance policies since the 2019 plan update. These insurance policies are administered by the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). FMA Repetitive Loss Properties FEMA further classifies properties based on the number and cost of claims as Repetitive Loss or Severe Repetitive Loss policies as defined below. It is important to note, that all Severe Repetitive Loss properties are also Repetitive Loss properties. However, to understand the impact of each classification, this analysis breaks those out separately. There are 78 Repetitive Loss structures and 92 Severe Repetitive Loss structures in Pearland. Of those 92 Severe Repetitive Loss properties, only 55 are insured and thus, 37 properties or 40 percent are not insured. 56 of the 78 Repetitive Loss Properties are currently insured and thus, approximately 28 percent are not insured. In recent years, FEMA has focused considerable attention on the Repetitive Loss (RL) subset of insured buildings. These properties have incurred flood-related damage on two occasions,in which the cost of the repair, on the average, equaled or exceeded 25 percent of the market value of the structure at the time of each such flood event. FEMA's database identifies 78 properties as RL properties in Pearland(this number includes properties with active flood insurance policies as well as those with inactive policies). Note that the RL properties below do not include those listed as mitigated or SRL on FEMA's Database. Collectively, they had received claim payments of over $13.2 million (includes payments for building damage and contents damage). As of September 20, 2022, there are a total of 170 repetitive loss properties. As SRL properties are a subset of RL properties, the data was analyzed separately but to see the breakdown of the 170 is as follows: Breakdown of 170 RL Residential Non-Residential RL 78 0 SRL 88 4 TOTAL 166 4 As of September 20, 2022, repetitive loss statistics for areas within Pearland showed 78 Repetitive Loss properties. Of this total, all 78 were categorized as residential properties. In addition to the repetitive loss properties, the City designated 72 repetitive loss areas which included a total of 862 properties. While not all of these properties have experienced repetitive loss, due to the proximity to properties with repetitive loss, they are deemed a higher risk. In the Repetitive Loss Area Analysis provided to City Council in July 2023, the analysis stated that: City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 112 c The Team designated 72 RLAs, with each RLA containing at least 2 properties and 13 sub-sections named and based on geographic cluster location for a total of 862 properties. These 862 include FEMA's repetitive loss properties plus adjacent or nearby properties that may be susceptible to the same cause of flooding. While many of the nearby structures have no history of flooding, it is a safe assumption that they are at a higher risk based on their proximity to channels, drainage system features, age and/or foundation of the structure, or other factors. (City of Pearland Repetitive Loss Area Analysis, July 2023,p. 6) Table AJ summarizes the RL Statistics for the City of Pearland (SRL properties are broken out and analyzed separately). Table AJ-RL Statistics for the City of Pearland (Source: FEMA, 2022) Properties Building Contents Total # of Average Payments Payments claims 78 $10,062,907.95 $3,186,229.00 $13,249,136.95 204 $64,946.75 Pearland has an extensive history of repetitive loss flood claims, so it is possible to perform a relatively simple statistical risk assessment using average annual losses and a present value coefficient calculation to project losses over a planning horizon.Residential flood risk is calculated by a simple methodology that uses the FEMA default present-value coefficients from the benefit- cost analysis software modules. To perform this calculation, the repetitive loss data were reviewed to determine an approximate period over which the claims occurred. This method should not be used for risk assessments for individual properties because of the generalizations that are used, but the method is appropriate for larger numbers of properties and policies that are spread over an entire jurisdiction. It is presumed that more accurate figures would be somewhat higher because the underlying statistics are for properties that had flood insurance, were flooded, and had paid claims. There are some properties in a jurisdiction that are flooded in big events, and do not have flood insurance (or did not make claims) and are thus not represented in the sample. Most of the flood claims in this query occurred between 1979 and 2022, a period of 44 years. Table AK summarizes the projected 100-year risk to all RL and SRL properties. Based on a 100- year horizon and a present value coefficient of 14.27 (the coefficient for 100 years using the mandatory Office of Management and Budget(OMB) discount rate of 7.0 percent), the projected flood risk to these properties is shown at the bottom of the table. FEMA guidance defines net present value as"The benefits of a mitigation measure that are counted into the future (for the duration of the project useful life) and then discounted using an OMB- established discount rate." When we take the historical losses of$13,249,136.95 experienced over a 44-year period, we derived annualized losses of$301,116.75. We then determine the net present City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 113 c value of annualized losses of$301,116.75 over a hundred-year period by applying a net coefficient of 14.27. This results in a calculated net present value of a $301,116.75 annual loss to be $4,296,936.02. To understand the present value of$4,296,936.02, this is the dollar amount required today with a 7% interest rate to pay for the damages of$13,249,136.95 into the future. It must be understood that individuals can obtain and cancel flood insurance policies, and the flood hazard depends on many variables, including the weather, so this projection is simply an estimate of potential damages. Therefore,if not mitigated,the net present value of projected flood risk over a 100-year timeframe is $4,296,936.02. While it is an estimate, it offers a useful metric that can be used in assessing the potential cost effectiveness of mitigation actions. Table AK—Projected 100-year Flood Risk in Pearland to Repetitive Loss Properties (Source: FEMA NFIP query September 2022) Data Value Period in years 44 Number of claims 204 Average claims per year 4.64 Total value of claims $13,249,136.95 Average value of claims per year $301,116.75 Projected risk, 100-year horizon $4,296,936.02 Non-Residential Repetitive Loss Properties As noted earlier, as of September 2022, Pearland had 0 non-residential repetitive loss properties in the NFIP database. NFIP SEVERE REPETITIVE LOSS PROPERTIES In 2004 FEMA began to develop the Severe Repetitive Loss (SRL) Grant Program to reduce or eliminate flood damages to residential properties that met certain minimum requirements. FEMA initiated the program early in 2008. The SRL Grant Program has since been included in the FMA Grant Program, with SRL properties being a top priority. An SRL property is defined as a residential property that is covered under an NFIP flood insurance policy and: • has at least four NFIP claim payments (including building and contents) over$5,000 each, and the cumulative amount of such claims payments exceeds $20,000; or City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 114 e • for which at least two separate claims payments (building payments only) have been made with the cumulative amount of the building portion of such claims exceeding the market value of the building. SRL properties are a subset of the RL list but were not included in the analyses above. As of September 2022, Pearland had 92 properties on the SRL list, 88 of which are residential and 55 are insured. This suggests that only 60% of Pearland's SRL properties are protected by flood insurance and 40% are not, despite their documented history of repetitive flood loss. Note that if this ratio were applied to the 862 repetitive loss determined by the RLAA it would suggest that Pearland has approximately 345 repetitive flood loss properties that are not protected by flood insurance. This is important because many of these repetitive flood loss properties are unprotected which has direct implications for recovery of the Pearland community. Table AL provides loss estimates for SRL properties in Pearland as calculated by FEMA and the NFIP. Table AL - SRL Statistics for the City of Pearland (Source: FEMA, 2022) Properties Building Payments Contents Total # of Average Payments claims 92 $17,469,835.31 $5,741,937.41 $23,211,772.72 497 $46,703.77 It should be noted that some of the properties on this list may be at far greater flood risk than indicated, because there may have been periods where the owner(s) did not carry flood insurance, with the result that they may have been damaged but there is no record of it. This type of analysis is not totally conclusive. It would be possible to perform relatively simple engineering studies to better assess risks for properties with just a few claims, but where data suggests that sites may be vulnerable to additional flood-related losses. The information in this section should be used for planning purposes only, i.e., as the basis for additional steps in risk assessment, and eventually (where warranted) targeted mitigation actions to reduce the risk. Table AM—Projected 100-year Flood Risk in Pearland to Severe Repetitive Loss Areas (Source: FEMA NFIP query September 2022) Data Value Period in years 44 Number of claims 497 Average claims per year 11.29 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 115 c Total value of claims $23,211,772.72 Average value of claims per year $527,540.29 Projected risk, 100-year horizon $7,527,999.94 Flood Risks—Public Buildings The City of Pearland has 38 Facilities, see Table AN. Based on a review of the FIRM, 31 of the 38 facilities are in Zone X — outside the 500-year floodplain. There are 3 facilities located in the Shaded X portion of the FIRM—within the 500-year floodplain(Tom Reid Library at 3522 Liberty Dr, Fire Station #1 at 1571 Old Alvin Rd, and Fire Station 48 at 12255 Shadow Creek Pkwy). There are 4 addresses that are located within the 100-year floodplain (Fire Administration at 2703 Veterans Dr., Public Works Satellite Service Center (Traffic) at 2559 Hillhouse Rd., Recreation Center &Natatorium at 4141 Bailey Rd., and Bailey/Southeast Water Well at 3945 Wells Drive). Although these buildings are within the 100-year floodplain, the risk is mitigated because each are elevated at least one foot above the base flood elevation. Table AN- Pearland Public Buildings City Buildings Street Address Animal Control 8311 Freedom Dr. City Hall 3519 Liberty Dr. City Hall Annex 3523 Liberty Dr. Fire Administration 2703 Veterans Dr(100-year) Tom Reid Library 3522 Liberty Dr. (500-year) Melvin Knapp Senior Center 2424 South Park Ave. Public Works Service Center 3501 East Orange Public Works Service Center(New) 2016 Old Alvin Rd. Public Works Satellite Service Center(Traffic) 2559 Hillhouse Rd. (100-year) Public Works Fleet Bldg. 2040 Old Alvin Public Works Facility Bldg. 3509 East Orange Westside Events Center 2150 Country Place Pkwy. West Pearland Library(New) 11801 Shadow Creek Pkwy. Fire Station#1 1571 Old Alvin Rd. (500-year) Fire Station#2 6050 Fite Rd. Fire Station#3 3207 Yost Fire Station#4 8325 Freedom Dr. Fire Station#5 3100 Kirby Fire Station#8 12255 Shadow Creek Pkwy. (500-year) Recreation Center&Natatorium 4141 Bailey Rd. (100-year) City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 116 c �''Cit Buildin s l Street Address Stella Roberts Recycling Center 5800 Magnolia.Pkwy. Deloris Fenwick Nature Center 5750 Magnolia Pkwy. Public Safety Building 2555 Cullen Pkwy. Barry Rose WWTP Administration Bldg. 1902.5 Barry Rose St. Longwood WWTP Administration Bldg. 2727 Dixie Farm Rd. John Hargrove WWTP Administration Bldg. 3423 Harkey Reflection Bay WWTP Administration Bldg. 1818 Reflection Bay Dr. South Down WWTP Administration Bldg. 3711 Soho Dr. Alice Water Well Administration Bldg. 3702 Alice St. Garden Rd. Water Well Administration Bldg. 13711 Garden Rd. McLean Water Well Administration Bldg. 2838 McLean Rd.. Magnolia Water Well Administration Bldg. 3812 Magnolia Rd. Liberty Water Well Administration Bldg. 3503 Liberty Dr. FM518 Water Well Administration Bldg. 1801 E. Broadway Cullen Water Well Administration Bldg. 2529 Cullen Bailey/SE Water Well Administration Bldg. 3945 Wells Dr.(100-year) Southdown Water Well Administration Bldg. 1003 E. Belgravia Kirby Water Well Administration Bldg. 3110 Kirby Dr. Figure H-16 shows the overlap of critical facilities in the floodplain. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 117 _ ram\oJ MH lY ry p � � afiesF AtW � " J r�- �7l di �J N J Od J J 121 0 IL�'A N J lL 06 R D W d - w ®� FJ fll [II d .� LL �jI _ 0 0 to g J00 AY RD I .� a o MAX-.n �.. 'r rrTT�� mi -r ( � LL •^y j J J w J ® J Y N U O J y In N H C (6 a) O d 0 O U Wastewater Treatment Plants. The City of Pearland owns and operates five wastewater treatment facilities and associated sewage collection systems and treats 100 percent of wastewater collected. The current permitted total capacity of the plants is 11.55 million gallons per day (MGD). The existing City-wide sanitary sewage system consists of approximately 448 miles of collection lines, 9,936 manholes, and 71 sanitary sewerage lift stations. The system relies on gravity and pumping to move the wastewater to the treatment facilities. The City's Wastewater master plan shows the existing and projected future average daily flow(MGD) as seen in Figure H-17. Figure H-17—Summary of Existing and Projected Average Day Wastewater Flows (City of Pearland Wastewater Master Plan) MD 20Z5 Buildout(21742) Mly Awerale Daily Ht-flecCivn 2,93 3.20 4 13 o�bt�dox�r►+ 0 51'. 0.155 113 Barry Rose' 2.11 2,31 3.61 1.arrg+wood 1.{.; 1..71 1_$a 4.02, 5-46 $ mie 3.17 4.12 6_67 h by Tire City is p1w ning to send Walnut l ift 51atlon flows to the garrr Rose WRF in the future.7t%ese rluer*ers include Walnut Lift Station service area flown l21 Average dimly flow from glow monitoring data. [3�Prpjrc ed averagr daily flmv cakvlatrd usir s pla n ne ng:-rarrea M P)Or and�50 Spad„ 14)5outhdown ZC@D average d�ailw flow based on hlstancal DOOR data. When gravity is insufficient, lift stations are used. Major wastewater system components are described below: • Longwood Water —Built in 1965, expanded in 1985, and again in 2000. Flooding from Tropical Storm Allison inundated the surrounding area to a depth of 5-6" but no flooding occurred in the plant and there were no service disruptions. Nonetheless,the City maintains an emergency response plan for this facility. A primary emergency generator provides backup power, and a contract is in place with an environmental contractor for emergency response for spills. Liquid Bleach (Chlorine) and Liquid Sodium Bisulfite are stored on- site. The plant reached the limits of its capacity and there are six phases in progress to City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 119 0-1 redirect the flows from the Longwood facility to the Barry Rose and John Hargrove reclamation facilities. Full decommissioning of this facility is scheduled in 2025. • John Hargrove Environmental Complex (JHEC) - Southwest Environmental Center (SWEC) will be renamed to John Hargrove Environmental Center with the next permit update. This chemical-free facility,which began service on April 26, 2000,has its own self- contained generator and has experienced no disruption of service. Emergency response is provided under a contract with Gardener environmental. This facility was online during and after Hurricane Harvey. • Barry Rose Water — Built in 1965, this facility was expanded in 1985 and again in 2000. The facility has an emergency response plan and emergency generator power. It has no history of disruption of service. Liquid bleach (Chlorine) and Liquid Sodium Bisulfite are stored on-site. During and after Hurricane Harvey, the facility was offline for three days. While it sustained flood damage, it is now fully operational. Major expansion at this facility to receive Longwood flows is anticipated to be completed by 2025. • Reflection Bay Water Reclamation Facility, called Far Northwest—This chemical-free plant was brought on-line in July 2003 and is equipped with a self-contained generator and is a chemical-free plant that had a 2 million gallons per day (MGD) capacity. A preliminary engineering report, completed in 2013,recommended an expansion of 4 MGD of treatment capacity, bringing the total plant capacity to 6 MGD to meet anticipated growth in the service area. Construction was completed in 2019. • Southdown WRF — This plant was acquired back in 2005. This plant has its own self- contained generator and has experienced no disruption of service. Liquid Bleach(Chlorine) is stored on-site. This facility was online during and after Hurricane Harvey. Southdown is anticipated to be redirected to Reflection Bay by 2026. Water Supply Facilities. The City's water supply is derived from three sources: Groundwater supply, Purchase Water Supply, and Surface Water Supply with a description of each: • Ground Water Supply: The City owns six water towers and ten water supply wells that provide the majority of the water supplied to City residents and businesses. • Purchase Water Supply: The City's secondary water supply is purchased from the City of Houston and supplied via two surface water connections. • Surface Water Supply: As the City's population increases, so does its water consumption. The City initiated a surface water treatment plant project that will eventually provide a potential 20 million gallons per day(MGD),thus reducing stress on our groundwater source. The plant will utilize advanced treatment (membranes) and plate settlers to reduce the overall footprint on land use, and recycling measures to assure efficiency in the production process. The surface water plant is currently in construction phase and scheduled for completion in 2023. The raw water source will be supplied by the American Canal system. The Gulf Coast Water Authority(GCWA) operates and maintains a 315-mile canal system, City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 120 0 an essential part of its water delivery infrastructure. These canals carry water from the Brazos River across Brazoria, Fort Bend, and Galveston counties into other GCWA infrastructure. Flood Risk—Public Schools. The Pearland Independent School District (ISD) operates 23 public schools and has six administration/facility buildings that support the Pearland community school system. Based on a review of the FIRM, 17, of the 23 schools are in Zone X— outside the 500-year floodplain. There are 5 schools located in the Shaded X portion of the FIRM — within the 500-year floodplain. The only address that is located within the 100-year floodplain is Berry Miller Junior High, located at 3301 Manvel Road. Although these school buildings are within the 100-year floodplain, their risk is mitigated because they are elevated at least one foot above the base flood elevation. While not part of the Pearland ISD,there are 9 other public schools located in Pearland but operated by different Independent Districts. Alvin Independent School District has 6 schools located in the Zone X floodplain—outside of the 500-year floodplain. The only address that is located within the 100-year floodplain is Nolan Ryan Junior High located at 11500 Shadow Creek Pkwy. Pasadena Independent School District has 2 schools that are both located in the Shaded X portion of the FIRM —within the 500-year floodplain but outside the 100-year floodplain. Figure H-18 shows the schools in relation to the floodplains and Table AO lists the schools by ISD. Figure H-18 Schools in Pearland in relation to Floodplain 8 A e , u g n � d a i r CITY OF PEARLAND AE m AY schools in Pearland and Flood plain gFaaae.na so A a,ron.win nooacain g aaar cnaiso g aeareia so AE mnE.F,000vxnr c.,, ..;�.®. g Fanerm so HRmworr Faaw ne.r,oxwiv ,•-. •••„••.. Frr,an zor+E.1000wAv At �Hgnn naene+c'Ol yr FboeD.m AEFIOOnWAY •.,,.-..r• ,•.. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 121 liiip Table AO- Name and Address of Schools Pearland Independent School District School Address H.C. Carleston Elementary 3010 Harkey Rd, Pearland, TX 77584 Challenger Elementary 9434 Hughes Ranch Rd, Pearland, TX 77584 Barbara Cockrell Elementary 3500 McHard Rd, Pearland, TX 77581 C.J. Harris Elementary 2314 Schleider Dr, Pearland, TX 77581 E.A. Lawhon Elementary 5810 Brookside Rd, Pearland, TX 77581 Magnolia Elementary 5350 Magnolia St, Pearland, TX 77584 Massey Ranch Elementary 3900 Manvel Rd, Pearland, Texas 77584 Rustic Oak Elementary 1302 Rustic Ln, Pearland, TX 77581 Shadycrest Elementary 2405 Shadybend Dr, Pearland, TX 77581 Silvercrest Elementary 3003 Southwyck Pkwy, Pearland, TX 77584 Silverlake Elementary 2550 County Rd. 90, Pearland, TX 77584 Alexander Middle School 3001 Old Alvin Rd, Pearland, TX 77581 Sam Jamison Middle School 2506 Woody Rd, Pearland, TX 77581 Rogers Middle School 3121 Manvel Rd, Pearland, TX 77584 Leon Sablatura Middle School 2201 N. Galveston Ave, Pearland, TX 77581 Berry Miller Junior High 3301 Manvel Rd, Pearland, Texas 77584 Pearland Junior High East 2315 Old Alvin Rd, Pearland, TX 77581 Pearland Junior High South 4719 Bailey Rd, Pearland, TX 77584 Pearland Junior High West 2337 N. Galveston Ave, Pearland, TX 77581 PACE Center 2314 Old Alvin Rd, Pearland, TX 77581 Glenda Dawson High School 2050 Cullen Blvd, Pearland, TX 77581 Pearland High School 3775 South Main St, Pearland, TX 77581 Robert Turner College & Career High School 4717 Bailey Rd, Pearland, TX 77584 Alvin Independent School District Glenn York Elementary 2720 Kingsley Dr, Pearland, TX 77584 Laura Ingalls Wilder Elementary 2225 Kingsley Dr, Pearland, TX 77584 Mary Burks Marek Elementary 1947 Kirby Dr, Pearland, TX 77584 Shirley Dill Brothers Elementary 2910 Half Moon Bay Dr, Pearland, TX 77584 Dr. Ronald E. McNair Junior High 2950 Kingsley Dr, Pearland, TX 77584 Nolan Ryan Junior High 11500 Shadow Creek Pkwy, Pearland, TX 77584 Shadow Creek High School 11850 Broadway St, Pearland, TX 77584 Pasadena Independent School District South Belt Elementary 1801 Riverstone Ranch Rd, Houston, TX 77089 Thompson Intermediate 8750 Hughes Rd, Houston TX 77089 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 122 0 Hospital and Nursing Homes. While not owned or operated by the City, the City nonetheless regards hospitals, nursing homes, and long-term residential care facilities to be critical facilities(e.g., Community Lifelines), essential to the well-being of City residents. There are 3 hospitals, 4 nursing homes, and approximately 18 assisting living and/or memory care facilities located in Pearland. These facilities house many of Pearland's most vulnerable residents, typically on a long-term basis. Flood Risks—City Assets Aside from City facilities,the City also owns other capital assets such as tractors,bulldozers, dump trucks, excavators and many other specialized vehicles. Those vehicles are typically stored outside the floodplain. However, some of these vehicles are often in use and at various project sites that may sit in a flood prone area. The City closely monitors the weather and takes proactive steps,when possible, to move vulnerable equipment to less exposed areas when equipment is being operated or staged in a flood prone area. Flood Risks—Roads Texas leads the nation in flood emergencies. Consequently, Texas also leads the nation in flood- related fatalities. Nationally, flooded roads pose the greatest threat to life during floods. Most of the more than 200 people who die in floods each year are lost when they attempt to drive through flooded-inundated roadways. Driving into flood water is the leading weather-related cause of death in Central Texas. Statewide, between 1960 and 1996, 76% of flood-related deaths were vehicle- related (Texas Environmental Center, online). As illustrated in Figure H-19, flood hazards vary with both water velocity and depth of floodwaters. Many cars will float in less than 24 inches of water. Fast-moving water can quickly wash cars off the road and wash out low sections of roadway which may be concealed from motorists. Floodwater also conceal other roadway hazards such as curbs, fire hydrants, guard rails, drainage ditches, and damaged or destroyed pavement,particularly at night. Flood Hazard Chart for Cars Figure H-19 Flood Hazard 4 Chart for Cars 3.5ZONE (Source: Downstream Hazard Classfication O 3 Guidelines) c 2.5 JUDGEMENT • O O LL LL = 1.5 r a W 1 0.5 LO -BAN E ------- 0 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 VELOCITY(fps) City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 123 Roadways and bridges within the city limits of Pearland include the following: 979 miles of city-maintained roadways 444 centerline miles 136.13 miles of roadway is located within the SFHA 54.82 miles of road and 5 large bridges are owned by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), including the following: SH 35; FM 518; FM 1128; FM 865; SH 288; and FM 2234. Three large bridges which cross BNSF railroads at Bailey Road, Magnolia Parkway and McHard Road. Although most roads in Pearland are at lower risk of being inundated with deep or fast-moving water during flood conditions at the level of the 100-year flood or less, many can and do experience nuisance flooding conditions on a regular basis. Table AP, prepared by Pearland's Engineering & Public Works Department, identifies those roads and intersections where flooding is more common and flood depth markings are installed as a result. Flood depth markings are installed on traffic signs for emergency rescue vehicles during flooding of the area. The high-water depth markers consist of reflective band of blue laminate place at a height of 30"measured from the gutter line of the street. In addition to the permanent flood warning signs, the city also maintains 50 portable high water-signs that can be temporarily deployed along roadways during severe storms to warn motorists of potential flooding hazards. In addition, the city utilizes digital message boards that can be deployed throughout the community to educate residents about hurricane season and preparedness. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 124 0 Table AP -Flood-Prone Roads and Intersections in Pearland with Flood Markings (Source: City of Pearland) Flood-Prone Roads Apple Springs & Mclean Neches River &Fite Rockland& S. Hatfield Carmona & S. Hatfield wa Piper Corrigan & W. Broad &W. Broadway g Y p Y Piper & Fite Cedar & Orange Cedar& Cherry Willow & Orange Willow & Cherry Mykawa& Orange ...............................................................................................................................................................:................................................................................................................................................................:.............................................................................................................................................................. Mykawa& Broadway Mykawa& Cherry Cherry & Pear Cherry &Peach Austin & Jasmine Francis &Woody Francis & W Broadway Halbert& Woody Halbert&W Broadway ...............................................................................................................................................................:................................................................................................................................................................:.............................................................................................................................................................. Cunningham & Woody Cunningham & W Broadway Lynn & Woody Lynn & W Broadway Plum &Briar Circle Plum &Linwood Oaks Y Y Plum &Yu en Circle Wheat Ridge & Robinson Union Valle & Robinson P g Y Bishopton & Robinson Union Valley & Lethbridge Glastonbury &Robinson Regal Oaks & E Broadway Patricia &E Broadway County Club & E Broadway Counts Club & Golf Crest Golf Crest & KilKenn Golf Crest & Green Tee S' Y Yost & Sleepy Hollow Taylor & Sleepy Hollow Creek Ridge & McGinnis SleepyHollow & Rip Van Washington Irvin &Rip Van Dixie Hollow &N. Dixie P g g P Winkle Winkle Faun SleepyHollow & Elm Hollow Wood Creek& Washington Wood Creek& Winding g g Irving Creek Mykawa & Clear Creek Crain & Washington Irvin Hamm & Lazy Creek Y g g Y Bridge Mykawa & KnappRd. Ryan Acres City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 125 0 When building new state roads or upgrading existing roads,TxDOT considers NFIP floodplain and floodway requirements to evaluate the impact of new and replacement structures. The City similarly considers floodplain and floodway impacts in its planning and design for City roads. Developers must satisfy the City's drainage criteria and other aspects of road designs in order for the City to accept ownership. Specific to reducing flood risks, the low chord of any new bridges must be at least one-foot above the Base Flood Elevation. Replacing roads and bridges damaged or washed out by floods costs millions of dollars each year. If the damage is caused by a federally declared disaster, FEMA historically reimburses to 75% of the repair or replacement costs, with the remaining 25% covered by the state and local governments. The full costs of a damaging event that is not declared a major disaster must be borne by the state and local communities. TxDOT inspects state bridges every two years for structural integrity and to determine if erosion is a risk. Where erosion has been identified, stabilization measures have been put into place. Flood Depth Markings Affixed to Stop Signs in Repetitive Loss Areas Flood Risks—Local Drainage Some areas of the city experience frequent, nuisance flooding for a variety of reasons. In fact, flooding is common even during the modest rainstorms experienced in the region. Although homes are rarely threatened by this type of nuisance flooding, it is a public safety concern because access City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 126 0 for emergency services(e.g.,police, fire,emergency medical services) can be impeded. Many areas and streets retain rainwater runoff, which is often slow to drain and may disrupt traffic, cause soil erosion, and degrade water quality. Streets in newer subdivisions, for example, are designed to temporarily store floodwaters to protect adjacent homes from inundation. Nonetheless, local drainage problems often exacerbate natural flood vulnerabilities, increase drainage ditch maintenance costs, and, in some neighborhoods, are perceived by community residents as adversely affecting the quality of life and property values.Although well known to the city staff and residents, many of the areas prone to shallow, local drainage flooding are not depicted on FEMA FIRMs. Rainfall accumulates in many areas and streets in the City, which are slow to drain. This frequently causes disruption of normal traffic, soil erosion, and water quality problems. Local drainage problems contribute to the frequency of flooding, increase ditch maintenance costs, and are perceived to adversely affect the quality of life in some neighborhoods. Many areas prone to shallow, local drainage flooding are not shown on the City or County's Flood Insurance Rate Maps. One measure of the magnitude of this problem is the number of flood insurance policies in-force on buildings that are outside of the mapped floodplain (approximately 25%). Localized flooding throughout some subdivisions in Pearland is a persistent problem, common even during the frequent rainstorms experienced in the planning area. This is a concern not only for residents but for public safety as well because access for emergency services (fire, police, emergency medical services, etc.) can be impeded. While the depth of water generally is relatively shallow, a number of homes have been flooded repetitively and are identified by FEMA as repetitive loss properties. Climate Change The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tracks climate change indicators — one being heavy precipitation. The agency states on its website, "Climate change can affect the intensity and frequency of precipitation. Wagner oceans increase the amount of water that evaporates into the air. When more moisture-laden air moves over land or converges into a storm system,it can produce more intense precipitation—for example, heavier rain and snowstorms. The potential impacts of heavy precipitation include crop damage, soil erosion, and an increase in flood risk due to heavy rains (see the River Flooding indicator)—which in turn can lead to injuries, drownings, and other flooding-related effects on health." (https://www.epa.2ov/climate-indicators/climate-chan2e- indicators-heavy-precipitation). The City has updated development requirements to the 500 year (.2%)annual probability to take into account effects of climate change. The City continues to update its models based on current data and future projections. Social Vulnerability Social vulnerability is defined as the susceptibility of social groups to the adverse impacts of natural hazards, including disproportionate death, injury, loss, or disruption of livelihood. Social vulnerability considers the social, economic, demographic, and housing characteristics of a community that influence its ability to prepare for, respond to, withstand, recover from, and adapt to environmental hazards. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 127 0 Socially vulnerable populations are most susceptible to flood events based on several factors, including their physical and financial ability to react or respond during a flood. Vulnerable populations include, elderly (over 65 years old), low income or linguistically isolated populations. Also included are individuals with life-threatening illnesses, homeless individuals, and residents that may require assistance to evacuate. Many vulnerable residents require extra time to evacuate or need assistance to evacuate. Many are more likely to seek or require medical attention while others do not have the means and transportation necessary to evacuate. According to the 5-Year 2021 American Community Survey Population Estimates, for the populations that are captured in the ACS, 17.0% of the City's population are considered socially vulnerable. A majority of these, 42% are defined as socially vulnerable because they are age 65 or older. Approximately 11% of socially vulnerable individuals in Pearland are classified as such due to poverty. Additionally, approximately 2.6% of the Brazoria County population lacks privately- owned transportation. Applied to Pearland, this suggests that approximately 3,300 residents lack privately-owned transportation. Population —2021 100% 126,949 Persons 65 and older 10.9% 13,837 Persons with a Disability (under 65) 4.3% 5,458 Persons in Poverty 2.8% 3,555 TOTAL 17.0% 33,133 Overall Vulnerability Properties identified as Repetitive or Severe Repetitive Loss properties are considered vulnerabilities due to the fact that they have a documented history of repetitive flood loss. This data is especially important because it can potentially assist in identifying structures that suffer from localized flooding outside of the designated Special Flood Hazard Area. Community assets at risk include the homes and residents, especially those residing in RL or SRL properties, businesses, public and private infrastructure, roads, community lifelines, sanitary sewer, personnel, City equipment and vehicles, the Pearland economy and community development. The overall significance of flooding in Pearland is considered high. The National Risk nsus tract Eg039660302 ..I e Index shows Pearland is at relatively Risk i�dex is Relatively Moderate moderate risk of » flooding but the "Expected Annual Loss" is relatively high "Social Risk Index Overview Vulnerability • ry M°.,�, relatively low and „Community , .an , ;., Resilience" relatively Rasard Type Risk Ratings moderate. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 128 Is Hailstorm UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described Hazard Description Hailstorm events are a potentially damaging outgrowth of severe thunderstorms. During the development stages of a hailstorm, ice crystals form within a low pressure front due to the rapid rising of warm air into the upper atmosphere, and the subsequent cooling of the air mass. Frozen droplets gradually accumulate into ice crystals until they fall as precipitation that is round or irregularly shaped mases of ice typically greater than 0.75 inches in diameter. The size of hailstones is a direct result of the size and severity of the storm. Location—Hail The entire planning area is equally exposed to the hailstorm hazard. Hailstorms affect the County equally and uniformly, and every location in the County has been affected by hailstorms at some time in the past. The land area affected by individual hail events is approximately the same as that of a parent thunderstorm, an average of 15 miles in diameter around the center of a storm. The geographic area affected is considered extensive. Previous Occurrence NCEI provides hazard data by County. Querying the storm events database from 1950 through 2022, the database reports that there were 15 hail events reported specifically for Pearland, the table below shows the reported incidents and damages from the NCEL The property damage totals $55,000. Only one event, in 2022 occurred since the last version of this plan. Table AQ—Hail Events in the City of Pearland Location Date Magnitude Property Damage Pearland 5/15/1987 1.75 in Pearland 4/24/1993 1.75 in $5,000 Pearland 4/05/1994 1.50 in $5,000 Pearland 1/12/1995 2.50 in Pearland 11/02/1995 1.00 in $10,000 Pearland 6/04/1996 0.75 in $5,000 Pearland 4/27/1997 1.00 in $5,000 Pearland 7/17/1998 0.75 in $3,000 Pearland 5/30/1999 0.88 in $15,000 Pearland 3/30/2002 0.75 in $5,000 Pearland 6/21/2008 0.75 in Pearland 4/04/2012 1.50 in $2,000 Pearland 4/16/2015 0.75 in Pearland 5/13/2016 0.75 — 1.5 in Pearland 5/06/2022 0.88 in TOTAL $55,000 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 129 Future Occurrence Using the historical hazard event data to determine the probability of an event occurring again within a given year, since 1950 Pearland has had 15 reported hail events, therefore a hail event occurs every 4.8 years, or a probability of 20.5% chance of a hail event occurring in any given year. The probability of future occurrence is considered likely. Extent The severity of hailstorms is measured by duration, size of the hail itself, and geographic extent. All of these factors are directly related to the weather phenomena that create the hail,thunderstorms. There is wide potential variation in these severity components. Outside of the coastal regions, most of the United States experiences hailstorms at least two or more days each year. Hailstorm intensity is measured by size of the hail and the potential damage it can cause. NCEI uses the TORRO Hailstorm Intensity Scale (see below). Size codes used are in the second table. Reviewing the historical information about previous intensity categories, the planning area could see an intensity category from HO — H3. The maximum probable extent the City can expect is considered moderate. Table AR— TORRO Hailstorm Intensity Scale Intensity Typical Probable Typical Damage Impacts Category Hail Kinetic Diameter Energy, J- (mm)* m2 HO Hard Hail 5 0-20 No damage H1 Potentially 5-15 >20 Slight general damage to plants, crops Damaging H2 Significant 10-20 >100 Significant damage to fruit, crops, vegetation H3 Severe 20-30 >300 Severe damage to fruit and crops, damage to glass and plastic structures, paint and wood scored H4 Severe 25-40 >500 Widespread glass damage, vehicle bodywork damage H5 Destructive 30-50 >800 Wholesale destruction of glass, damage to tiled roofs, significant risk of injuries H6 Destructive 40-60 Bodywork of grounded aircraft dented,brick walls pitted H7 Destructive 50-75 Severe roof damage, risk of serious injuries H8 Destructive 60-90 (Severest recorded in the British Isles) Severe damage to aircraft bodywork H9 Super 75-100 Extensive structural damage. Risk of severe or Hailstorms even fatal injuries to persons caught in the open H10 Super >100 Extensive structural damage. Risk of severe or Hailstorms even fatal injuries to persons caught in the open City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 130 0 Hail size and diameter in relation to TORRO Hailstorm Intensit Scale. Size code Maximum Diameter min Description 0 5-9 Pea 1 10-15 Mothball 2 16-20 Marble, grape 3 21-30 Walnut 4 31-40 Pigeon's egg> squash ball 5 41-50 Golf ball >Pullet's egg 6 51-60 Hen's egg 7 61-75 Tennis ball > cricket ball 8 76-90 Large orange> Soft ball 9 91-100 Grapefruit Impact Based on historical records from the NCEI database the future probability of hailstorms in the City Hailstorms throughout the County, to include the incorporated areas, will cause minor injuries to persons (due to being hit by hail), dings and dents in automobiles, damage to housing siding, and damage to roof shingles on residential, commercial, and industrial structures. Climate Change Research is growing on climate change impacts to hail. As described in an article in Scientific American, "Updrafts are crucial to the formation of hailstones, which start as tiny ice particles that researchers call embryos.An updraft lofts these particles into regions of a storm several miles above the ground, where liquid water is present at temperatures below freezing. Climate change can also fuel strong updrafts. But climate change may stymie hail in more southerly latitudes, such as Texas. This is both because warmer air melts hailstones before they hit the ground and because severe storms may have a harder time getting started in these warmer regions. When surface temperatures are higher,the distance the warm air must rise to reach colder layers above also rises. This can stop a storm before it starts." Is Climate Change Causing More Record-Breaking Hail? - Scientific American Social Vulnerability Hail can cause damage to property, agriculture and landscape. Socially vulnerable populations may not have the insurance necessary to cover losses including the elderly, and the impoverished. Overall Vulnerability Damage from hail is estimated at approximately 1 billion dollars per year. Much of the damage by hail is to crops. Vehicles, roofs of building and homes, and landscaping are most commonly damaged by hail. Utility systems on roofs at critical facilities would be vulnerable and could be damaged. Hail can cause threat to people,homes, and roofs as they could be struck by hail or failing trees and branches. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 131 0 Additionally, utility interruption can occur from downed power lines causing an interruption in service to residents and critical infrastructure. This can degrade critical services and impede or eliminate the ability of critical facilities to satisfy demand for service. The overall significance of Hail in Pearland is considered medium. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 132 t Hurricane and Tropical Storm UPDATED FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. Hazard Description -Hurricane and Tropical Storm A hurricane begins as a tropical depression with wind speeds below 39 mph. As it intensifies, it may develop into a tropical storm, with further development producing a hurricane. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral around a relative calm center known as the "eye."The "eye",the storm's core, is an area of low barometric pressure and is generally 20 to 30 miles wide. The storm may extend outward 100 - 400 miles in diameter. As a hurricane approaches, the skies will begin to darken, and winds will grow in strength. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring torrential rains,high winds, storm surges, and severe flooding. A single hurricane can persist for more than 2 weeks over open waters and can run a path across the entire length of the Eastern Seaboard. August and September are peak months during the hurricane season that extends from June 1 through November 30. Location In Pearland, located within close proximity to the Gulf of Mexico, the City is exposed to risk from hurricanes. Due to the widespread effects of hurricane and tropical storms,the entire planning area is affected equally. Figure H-20 shows the location of Pearland, indicated by the red arrow, and the paths of the 19 hurricanes and tropical storms that came within 65 Miles of the City (Hurricane Harvey was not included in the NOAA's Historical Hurricane Tracks at the time of this Plan update, however it also impacted the planning area). The geographic area affected by hurricanes and tropical storms is considered extensive. Figure H-20 Historical Hurricane/Tropical Storm Tracks (Source: NOAA Historical Hurricane Tracks) wy. / City of Pearland r W:b 1 _OWN City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 133 0 Previous Occurrences The NCEI Storm Events Database is limited to hurricane and tropical storm events from 1998 to 2017 so NOAA's Historical Hurricane Tracks was used, however it only shows data up until 2016. NOAA indicates that between 1842 and 2022 there were 28 hurricanes and 27 tropical storms that came within 60 nautical miles of the City of Pearland. The 22 events since 1950 are shown in the table below with the addition of Hurricane Harvey.Hurricane Harvey came within 71 nautical miles of Pearland, but the nature and uniqueness of this storm and damages sustained within the City, Harvey is listed below. Table AS -Hurricanes and Tropical Storms the City of Pearland 1950 - 2023 (Source: NOAA/NCEI) Storm Name Date Storm Category (highest recorded point near planning area) Bertha 08/08/1957— 08/11/1957 Tropical Storm Debra 07/22/1959— 07/27/1959 H1 -Cindy 09/16/1963 — 06/20/1963 H1 Abby 08/05/1964— 08/08/1964 Tropical Storm Felice 09/12/1970— 09/17/1970 Tropical Storm Delia 09/01/1973 — 09/07/1973 Tropical Storm Elena 08/30/1979— 09/02/1979 Tropical Storm Danielle 09/04/1980— 09/07/1980 Tropical Storm Alicia 08/15/1983 — 08/21/1983 H3 Unnamed 1987 08/09/1987— 08/17/1987 Tropical Storm Allison 06/24/1989— 07/01/1989 Tropical Storm Chantal 07/30/1989— 08/03/1989 H1 Jerry 10/12/1989— 10/16/1989 H1 Dean 07/28/1995 — 08/02/1995 Tropical Storm Allison 06/05/2001 — 06/19/2001 Tropical Storm Grace 08/30/2003 — 09/02/2003 Tropical Storm Humberto 09/12/2007— 09/14/2007 H1 Edouard 08/03/2008 — 08/06/2008 Tropical Storm Ike 09/01/2008 — 09/15/2008 H2 Harvey 08/25/2017— 08/30/2017 Tropical Storm Imelda 09/17/2019— 09/19/2019 Tropical Storm Beta 09/17/2020— 09/25/2020 Tropical Storm Nicholas 09/12/2021 — 09/17/2021 H1 Significant Historic Events Unnamed Hurricane of 1900 (09/05/1900 - 09/15/1900, Category 4): The Hurricane of 1900 made landfall near Galveston on September 8, 1900, as a Category 4 hurricane with estimated winds of City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 134 0 145 mph. This was the deadliest and one of the costliest storms in U.S. history. Approximately 8,000 fatalities occurred. There is no record of fatalities in the Pearland. Unnamed Hurricane of 1915 (08/17/1915 —08/20/1915, Category 4): The Hurricane of 1915 made landfall near Galveston, following a similar path to the unnamed hurricane of 1900. In Houston, there were 80 mph winds and heavy rainfall and nearly $1 Million in damages. There is no record of fatalities, injuries or damages in Pearland. Hurricane Alicia (08/15/1983 - 08/21/1983, Category 3): Hurricane Alicia made landfall approximately 25 miles southwest of Galveston,Texas as a Category 3 hurricane with winds of 115 mph. Throughout the State, Hurricane Alicia caused 21 fatalities, produced 23 tornadoes (in the Houston Galveston area), and over$2 billion in damages. There is no specific record of damage in Pearland. Tropical Storm Allison (06/06/2001 — 06/09/2001): Tropical Storm Allison made landfall to the West of Galveston Island. Over the next five days, Allison produced record rainfall that led to devastating flooding across Southeast Texas, including Brazoria County. In Pearland, hundreds of residences were flooded, high winds and wind driven rain caused water intrusion at the Green Tee Number 1 wastewater-lift station. Hurricane Ike (09/12/2008 — 09/13/2008): Hurricane Ike made landfall as a Category 2 Hurricane with a storm surge of 7 to 10 feet in Brazoria County and caused an estimated $700 Million in damage within Brazoria County. In Pearland,Ike damaged approximately two thousand homes and businesses and created citywide power outages. High winds associated with Hurricane Ike damaged approximately 12 public buildings, 44 city vehicles (mainly blown out windows), and destroyed 908 City street signs (an additional 694 straightened). In addition, the storm left widespread debris on public roadways. Tropical Storm Harvey(08/25/2017—08/30/2017): Harvey made landfall as a category 4 H-urricane near Rockport, Texas on the evening of August 25th. The storm then weakened and slowed, looping back and tracking over SE Texas. Slow moving Tropical Storm Harvey produced torrential rains and catastrophic flooding in Brazoria County, causing an estimated$2 Billion in damages. Several tornadoes touched down. Major to record flooding occurred along the Brazos and San Bernard Rivers and several other creeks and tributaries including Oyster Creek. Flooding in Pearland is attributed to Clear Creek, Mary's Creek, Cowart Creek and Hickory Slough. In Pearland, there were 1,674 homes that experienced flood damage and 450 substantial damage letters were forwarded to residents that potentially incurred more than 50% damage to their homes and met the substantial damage definition. Approximately 36 miles of roads were inundated with flood water over extended period between 24 to 96 hours following the storm. Approximately 27 City of Pearland buildings were damaged by Hurricane Harvey, mostly related to floodwater intrusion and rain that entered subsequent to damage and resulted in water damage to walls, ceiling tiles, roof membranes, building contents, and floors. Damage assessments and repair estimates are ongoing and consequently there are no definitive damage estimates as of this plan update. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 135 0 The following Pearland utilities were damaged as a result of Hurricane Harvey, and will require repair and/or replacement of various pumps, mechanical features and other machinery in use at these locations: • Longwood Waste-Water Treatment Plant • Liberty Well water Production Plant • Barry Rose Waste-Water Treatment Plant • Bellavita Lift Station • Clear Creek Lift Station • Scott& Mykawa Road Lift Station • Garden Road Lift Station Tropical Storm Imelda (09/17/2019—09/21/2019) made landfall on the Brazoria County coastline and subsequently tracked through western Pearland. Imelda was primarily an excessive rain threat that brought flooding to eastern Harris County. Tropical Storm Beta(09/17/2020—09/25/2020)landfall ultimately centers on Matagorda and storm center passes over Pearland. Hurricane watch issued for Galveston, Brazoria, and Harris counties. Tropical storm warning issued for Galveston, Brazoria and Harris counties. Tropical storm force winds and 7-10" rain forecast. Brazoria County issued voluntary evacuation of low-lying coastal areas due to NWS storm surge warning. NWS flash flood watch issued. Rainfall forecast increased to 10-15" and winds forecast to 60 mph. Texas Governor issued disaster declaration for 29 counties including Brazoria, Fort bend, Galveston and Harris. Street flooding observed on Walnut between Main Street and Veterans Drive. Flooding reported in the vicinity of Bishopton to Glastonbury Drive. Hickory Slough out of banks, water over roadway in the vicinity of Bishopton Circle to Glastonbury. Water reported on roadway at Taylor between Sleepy Hollow and Washington Irving Drive. Green Tee subdivision entrance impassable. Clear Creek out of banks, Dixie Farm Road impassible and closed between McDonald Drive and Blackhawk Drive. Multiple roads on Pearland flooded due to 10"rainfall,inundated streets barricaded to preclude access. High water reported on Halbert from Woody to Cherry Street. EOC activated, high-water response teams staged. PFD suspends transport to Texas Medical Center due to inaccessibility. Flood water approaching homes in Twin Creeks subdivision. Anticipate structural flooding if NWS forecast of 5-10"additional rain with isolated amounts up to 15". IMT activated. Pearland declared a state of local disaster in response to Tropical Storm Beta. Rainfall dissipated, flood waters receded, IMT demobilized. Rainfall totaled 13". 25 residential properties were impacted by floodwater,primarily in three areas: Twin Creek (16), Sleepy Hollow (7), and McHard (2). Damage to 7 properties was classified as "Affected" and 18 as "Minor". Total damages were estimated at $1,021,164 with an average of $36,470 per house. No residential structures met the criteria for major damage or destroyed. 2 commercial properties were impacted, and damage was classified as "Affected". Preliminary damage was estimated at $38,021 but actual damage was likely less. Hurricane Nicholas (09/12/2021 — 09/17/2021) tracked across NW Pearland to Brookside Village prior to turning 90 degrees SE and proceeding to Texas City. Pearland was extremely fortunate that this storm was fairly benign, yet it resulted in power outages greater than 24 hours in parts of the city. Nicholas reached hurricane intensity shortly before landfall, but hurricane-force winds subsided shortly after landfall. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 136 Future Probability Because the effects of hurricanes and tropical storms are regional in nature,the events that impacted Brazoria County are assumed to have impacted the City of Pearland as well. The City of Pearland has experienced 55 hurricane and tropical storm events between 1842 and 2022. With 55 events reported over 181 years, a hurricane or tropical storm occurs approximately every three and a half years on average. Therefore, there is approximately a 30% chance of a hurricane or tropical storm event affecting the planning area in any given year. The probability of future occurrence of a hurricane or tropical storm in any given year is considered likely. Extent The Tables below identify the criteria for each stage of development. The Saffir / Simpson Hurricane Scale is used to classify storms by numbered categories. Hurricanes are classified as Categories 1 through 5 based on central pressure, wind speed, and damage potential. The City of Pearland can expect to experience a storm ranging from a tropical depression to a category 5 hurricane in the planning area. The maximum probable extent is considered extreme. Table AT- Classification of Tropical Cyclones Stage of Development Tropical Depression (development) Maximum sustained surface wind speed is < 39 mph Tropical Storm Maximum sustained wind speed ranges 39 - <74 mph Hurricane Maximum sustained surface wind speed 74 mph+ Tropical Depression (dissipation) Decaying stages of a cyclone in which maximum sustained surface wind speed has dropped below 39 mph Table AU- Saffir/Sim son Hurricane Scale Storm Central Pressure Sustained Winds Potential Damage Category 1 > 980 mbar 74 - 95 mph Minimal 2 965 —979 mbar 96 - 110 mph Moderate 3 945 —964 mbar 111 — 130 mph Extensive 4 920—944 mbar 131 — 155 mph Extreme 5 < 920 mbar > 155 mph Catastrophic Hurricane and Tropical Storm Impact In Pearland, hurricanes as severe as Category 3 have been experienced in the planning area. The type of impacts that can be expected are hurricane-force winds which drive rain into buildings causing water damage, downed trees, debris-blocked roads, disabled power lines, roof and mobile City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 137 home damage. Hurricanes and tropical storms also bring heavy rains which have caused nearby creeks to exceed their capacity, inundating the surrounding area. The City can expect to see tropical storms and hurricanes as severe as Category 4 causing extreme and even catastrophic damage in some cases. Climate Change NASA's Global Climate Change — Vital Signs of the Planet Website reports, "Due to global warming, global climate models predict hurricanes will likely cause more intense rainfall and have an increased coastal flood risk due to higher storm surge caused by rising seas. Additionally, the global frequency of storms may decrease or remain unchanged, but hurricanes that form are more likely to become intense". A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate—Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet(nasa.gov) Social Vulnerability Social vulnerability is defined as the susceptibility of social groups to the adverse impacts of natural hazards, including disproportionate death, injury, loss, or disruption of livelihood. Social vulnerability considers the social, economic, demographic, and housing characteristics of a community that influence its ability to prepare for, respond to, cope with, recover from, and adapt to environmental hazards. Socially vulnerable populations are most susceptible to drought events based on several factors, including their physical and financial ability to react or respond during a Hurricane/Tropical Storm. Vulnerable populations include, elderly (over 65 years old), low income or linguistically isolated populations, people with life-threatening illnesses, homeless, and residents that may struggle to evacuate. They may require extra time to evacuate or need assistance to evacuate and are more likely to seek or need medical attention or do not have the means and transportation support to evacuate. According to the 5-Year 2021 American Community Survey Population Estimates, for the populations that are captured in the ACS, 17.0% of the City's population are considered socially vulnerable. Population —2021 100% 126,949 Persons 65 and older 10.9% 13,837 Persons with a Disability (under 65) 4.3% 5,458 Persons in Poverty 2.8% 3,555 TOTAL 17.0% 33,133 Overall Vulnerability Severe hurricanes and tropical storms have flooded thousands of homes, closed and damaged many roads throughout the City and damaged City buildings and equipment. In order to mitigate the flood risk, the City requires one foot of freeboard above the standard Base Flood Elevation. Several different areas within the City remain cause for concern among City and County officials. Flooded roads and debris accumulation from downed trees and damaged structures can impede emergency responders and hinder their timely response to calls for assistance. Additionally,utility interruption City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 138 0 can occur from downed power lines causing an interruption in service to residents and critical infrastructure. This could degrade critical services and reduce or eliminate the ability of critical infrastructure to meet demand for service. The northeastern portion of the City has the most Repetitive Loss properties and frequently experiences street flooding. Another concern is the fact that 12 City buildings were damaged during Hurricane Ilse and 27 were damaged during Hurricane Harvey. The overall significance of hurricanes and tropical storms in Pearland is considered high. The National Risk Index shows hurricanes is very high to relatively moderate, and the expected loss is from relatively moderate to relatively high. FEMA NationalftiskInd x Explore the Map Learn More —a�e Action Get Help Hurticane(R1)00 Heip Census tract 48039660200 _ I•. Bramna County,Texas ;`LL6' R'sk Index v * Risk Index is I I I© I " Relatively High aroo4sitle �' vllage Score 94.48 1 Na0onal Percentile - . cenule Within Texas 0 1W Legend Hurricane Risk The Risk Index rating is Relatively High for Census Very High tract 48039660200 when compared to the rest of the U.S. Relatively High Relatively Moderate Risk Index Overview Relarvey tow Compared to the rest of the U.S.,Census tract .Very Lav 48039b60200's Rlsk Index components are'. Q No Rating cR " Q Not Applicable ,.,, , ,,,,,y,,, Expected Annual Loss Relatively High Insufficient Data - - ate Social Vuloe-.o Ry Relatively Maderate txpected annual toss - Community R,,,,,— Relatively Moderate Sxial Vulnerability Community Resilience y -- Hazard Type Risk Ratings Eon -Risk lMex - City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 139 Lightning UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. Hazard Description Lightning is a discharge of electrical energy resulting from the buildup of positive and negative charges within a thunderstorm, creating a "bolt" when the buildup of charges becomes strong enough. This flash of light usually occurs within the clouds or between the clouds and the ground. A bolt of lightning can reach temperatures approaching 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Lightning rapidly heats the sky as it flashes but the surrounding air cools following the bolt. This rapid heating and cooling of the surrounding air causes the thunder which often accompanies lightning strikes. While most often affiliated with severe thunderstorms, lightning often strikes outside of heavy rain and might occur as far as 10 miles away from any rainfall. According to FEMA, an average of 300 people are injured and 80 people are killed in the United States each year from lightning. Location—Lightning Lightning can strike in any geographic location in Pearland, therefore it is assumed that the entire City of Pearland is uniformly exposed to the threat of lightning. The geographic area affected is considered Extensive. Previous Occurrence While there are no City recorded injuries or deaths as a result of lightning in Pearland, Brazoria County has reported two deaths in the last twenty years. The table below shows the reported incidents and damages from the NCEI for Pearland from 2000 through the end of 2022. While there are only four reported incidents, it is believed these are reported because of the recorded property damage. However, lightning occurs every year in Pearland and very frequently results in house fires. Table AV- Lightning, the City of Pearland 1950 - 2023 Source: NOAA/NCEI BEGIN EVENT I MAGNI- DAMAGE DAMAGE COUNTY LOCATION DATE TYPE TUDE DEATHS INJURIES PROPERTY CROP BRAZORIA CO. PEARLAND 3/6/2008 Lioift-ing 0 0 $ 12,000.00 0 BRAZORIA CO. PEARLAND 4/26/2008 Lightning 0 0 $ 8,000.00 0 BRAZORIA CO. PEARLAND 4/17/2014 Lightning 0 0 $ 10,000.00 0 BRAZORIA CO. PEARLAND 9/21/2017 Li tning, 0 0 $ 2,000.00 1 0 TOTAL 4 $32,000.00 Future Occurrence Using the historical hazard event data to determine the probability of an event occurring again within a given year, since 2000 Pearland has had 4 reported significant lightning events, suggesting a 17% chance of a significant event. However, if using the calculation that an event occurs every year, there is a probability of more than one event occurring in any given year. Similarly, the probability of future occurrence is considered highly likely,though a damaging event is considered likely. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 140 Extent According to NOAA,the average number of cloud to ground flashes for the State of Texas between 2009 and 2018 was 11.0 flashes per square mile. Vaisala, a company that monitors total lightning across the United States providing reliable and accurate lightning information, suggests that Brazoria County shows 59.9 lightning events per square kilometer per year which is roughly 23 events per square mile per year from 2016 to 2022. Data was not available at the City level but is assumed to be the same. Fort Bend Brazoria, iA 59.9 events/km2/year A uJ Total Lightning Density events/km2 vusAtA xweather City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 141 0 In addition to flashes, the extent for lightning can be measured by the number of strikes in an interval. NOAA uses Lightning Activity Levels (LALs) on a scale from 1-6, see the NOAA LAL picture below for definitions: The maximum extent the City can expect to experience is considered moderate. Impact NCEI does not include the LAL for historical events, therefore to determine the extent of the lightning strike, the yearly average range of estimated number of lightning strikes within the planning area and a cloud to ground flashes of six to twelve per square mile (further broken down 4,248 to 8,496 flashes per year) divided by the number of events that occur annually, the planning area should expect an average range of eleven to twenty-two lighting strikes within 15 minutes indicating lightning strikes have an average LAL range of 2-4. The maximum probable extent Pearland can expect to see is considered weak due to events typically causing little to no damage. Climate Change NASA's website, Global Climate Change Vital Signs of the Planet reports, "that there been some studies of lightning and the impact on wildfires. Jim Randerson, an Earth system scientist at the University of California, Irvine who studies fires both in the field and with satellite data. He and his colleagues studied the abundance of lightning strikes in the 2015 Alaskan fire season that burned a record 5.1 million acres. Lightning strikes are the main natural cause of fires. The researchers found an unusually high number of lightning strikes occurred, generated by the warmer temperatures that cause the atmosphere to create more convective systems thunderstorms which ultimately contributed to more burned area that year." Satellite Data Record Shows Climate Chan eg s Impact on Fires — Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet (nasa.gov). This data indicates climate change could cause more frequent Lightning Activity Level(LAL) lightning events within the City. No thunderstorms Isolated thunderstorms.Light rain will occasionally reach the ground.Lightning is very infrequent,1 to 5 cloud to ground strikes Social Vulnerability in a five minute period. Lightning can cause power outages which can life threatening to those dependent on electricity for life Widely scattered thunderstorms.Light to moderate rain will reach the ground.Lightning is infrequent,6 to 10 cloud to ground strikes support. In general, populations who lack adequate in a 5 minute period. shelter during a lightning storm and those who are reliant on sustained sources of power in order to Scattered thunderstorms.Moderate rain is commonly produced survive are most vulnerable. Lightning is frequent,11 to 15 cloud to ground strikes in a 5 minute period. Overall Vulnerability Numerous thunderstorms.Rainfall is moderate to heavy.Lightning Pearland has an early warning capability. City is frequent and intense,greater then 15 cloud to ground strikes in a leadership, staff and many residents rely on official 5 minute period. weather forecasts issued by the National Weather Service (NWS) office in League City, Texas. The Dry lightning(same as LAL 3 but without rain).This type of lightning has the potential for extreme fire activity and is normally City also subscribes to a commercial weather highlighted in fire weather forecasts with a Red Flag Warning. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 142 0 service that sends weather updates and alerts to Emergency Services, including the Police and Fire Departments. Emergency Management staff routinely monitor the weather forecast and circulate NWS warnings and advisories to alert leadership and staff of hazardous weather. • Everbridge Alerts: Residents get connected through text messages, emails, and phone calls, as well as tailored messaging for every member of the family. Everbridge is also used for mass communications and allows public alerting via geo-addressing with listed telephone numbers and can also alert specific communities, blocks or the entire City; • Pearland Connect: The City prepares a monthly newsletter for residents to stay informed of important information and developments affecting the City and its citizens; • New releases: Residents can subscribe to receive the latest news and information released by the City; • Connect2Pearland: Allows residents with mobile phones to report issues, track progress of issues, view other requests in their area and when profile information is provided, allows residents to receive email updates when issues are addressed. However, since lightning can occur throughout the City, the direct and indirect losses associated with this hazard could include injury, loss of life, damage to structures and infrastructures and electrical and communication tower failures. Additionally, utility interruption can occur from downed power lines causing an interruption in service to residents and critical infrastructure. This can degrade critical services and impede or eliminate the ability of critical facilities to satisfy demand for service. The overall significance of lightning in Pearland is considered Medium. The National Risk Index shows lightning is very high to relatively moderate, and the expected loss is from relatively moderate to relatively high. L,plu,c th,Map a,,,M— Take Act— Get Help Help Census trac[48039660200 /t�A o-.v:ora county.r<.a. t cavntr m«, ... 4 •� rota Ixrwnio.a a.:,rm<. — M lFft^9 * Risk Index is © P t a��" Relatively Hi=h soon spas e.<err+e rvw rnx R� �u x tegentl The Nis4 ir.tlex raring a MbtivNy Nl�h for Gnwa tlgntMng xrs4 ■vevMX^ F;::; trait Yosse60tao wh<n tomva.<a torn<r<u of �a<ixin<,Npr, ,.us �,taa<.mr Risk Index Overview a aering �_�t+or spp,itahle E.petted Mmul loss RIatMly Nl�h .vsuRwmr Darn saw Vulrxndhty h.w4wly Modtv.b e.r..w.nnwr u.. •fKitl vWn.r.prNY Crznmunity geLlrerrce Anwnvy Nod.tw •Csrnrnr•MtY t..lY.n[. ' Haxard Type Risk Ratings Basemaps CIeN Ilport City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 143 0 Severe Thunderstorm - High Wind UPDATED FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. Hazard Description Thunderstorms are the by-products of atmospheric instability, which promotes vigorous rising of warm air. A typical thunderstorm may cover an area three miles wide. The National Weather Service (NWS) considers a thunderstorm "severe" if it produces tornadoes, hail of 0.75 inches or more in diameter, or winds of 58 miles per hour (50 Knots) or more. Structural wind damage may imply the occurrence of a severe thunderstorm. Thunderstorms/High winds affect the entire planning area. Location - Severe Thunderstorm High Wind Brazoria County is listed as Designated Catastrophe Area by the Texas Department of Insurance. The map below shows the "3-Second Gust Design Wind Speed" map from the Texas Department of Insurance according to the 2018 IBC. This map is used to design buildings to withstand reasonably anticipated winds in order to minimize property damage. The below figure shows the 3-second gust wind speeds at 33 ft. above ground for Exposure C Category, based on linear interpolation between contours. Wind speeds are interpolated in accordance with the 7-22 Standard. Wind speeds correspond to approximately a 7% probability of exceedance in 50 years (annual exceedance probability = 0.00143, MRI = 700 years). The City sits mostly within the 140 — 150 and the geographic area affected is considered extensive. Figure H-21- 3-Second Gust Design Wind Speed (Source: 2018 IBC Design Wind Speed for Risk Category II Buildings) 00 /1 0� i,.w lr" Wind Speed(Vmph) CI 36-96 97-105 u 106-114 El 115-126 . 127-139 140-150 11-10 161-180 r.... 181-253 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 144 0 Previous Occurrences The NCEI Storm Events Database only categorizes Thunderstorm High Wind events prior to 1993 by County, however, it has narratives and location maps describing the impacts of those events. The NCEI indicates that between 1950 and 2022 there were 14 Severe Thunderstorm High Wind events that impacted the City of Pearland. For these events,the NCEI database reported no fatalities or injuries and a total of $164,000 in damages. Table AW summarizes the ten events that have occurred in the City of Pearland, including two that occurred since the last version of this Plan. Table AW- Severe Thunderstorm High Wind Events within the City of Pearland 1950 - 2022 (Source: NOAA/NCEI) Location Date Knots Deaths Injuries Property Damage PEARLAND 05/02/1978 63 0 0 $0 PEARLAND 06/30/1992 54 0 0 $0 PEARLAND** 11/24/1996 110 0 0 $15,000 PEARLAND 06/17/1997 58 0 0 $0 PEARLAND 10/04/2004 52 0 0 $0 COUNTYWIDE 05/08/2005 52 0 0 $5,000* PEARLAND 05/29/2005 58 0 0 $23,000 PEARLAND 06/21/2008 52 0 0 $0 PEARLAND 08/12/2009 50 0 0 $1,000 PEARLAND 01/25/2012 61 0 0 $35,000 PEARLAND 08/16/2013 61 0 0 $100,000 PEARLAND 05/04/2019 52 0 0 $0 PEARLAND 01/11/2020 52 0 0 $3,000 PEARLAND 05/16/2020 53 0 0 $2,000 PEARLAND ARPT 12/18/2021 52 0 0 $0 TOTAL $169,000 *Countywide damages are estimated at$87,000, however, the only damages reported in Peartand was a downed fence. ** One event was recorded in Harris County and damages reported was that wind knocked down trees and broke windows out of 12 cars parked at a Pearland strip mall. The events in the City of Pearland from Brazoria County in which damage occurred are as follows. A May 8, 2005, thunderstorm damaged various parts of the county but damage reported in Pearland was limited to a downed fence. A second event on May 29, 2005, damaged eight mobile homes and displaced them off of their foundations. In addition, five cars sustained windshield damage. The third event on August 12, 2009, scattered tree limbs, causing $1,000 in damages. The fourth event on January 25, 2012, downed power lines,power poles were left leaning, fences were blown down, and there was sporadic tree damage. Approximately twenty homes and five businesses sustained limited siding and roof damage. The fifth event occurred on August 16, 2013,and downed hundreds of trees, numerous power poles, and a significant number of fences in the Pearland area between Highway 35 and Highway 288. The sixth event occurred on January 11, 2020, causing some damage to power poles near the intersection of Magnolia Parkway and FM 1128. The final event on May 16, 2020, downed trees and damaged a fence in the Sunset Lakes area. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 145 Future Probability The City of Pearland has experienced 14 severe thunderstorm and high wind events between 1950 and 2022, causing an estimated $169,000 in property damage. Calculations involving 14 events reported over 73 years, suggest a severe thunderstorm and high wind event occurs approximately every 5.2 years on average. Consequently, there is a 19% chance of a severe thunderstorm and high wind event in any given year. The probability of future occurrence is considered Likely. Extent The most widely accepted descriptive wind scale is the Beaufort Wind Scale shown in Table AX. The table below described the force of the storm and the wind speed, classification and appearance that is associated with each wind force. In the planning area Pearland can expect to experience wind events ranging from light winds to hurricane force winds. The maximum probable extent is considered Moderate. Table AX- Beaufort Wind Scale (Source: NOAA Force Wind WM0 Appearance of Wind Effects •ts) Classification On On • 0 Less Calm Sea surface smooth and Calm, smoke rises than 1 mirror-like vertically 1 1-3 Light Air Scaly ripples, no foam crests Smoke drift indicates wind direction, still wind Wanes 2 4-6 Light Breeze Small wavelets, crests glassy, Wind felt on face, leaves no breaking rustle, vanes begin to move 3 7-10 Gentle Breeze Large wavelets, crests begin to Leaves and small twigs break, scattered whitecaps constantly moving, light flags extended 4 11-16 Moderate Small waves 1-4 ft. becoming Dust, leaves, and loose Breeze longer, numerous whitecaps paper lifted, small tree branches move 5 17-21 Fresh Breeze Moderate waves 4-8 ft. taping Small trees in leaf begin longer form, many whitecaps, to sway some spray 6 22-27 Strong Breeze Larger waves 8-13 ft., Larger tree branches whitecaps common, more moving, whistling in spray wires 7 28-33 Near Gale Sea heaps up, waves 13-19 ft., Whole trees moving, white foam streaks off resistance felt walking breakers against wind City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 146 0 8 34-40 Gale Moderately high(18-25 ft.) Twigs breaking off trees, waves of greater length, edges generally impedes of crests begin to break into progress spindrift, foam blown in streaks 9 41-47 Strong Gale High waves (23-32 ft.), sea Slight structural damage begins to roll, dense streaks of occurs, slate blows off foam, spray may reduce roofs visibility 10 48-55 Storm Very high waves (29-41 ft.) Seldom experienced on with overhanging crests, sea land, trees broken or white with densely blown uprooted, "considerable foam, heavy rolling, lowered structural damage" visibility 11 56-63 Violent Storm Exceptionally high(37-52 ft.) waves, foam patches cover sea, visibility more reduced 12 64+ Hurricane Air filled with foam, waves over 45 ft., sea completely white with driving spray, visibility greatly reduced Impact In Pearland, most wind damage has been limited to downed trees, debris-blocked roads, and disabled power lines with the occasional roof and mobile home damage. The City of Pearland has experienced severe thunderstorms and high winds up to 63 Knots. However, winds up to 73 Knots have been experienced nearby within the County and similar events could affect Pearland in the future. The type of impacts that can be expected are associated with the magnitudes from the Beaufort Wind Scale,which indicate storms as severe as a"Hurricane force wind"extent,involving trees being broken or uprooted along with considerable structural damage. Climate Change NASA's website, Global Climate Chane Vital Signs of the Planet reports, "Severe thunderstorms are defined as having sustained winds above 93 kilometers (58 miles) per hour or unusually large hail, and there are two key factors that fuel their formation: convective available potential energy (CAPE)and strong wind shear. CAPE is a measure of how much raw energy is available for storms; it relates to how warm, moist, and buoyant air is in a given area. Wind shear is a measure of how the speed and direction of winds change with altitude. Future conditions that are more intense and more frequent could cause the future probability to increase over what is the known probability based on historical data. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 147 0 "CAPE can provide storms with the raw fuel to produce rain and hail, and vertical wind shear can pull and twist weak storms into strong, windy ones," explained Harold Brooks, a meteorologist at NOAA's National Severe Storms Laboratory. Scientists have evidence that global warming should increase CAPE by warming the surface and putting more moisture in the air through evaporation. On the other hand, disproportionate warming in the Arctic should lead to less wind shear in mid-latitude areas prone to severe thunderstorms. So one factor makes severe storms more likely, while the other makes them less so." Severe thunderstorms and climate change—Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet(nasa.gov) Social Vulnerability Thunderstorms/high winds can cause power outages which can life threatening to those dependent on electricity for life support. In general, populations who lack adequate shelter during a lightning storm and those who are reliant on sustained sources of power in order to survive are most vulnerable. They can also be dangerous to mobile homeowners. Overall Vulnerability According to the NCEI, there have been 14 severe thunderstorm and high wind events within the City of Pearland. Mobile and manufactured homes are most susceptible to high wind damage as they are easily displaced or overturned in high wind. City records indicate there are 890 mobile and manufactured homes within its jurisdiction, comprising approximately 2% of residential buildings in the City. The City maintains an Emergency Management Plan (EMP) - Version 2.0 that was last reviewed and updated in September 2017. The City EMP is again undergoing review and refinement as of this plan update. In addition to the mitigation actions set forth in this plan, the City prepares and mitigates hazard consequences via training and exercises conducted on a regular basis. Pearland also has early warning capability. City leadership, staff and many residents rely on official weather forecasts issued by the National Weather Service(NWS) office in League City, Texas. The City also subscribes to a commercial weather service that sends weather updates and alerts to Emergency Services, including the Police and Fire Departments. Emergency Management staff routinely monitor the weather forecast and circulate NWS warnings and advisories to alert leadership and staff of hazardous weather. • Everbridge Alerts: Residents get connected through text messages, emails, and phone calls, as well as tailored messaging for every member of the family. Everbridge is also used for mass communications and allows public alerting via geo-addressing with listed telephone numbers and can also alert specific communities, blocks or the entire City; • Pearland Connect: The City prepares a monthly newsletter for residents to stay informed of important information and developments affecting the City and its citizens; • New releases: Residents can subscribe to receive the latest news and information released by the City; City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 148 0 • Connect2Pearland: Allows residents with mobile phones to report issues, track progress of issues, view other requests in their area and when profile information is provided, allows residents to receive email updates when issues are addressed. The debris accumulation from downed trees and damaged structures that are associated with a high wind event can impact roads and impede emergency responders, hindering their ability to respond to calls for assistance. Additionally,utility interruption can occur from downed power lines causing an interruption in service to residents and critical infrastructure. This can degrade critical services and impede or eliminate the ability of critical facilities to satisfy demand for service. The overall significance of Severe Thunderstorms and High Winds in Pearland is considered Medium. The National Risk Index shows severe storms is very low to relatively moderate, and the expected loss is from relatively high. l oig w Census tract 48039660200 Risk Index Risk index is © Relatively High esTA37 - Score 94.48 —. rl' Nanonl Percmnle PerteMtle whin Teas a x Legend The Risk Index rating Is Relatlwly High lot Gnus very Hlgn bM 48039660200 w",competed to the test of .Rell—y High the U.S. ®Relatively M«lerate Risk Index Overview .Relatively Low Compared to the rest of the U.S..Callsus Vact very LOW 44039660200's Risk Index com is ponen Is No Rating Nol Aoplicahle Espected Mnuel loss R,11-ely High inxuftment Daw Social W rerab,hy Relatively Moderate enWiq Community Resilience Relatively Moderate n'IY 0.esilienre Hazard Type Risk Ratings Hasemaps City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 149 Tornadoes UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. • In addition,this section was formatted to explicitly address: Location,Previous Occurrence, Future Occurrence (Probability), and Extent. Also explicitly addressed are Impact and vulnerability summary. Hazard Description The National Weather Service defines a tornado as a violently rotating column of air in contact with the ground and extending from the base of a thunderstorm. Tornadoes can form any time of the year, but the season of greatest activity extends from March to August. Location Figure H-22 illustrates the frequency of tornado strikes in Texas per 1,000 square miles, the arrow denotes the approximate location of Pearland, which falls within the zone for 1-5 tornadoes in a 1,000 square mile per the NOAA Prediction Center Map. With an average of 153 tornadoes touching down each year,Texas is considered the U.S."tornado capital."While tornadoes can occur in any month in Texas and at all hours of the day or night, they occur with greatest frequency during the late spring and early summer months, during late afternoon and early evening hours. There is some potential for the full range of tornadoes (from EF-0 to EF5) to impact most areas of Texas, including Pearland, although events at the lesser end of the scale are much more likely. Northern Texas is most vulnerable, but the area around Pearland experiences considerable activity. The tornado hazard affects the entire planning area approximately equally.All structures in the City are vulnerable to the effects of tornadoes (particularly tornadoes at the more intense end of the Enhanced Fujita scale). However, highly engineered commercial (and other non-residential) structures are typically less vulnerable to the effects of tornadoes than are residential structures, with some exceptions. The tornado hazard could be experienced anywhere within the City and affects the entire planning area, therefore, the geographic area affected is considered Extensive. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 150 Figure H-22- Tornado Activity in Texas (Source: NOAA—Storm Prediction Center) NOAA 0 100 200 300 Miles Tornadojp Zones ikyk uu NM U p nA W kS „ k U k County boundaries Tornado Zones 1 Less than 1 Tornado pet 1000 sq miles 2 1 to 5 Tornados per 1000 sq miles N 3 L. 6 to10 Tornados per 1000 sq miles 4 11 to 15 Tornados per 1000 sq mile` : - 5 15 Tornados per 1000 sq miles Previous Occurrences The NCEI Storm Events Database only categorizes tornado events prior to 1993 by County, however, it has narratives and location maps describing the impacts of those events. The NCEI indicates that between 1950 and 2022,Brazoria County experienced 67 tornados. However,looping at the narratives,there were five tornado events that impacted the City of Pearland.For these events, the NCEI database reported no fatalities or injuries and a total of$290,000 in damages. Table AY summarizes the five tornadoes that have occurred in the City of Pearland, including two tornadoes that occurred since the last version of this Plan. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 151 Table AY- Tornadoes within the City of Pearland 1950 - 2022 Source: NOAA/NCEI Location Date Mag Deaths Injuries Property Damage PEARLAND 08/18/1983 FO 0 0 $0 PEARLAND 11/21/1992 F1 0 0 $250,000 PEARLAND 02/25/1993 FO 0 0 $5,000 PEARLAND O1/25/2012 EFO 0 0 $15,000 PEARLAND 10/24/2015 EFO 0 0 $20,000 $290,000 The first tornado on record that occurred in Pearland was on August 18, 1983. This was a small tornado that was observed as it briefly touched down near Pearland.No damage was indicated. The second tornado occurred on November 21, 1992. This tornado touched down just south of the Harris County line and caused roof damage to a half dozen homes in the northern section of Pearland, totaling to approximately $250,000 in damages. The third event occurred on February 25, 1993, near South Downs grade school and Highway 288. The tornado caused an estimated $5,000 in damages. The fourth tornado occurred on January 25, 2012. This tornado touched down near the intersection of Highway 35 and Plum Street in Pearland. A gas station had its awning destroyed and a business to the south of Plum Street had its roof peeled back, causing an estimated $15,000 in property damage. The most recent reported event occurred on October 24, 2015. This tornado damaged the metal roof of a large business south of Beltway 8 west of Cullen Blvd. The damage path extended north of Beltway 8, into the Brunswick Place subdivision. Future Probability The City of Pearland has experienced five tornadoes between 1950 and 2022, causing an estimated $290,000 in property damage. These five tornado events were assessed as EFO tornadoes, with one assessed as an F1. Calculations based on five events reported over 72 years suggest the City of Pearland experiences a tornado event approximately every 14.6 years, on average. Therefore, there is a 6.8% chance of a tornado event in any given year. The probability of future occurrence is considered Likely. Extent Tornado damage severity is measured by the Enhanced Fujita Tornado Scale (EF-Scale). The Enhanced Fujita Scale assigns numerical values based on wind speed and categorizes tornadoes from zero to five representing increasing degrees of damage. Tornadoes are related to larger vortex formations, and therefore often form in convective cells such as thunderstorms or in the right forward quadrant of a hurricane or tropical storm, far from the hurricane eye. Table AZ describes the categories for the Enhanced Fujita Tornado Scale. Pearland can expect to experience a tornado ranging from EFO to EF3 in the planning area. The maximum probable extent is considered Severe. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 152 0 Table AZ- The Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale Enhanced Fujita EF Scale Enhanced Fujita Category Wind Speed(mph) Potential Damage Light damage. Peels surface off EFO 65-85 some roofs; some damage to gutters or siding; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over. Moderate damage. Roofs severely stripped; mobile homes overturned EFI 86-110 or badly damaged; loss of exterior doors; windows and other glass broken. Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-constructed houses; foundations of frame homes shifted; EF2 111-135 mobile homes completely destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles enerated; cars lifted off ground. Severe damage. Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed; severe damage to large buildings such as shopping malls; trains EF3 136-165 overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance. Devastating damage. Well- constructed houses and whole frame EF4 166-200 houses completely leveled; cars thrown, and small missiles enerated. Incredible damage. Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away; automobile-sized EF5 >200 missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 m(109 yd.); high-rise buildings have significant structural deformation; incredible phenomena will occur. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 153 Impact In Pearland, most wind damage has been limited to downed trees, blocked roads, and disabled power lines with the occasional roof damage. Historically, the City of Pearland has experienced tornadoes limited to EFO-EF1 strength. However, tornadoes up to EF3 have been experienced nearby within the County and similar events could affect Pearland in the future. The type of impacts that can be expected are associated with those magnitudes from EFO-EF3 described below: • EFO-Light damage. Peels surface off some roofs; some damage to gutters or siding; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over. • EFI-Moderate damage. Roofs severely stripped; mobile homes overturned or badly damaged; loss of exterior doors; windows and other glass broken. • E172-Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-constructed houses; foundations of frame homes shifted; mobile homes completely destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light- object missiles generated; cars lifted off ground. • E173-Severe damage. Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed; severe damage to large buildings such as shopping malls; trains overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance. Climate Change National Geographic published an Article, Tornadoes and Climate Change. The article suggests "Predicting whether climate change will have an effect on the frequency and power of tornadoes is a challenge. For all their destructive fury, tornadoes are relatively small when compared to some other extreme weather events. Hurricanes, for example, can span hundreds of miles, whereas the biggest tornado ever recorded measured 4.2 kilometers (2.6 miles) wide. They are also very short lived, lasting from a few seconds to a few hours as opposed to days or weeks at a time. This makes them very difficult to model in the climate simulations that scientists use to project the effects of climate change. Instead, scientists must attempt to predict how climate change might affect the individual weather"ingredients"that support the development of supercell thunderstorms (the type that produce tornadoes). These weather ingredients are: warm, moist air; an unstable atmosphere; and wind at different levels moving in different directions at different speeds, a phenomenon known as wind shear." https://education.national eeoographic.org/resource/tornadoes-and-climate-change/ Based on these studies, the data indicates climate change could cause more frequent and intense tornado events within the City. Social Vulnerability Tornadoes can cause power outages which can life threatening to those dependent on electricity for life support. In general, populations that cannot afford wind insurance, and those who are reliant on sustained sources of power in order to survive are most vulnerable. They can also be dangerous to mobile homeowners. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 154 0 Overall Vulnerability According to the NCEI, there have been five tornadoes within the City of Pearland, four EFOs and one EF1. Mobile and manufactured homes are the most susceptible to tornado damage as they can be easily displaced or overturned in high winds. City records indicate there are 890 mobile and manufactured homes, comprising approximately 2% of residential buildings in the City. The Community Risk Reduction Division of the City's Fire Department is responsible for coordinating emergency planning, preparedness, and response, under the oversight of a full-time Emergency Management Coordinator. As indicated previously, the City maintains an Emergency Management Plan (EMP) -Version 2.0 that was last reviewed and updated in September 2017 and is again under review and refinement. In addition to the mitigation actions set forth in this plan,the City also prepares and mitigates hazard consequences through training and exercises conducted on a regular basis. Pearland also has early warning capability. City leadership, staff and many residents rely on official weather forecasts issued by the National Weather Service(NWS) office in League City,Texas. The City also subscribes to a commercial weather service that sends weather updates and alerts to Emergency Services, including the Police and Fire Departments. Emergency Management staff routinely monitor the weather forecast and circulate NWS warnings and advisories to alert leadership and staff of hazardous weather. • Everbridge Alerts: Residents get connected through text messages, emails, and phone calls, as well as tailored messaging for every member of the family. Everbridge is also used for mass communications and allows public alerting via geo-addressing with listed telephone numbers and can also alert specific communities, blocks or the entire City; • Pearland Connect: The City prepares a monthly newsletter for residents to stay informed of important information and developments affecting the City and its citizens; New releases: Residents can subscribe to receive the latest news and information released by the City; • Connect2Pearland: Allows residents with mobile phones to report issues, track progress of issues, view other requests in their area and when profile information is provided, allows residents to receive email updates when issues are addressed. Tornadoes can damage all types of structures, agriculture community lifelines and people. The debris accumulation from downed trees and damaged structures that are associated with tornadoes can impact roads and impede emergency responders, hindering their ability to respond to calls for assistance. Additionally, utility interruption can occur from downed power lines causing an interruption in service to residents and critical infrastructure. This can degrade critical services and impede or eliminate the ability of critical facilities to satisfy demand for service. Over the years Pearland has grown and some of the prior tornadoes that did not impact Pearland, may have impacted the City if they hit today. The City's growth geographically and by population has increased the Pearland's risk. The overall significance of Tornadoes in Pearland is considered Medium. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 155 0 The National Risk Index shows while the risk from tornadoes is high, the community resilience and social vulnerability are moderate. Census tract 48039660200 } counW VKw on,ov„mo,v [Commamry R,i—, Sh- 4JO Community Resilience is Relatively Moderate r legend „91�. ,��...,.,camurbK[�NlNW70U neve a wn o Rya, .:.�,fir,eJ,Pt ro cba,6�n6 romaabns.ana yam+r rl A rt^-+rvnen comPa.M roiM.est al Me�.s. �waKrv.b,o+ YiPllA •� riingCommunity ao van„t f -.ce vi I,—U. en«�,measo.ed v:mg m� �ma�rz�,. �� u a.,aen.PaRaaca mek.rar,rar cammunnm, e.aen.a,��,..,co., " ' It1YHIbglCl Pubbshatl by m.llMVR.,nv of soutl, camm� r ,m.�`. IeitNYt[Il11f911 n,•'^" Po,mo.e m d,m 1 n mat me R,s,maea Ba-pe. Z City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 156 Wildfire UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018, were updated and described. • In addition,this section was formatted to explicitly address: Location,Previous Occurrence, Future Occurrence (Probability), and Extent. Also explicitly addressed are Impact and vulnerability summary. Hazard Description —Wildfire Wildfires are uncontrolled fires often occurring in wildland areas and can consume houses or agricultural resources if not contained. Wildfires/urban interface is defined as the area where structures and other human development blend with undeveloped wildland. Wildfires often begin unnoticed, spread quickly, and are usually signaled by dense smoke that may envelope the area for miles around. Wildfires can be human-caused through acts such as arson or careless campfires, or can be caused by natural events such as lightning strike. Wildfires can be categorized into three types: • Wildfires that occur in very rural areas and are fueled primarily by natural vegetation. • Interface that fires occur in areas where structures and other human development blend with undeveloped wildland and homes or other structures become endangered by wildfire. These fires, fueled by both natural vegetation and man-made structures, are often referred to as Wildland Urban Interface fires. • Firestorms occur during extreme heat (e.g., high temperatures, low humidity, and high winds) with such intensity that fire suppression is virtually impossible. These events typically burn until the conditions change, or the fuel is exhausted. Location Texas, in general, is prone to wildfire due to its and climate, high temperatures, limited precipitation, drought potential and expanse of wildland. Pearland's increasing population will invariably encroach into areas that are located within the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI). The WUI is described as the area where structures and other human improvements meet and intermingle with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels. Population growth within the WUI substantially increases the risk from wildfire. In Texas nearly 85 percent of wildfires occur within two miles of a community. The Texas A&M Forest Service, Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment (TxWRAP) estimates that 54,050 Pearland residents or 48.1 % percent of the total planning area population (112,469) live within the WUI. (Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment Summary Report for Pearland, 2017). WUI is simply a subset of the Where People Live dataset. The primary difference is populated areas surrounded by sufficient non-burnable areas(i.e.,interior urban areas) are removed from the Where People Live data set, as these areas are not typically vulnerable to wildfire. While there is little wildland interface in Pearland, Figure H-23, identifies areas of the City vulnerable to wildfires (shaded red). These areas are predominately the less populated and less developed areas of the City. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 157 Figure H-23 - City of Pearland Wildfire Hazard Areas (Source: City of Pearland) W o� q wouarow o rE +or E 1 P 8 a00 2 9 r �X L4 1 l �J7 re Citx of Pearland 4 Wil re Hazard Areas YewvEl t errc E'. :- e The TxWRAP reports the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) layer reflects housing density(hs). WUI is composed of both interface and intermix communities. In both interface and intermix communities, housing must meet or exceed a minimum density of one structure per 40 acres (16 hs). Intermix communities are places where housing and vegetation intermingle. In intermix, wildland vegetation is continuous, more than 50 percent vegetation, in areas with more than 1 house per 16 hs. Interface communities are areas with housing in the vicinity of contiguous vegetation. Interface areas have more than 1 house per 40 acres, have less than 50 percent vegetation, and are within 1.5 mi of an area(made up of one or more contiguous Census blocks) over 1,325 acres(500 hs)that is more than 75 percent vegetated. The minimum size limit ensures that areas surrounding small urban parks are not classified as interface WUI. While units of the data set are in houses per sq. km., which is consistent with other data such as USFS SILVIS,the data is presented as the number of houses per acre to aid with interpretation and use in Texas). Table BA depicts the percentage of Pearland population and acres for WUI and the Figure H-23 4 illustrates this on a map. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 158 0 Table BA- Pearland WUI Population and Acres Housing Density wul Z Percent of WUI WlJl Acres Percent of WUl Population Population Acres LT 1hs/40ac 110 0.2% 4,759 12.9 % 1hs/40acto 1hs/20ac 177 0.3% 2,934 8.0 1hs/20acto 1hs/10ac 478 0.9% 3,956 10.7% 1hs/10acto 1hs/5ac 1,180 2.2% 4,509 12.2 % 1hs/5ac to 1hs/2ac 5,866 10.9% 8,368 22.7% 1hs/2ac to 3hs/lac 33,405 61.8% 11,343 30.8% GT 3hs/lac 12,834 23.7% 983 2.7% Total 54,050 100.0% 36,852 100.0% Figure H-24- Map of WUI for Pearland SOUTH HOUSTON r y 45 Pearland Wildland Urban Interface Q 1-LT 1 hs140 ac .�., ❑2-1 hs140 to 1 hs/20 ac 3-1 hS120 to 1 hsJ10 ac LM EO Aye - , y + 4-1 hs110 to 1 hsJ5 ac . .p, Ks" a ,. ■5-1 hS15 to 1 hs12 ac v uAGE .,. i ■8-1 hs12 t0 3 hslac t * ■7-GT 3 hslac i .. J� FR4�P � h •{' f - W w.�[oLPrr � " r- MAftVEL •- ifl2fl.i m r . i 1 � 6UF.I•!tiCF.VICF. d lews W-mfiee Risk Aase—m hnR:11—te.a—Wf,rerikwm The geographic area affected is considered Limited. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 159 0 Previous Occurrence The NCEI reported one previous wildfire event has been reported in Pearland. On February 18, 2018,Pearland Fire Departments responded to a large grass fire off Savannah Parkway. There were no reported structure damages, fatalities, or injuries. In the surrounding areas, there was one significant wildfire in Brookside Village, an adjacent municipality, which occurred in June 2011. Pearland's involvement was mutual aid. The City's Emergency Services reported three separate fires that covered over 100 acres. The City does not have the staff to handle fires of that magnitude and needed Brazoria County and Cypress to send fire and EMS to help. In 2011,helicopters dropped water south of the City to fight a large potential fire. In 2011, a farmer tried to do a controlled burn that got out of control catching a barn on fire. Future Occurrence Future probability is based in part on historical data. Given that there is only one record with historical building or property damage in Pearland as a result of wildfire, the future probability of a wildfire is occasional. Extent The Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal(TxWRAP) is the primary mechanism for Texas A&M Forest Service(TFS)to deploy wildfire risk information and create awareness about wildfire issues across the State. It is comprised of a suite of applications tailored to support specific workflow and information requirements for the public, local community groups,private landowners, government officials, hazard-mitigation planners, and wildland fire managers. Collectively these applications will provide the baseline information needed to support mitigation and prevention efforts across the State. TxWRAP uses a Characteristic Fire Intensity Scale (CFIS), see Figure H-25. The CFIS determines potential fire intensity based on high to extreme weather conditions, fuels, and topography. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 160 0-1 Figure H-25 - Texas Forest Service Characteristic Fire Intensit Scale (CFIS) 2017 Very small,discontinuous flames,usually less than one foot in length;very low Class 1 Very Low rate of spread;no spotting. Fires are typically easy to suppress by firefighters with basic training and non-specialized equipment. Small flames, usually less than two feet long;small amount of very short Class 2 Low range spotting possible.Fires are easy to suppress by trained firefighters with protective equipment and specialized tools. Flames up to 8 feet in length;short-range spotting is possible.Trained Class 3 Moderate firefighters will find these fires difficult to suppress without support from aircraft or engines,but dozer and plows are generally effective.Increasing potential for harm or damage to life and property. Large flames, up to 30 feet in length;short-range spotting common; medium Class 4 High range spotting possible.Direct attack by trained firefighters,engines,and dozers is generally ineffective, indirect attack may be effective.Significant potential for harm or damage to life and property. 'eery large flames up to 150 feet in length;profuse short-range spotting, Class 5 Very High frequent long-range spotting;strong fire-induced winds. Indirect attack marginally effective at the head of the fire.Great potential for harm or damage to life and property. The CFIS for the City of Pearland, depicted in Figure H-26 is considered between 2-3-low to moderate on the scale. Therefore, the maximum probable extent is considered Moderate. Figure H-26- City of Pearland CFIS levels (Source: Texas A&M Forest Service t- SOUTH HOUSTO ii f► V -- Pearland 41 • _ <,► L� ,�l�4 ,+' d �" +�' ., Characteristic FIS T' - - tl Q Non-Bumeble 1, 1(Very Low) wiHcoA ' ..., -� ,..� �..•� v n z(Low) [ ' Ica i 3(Moderate)I L 3.5 ( _ ,Y • n •.,� ®4(High) �� 4t-- i%eN',•�.t �' s�VEARLAID 04.5 �'Hr _ 'r*o. '- '!mil -•A1, -5(Very High) _ T t a ' •� _ t fiebww �TEXAS A&M I•i. Stlivlc:t a.,. Impact Wildfire could spread and burn property, crops, and structures in areas located closest to the WUI. As indicated by a significant wildfire in Brookside Village, the City of Pearland remains at some risk of wildfire and retains brush fire response capability and assets currently on inventory, for both City protection and response for mutual-aid in neighboring jurisdictions. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 161 Climate Change USGS reports, There isn't a direct relationship between climate change and fire, but researchers have found strong correlations between warm summer temperatures and large fire years, so there is consensus that fire occurrence will increase with climate change."hops://www.usgs.gov/faqs/will- global-warming-produce-more-frequent-and-more-intense-wildfires Social Vulnerability Smoke and air pollution form wildfires can be a significant health hazard for children, the elderly and those suffering from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Overall Vulnerability In Pearland, because there is little urban-wildland interface, there is negligible risk for wildfires. The potential magnitude of wildland fires in Pearland is variable,but generally considered unlikely because the area has relatively little fuel load, and the detection and suppression capabilities of the City are good — typical of a developed urban/suburban area. The potential for major or highly intense fires is very low. Based on a visual assessment of Figure H-26 of the Pearland Wildfire map, somewhere between 5 and 10 percent (4 to 8 square miles +/-) of the total land area in the City is considered to be at some risk of wildland fire. It should be noted, however, that these areas are generally on the fringes of the more developed areas, meaning that the potential for involvement with structures is limited. Absent a detailed study of the areas of close interface, it is not possible to say with any certainty the potential for damage to the built environment. The overall significance of Wildfire in Pearland is considered Medium. The National Risk Index shows risk is relatively low. Census tract 4803%60200 * Risk Index Is © Relatively High xo•e st." • . ••.. Risk Index Overview �� ...... �.u.rm.`. c...,....... :w.,<�. r4.........w c...w.ry w..,v. sx....y.roe.... Hazard Type Risk Ratings City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 162 Winter Storm (including Extreme Cold) UPDATE FROM LAST PLAN • Events since 2018 were updated and described. Hazard Description Winter Storm includes heavy snow and blizzards, sleet, ice storm (or freezing rain), frost/freeze or a mix of these. Severe winter weather can down trees, cause widespread power outages, damage property, and cause fatalities and injuries. The effect of severe winter storms on Texas is quite disruptive compared to other regions that normally experience severe winter weather.Winter storms can result in flooding, storm surge, closed highways, blocked roads, downed power lines and hypothermia. Extreme cold that often accompanies severe winter storms can also be independent of a storm. A heavy snowfall for the state is an accumulation of four or more inches of snow in a 12- hour period. This amount of snow accumulation usually occurs in the northern half of the state and in the higher elevations of West Texas and is rare in the District. Blizzards are the most perilous of all winter storms, characterized by low temperatures and strong winds in excess of 35 mph, bearing large amounts of blowing or drifting snow. Blizzards take a terrible toll on livestock and people caught in the open. In Texas, blizzards are most likely to occur in the Panhandle and South Plains Regions and are rare in the City of Pearland. An ice storm occurs when rain falls out of the warm upper layers of the atmosphere into a cold and dry layer near the ground. The rain freezes on contact with the cold ground and accumulates on exposed surfaces. Damage can occur with half an inch of rain freezing on trees and utility wires; the damage increases if there are high winds. Based on this, an icing event is categorized an ice storm at half an inch. Location Although winter storms in Texas occur less frequently than they do further north, they occur often enough to be considered a viable, seasonal threat. Texans are most familiar with four types of winter storms: snowstorms, blizzards, cold waves and ice storms. In Pearland, Texas snowstorms, cold waves and ice storms are most common. Generally,the winter storm season in Texas runs from late November to mid-March, although severe winter weather has occurred as early as October and as late as May in some areas. Within Pearland, the risk to people and property from winter weather cannot be distinguished by area; the hazard is reasonably predicted to have uniform probability of occurrence across the entire City. All people and assets are considered to have the same degree of exposure. Figure H-27 shows the average annual snowfall totals for the United States. The map shows southeastern Texas receives less than eight inches of snow per year. The geographic area affected is considered Extensive. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 163 il Figure H-27- United States Average Annual Snowfall Map Yok see ,. lPuirL-,arg Las Angr cs?! LttU• ,�Wr X 5 P�annx - •rb:l?;rid - h�rlrsi,Hn Areraye Annual 5nnxfaR } � Or M*tm Th A:, T77'}]Ai PlJ o %6 ~r. ° Mlaml i to' 8 nehcs Less than flinches Previous Occurrence For Brazoria County as a whole the NCEI reports there have been two ice storms, one winter storm and one winter weather event between 1950 and 2022. One additional winter storm was experienced in the City in 2021 culminating in a boil water notice until issues could be resolved. Although the query results begin in 1950 the first reported event is in 1997. The NCEI database is still being compiled for certain events prior to 1996, although presumably occurrences prior to this date follow the same pattern as found in the NCEI list. For this event, the NCEI database reported no fatalities, no injuries and no damages. One event occurred in the planning area since that last version of the Plan. Table BB summarizes the winter and ice storm events that have occurred in Pearland. While not captured in the database, a Presidential Declaration occurred in February 2021 (DR- 4586) after Winter Storm Uri dumped record amounts of snow on Texas, with the frigid temperatures and severe weather impacting all 254 counties in the state in February 2021. Millions of Texans lost power. Snow and ice paired with ultra-low temperatures caused widespread road closures and dangerous travel conditions. State emergency management leaders activated warming centers in communities across Texas and numerous personnel were deployed to assist stranded motorists and conduct welfare checks. The Texas Comptroller reported that Winter Storm Uri knocked out power for nearly 70 percent of Texans and disrupted water utilities, leaving many Texans without heat or running water for extended periods in the frigid cold. It resulted in between $80 billion and $130 billion in financial losses to the state economy, and what's more, claimed at least 210 lives. For Pearland, the February Winter Weather 2021 event moved into our area. A record freeze brought challenges for our state's power generation and delivery systems (ERCOT). Mainline City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 164 0 power interruptions challenged our generators which affected our Water Production and Wastewater systems and caused a series of cascading events. Compounding the issues created for our Water/Wastewater divisions was a decrease in water supply from City of Houston. The supply issues resulted in lower water pressure to our customers and culminated in a Boil Water Notice. Pearland was just one of many municipalities with a Boil Water Notice due to power outages; according to the Houston Chronicle, 2/3 of the Texas population was under a Boil Water Notice. Table BB - Winter Storms and Ice Storms within Chambers County 1996 - 2022 (Source: NOAA/NCEI) Property Description ' "Type DamageAM Freezing rain/sleet event occurred on the 12th-13th. Trees, powerlines and roadways were all effected. The weight of the ice caused trees and BRAZORIA Ice powerlines to snap/fall. Glazed (ZONE) 1/12/1997 Storm $0 roadways posed hazardous driving conditions. Over 1100 traffic accidents were reported in Southeast Texas which accounted for 3 deaths. Estimated damage was set at $800,000 across Southeast Texas. Snow accumulations of between 1 to BRAZORIA Winter near 3 inches occurred across the (ZONE) 12/04/2009 Storm $0 northern tier of the county. West Pearland reported the highest snow accumulation of around 2.5 inches. A period of freezing rain and freezing drizzle led to icy roads, especially BRAZORIA 2/3/2011 Storm $0 bridges and overpasses, and numerous accidents. Between one and two tenths of an inch of ice accumulated. BRAZORIA Winter Light snow was observed just to the (ZONE) 1/28/2014 Weather $0 west of the Pearland area. No accumulation was reported. Power outages and a boil water notice Pearland 2/14/2021 Winter $0 was issued for the area. Storm Generator blew causing a house fire. Totals: $0 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 165 0 Future Occurrence Future probability is based in part on historical data. Given that there are only five recorded events since 1996, the City can expect a winter storm or ice storm event once every 5.4 years on average. There is about a 18.5% chance of the City experiencing a winter storm or ice storm in any given year. The probability of future event is considered likely. Extent Pearland's subtropical climate makes snow accumulation rare. However, the Gulf of Mexico provides the moisture source when a strong Arctic cold front brings below freezing temperatures to southeastern Texas. When conditions are right, warmer moisture-laden air overrides the below- freezing temperatures near the surface and freezing rain and sleet result, creating ice to accumulate. Using the Sperry-Piltz Ice Accumulation Index Figure H-28, (SPAI Index), Pearland could expect to fall within a 0-3 ice damage index range. The maximum probably extent is considered Severe. Figure H-28—SPAI Index The Sperry-Piltz Ice Accumulation Index,or"SPIA Index"—Copyright,February,2009 ICE •AVERAGE NWS DAMAGE ICE AMOUNT WIND DAMAGE AND 52ACT INDEX on inches) (mph) DESCRIPTIONS •Revised-0ctobe5 2011 0 <015 <15 Minimal risk of damage to exposed utility systems; no alerts or advisories needed for crews,few outages. 1 0.10—0.25 15-25 Some isolated or localized utility interruptions are possible,typically lasting only a few hours.Roads 015—0.50 >15 and bridges may become slick and hazardous. 0.10—0.25 25-35 Scattered utility interruptions expected,typically 2 0.25—0.50 15-25 lasting 12 to 24 hours.Roads and travel conditions may be extremely hazardous due to ice accumulation. 5 <15 >=35 Numerous utility interruptions with some is as 0.25-0.50 25-35 damage to main feeder lines and equipment 0.50-0.75 15-25 expected. 7Yee limb damage is excessive. 0.75-1.00 <15 Outages lasting 1-5 days. 0.25-0.50 > 35 Prolonged&widespread utility interruptions 4 0.50-0.75 25-35 with extensive damage to main distribution 0.75-1.00 15-25 feeder lines&some high voltage transmission 1.00-1.50 <15 lines/structures. Outages lasting 5-10 days. ® tems,including both distribution and1 ® nsmission networks. Outages several weeks In some areas. Shelters needed. (Categories of damage are based upon combinations of precipitation totals,temperatures and wind speeds/directions.) Impact Winter storms in Texas, although not as numerous or severe as in the northern States, do occur and with sufficient severity to be a minor threat to people and property. Extreme cold temperatures are generally minimal in the area, with effects mainly limited to humans, although occasionally there may be relatively minor effects on infrastructure such as freezing pipes or electrical grids. Winter storms may place any and all residents within the District at risk of injury or death during any given occurrence. During extreme weather conditions, elderly persons, small children, and infants and/or the chronically ill who do not have adequate heating in their homes may become more vulnerable to injury or death. Many homes in the area have inadequate cold-weather pipe protection, so are at a greater risk of freezing and bursting water pipes when the outdoor temperature drops to 20°F. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 166 0 Pearland is in a climatic region that is unlikely to experience snow depths sufficient to cause significant property damage such as collapsed roofs. Climate Change The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tracks climate change indicators — one being heavy precipitation. On the website it states, "Climate change can affect the intensity and frequency of precipitation. Warmer oceans increase the amount of water that evaporates into the air. When more moisture-laden air moves over land or converges into a storm system, it can produce more intense precipitation—for example, heavier rain and snowstorms. The potential impacts of heavy precipitation include crop damage, soil erosion, and an increase in flood risk due to heavy rains(see the River Flooding indicator)—which in turn can lead to injuries, drownings, and other flooding- related effects on health." (httys://www.ei)a.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators- heavy-urecipitation) As a result of heavier rain and snowstorms due to climate change,the probability of more hazardous winter storm within the City may increase. Social Vulnerability While not all persons in poverty are homeless, it is the best data to surmise a percentage of the population that could be homeless. Those most vulnerable include the homeless, the disabled, and elderly are considered most susceptible to this hazard; the homeless due to their lack of shelter and the elderly due to their increased risk of injuries and death from falls and overexertion or hypothermia from attempts to clear snow and ice. Population —2021 100% 126,949 Persons 65 and older 10.9% 13,837 Persons with a Disability (under 65) 4.3% 5,458 Persons in Poverty 2.8% 3,555 TOTAL 17.0% 33,133 Overall Vulnerability According to the NCEI, there have been four winter storm and ice storm events within Pearland. In addition, there was one recent (February 2021) winter/ice storm Presidential Disaster (Winter storm Uri). While Pearland facilities are built to withstand freezing temperatures, some of the pipes could freeze from prolonged exposure. The City also plans to periodically perform engineering and structural surveys on City facilities to ensure that they are sufficiently protected from effects of hazards, including covering and protecting any exposed pipes. In addition to frozen pipes, severe winter weather can also down trees and limbs which can block ditches or damage equipment and in certain storms, exacerbate flooding. Community assets at risk include homes,businesses, public and private infrastructure, roads, community lifelines, sanitary sewers, and City personnel, equipment, and vehicles. The overall significance in the City is considered High. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 167 0 The National Risk Index shows risk is relatively moderate. r Census tract 48039660200 . Q DmeDwmlwO gir4lMe. J Risk Index is Relatively Nigh ,...,. J Score 94." •' � w..ai w.cmNc . 5 14 rP.+�xi n r wroiner u.A ' R.. e,rnrinp is IINetWNy N�l.lor CM �vr R ieen0)4660300. ..n com>rreE intM irM of R l,arveiv R I•.il.nd ..a„.• Risk Index Overview aw ..R.•r.e,nwua u.e .... ...__ Cup IUrnte A I ....,v Monee,. Hazard Type Risk Ratings � - (ree.e PePort Community Assets Paramount to analyzing risk is to understand what is at risk.Assets can be described in the following four categories: People, Economy, Built Environment and Natural Environment. Although all assets may be affected by hazards, some assets are more vulnerable because of their physical characteristics or socioeconomic importance to help identify potential vulnerabilities in the Pearland planning area. People: The health, safety, security and general well-being of the citizens of Pearland is of paramount importance to the City. The City focused on areas of dense population, access and functional need populations, children, populations that are dependent on assistance during emergencies and visiting populations. Economy: A thriving economy is also fundamental to the well-being of the City and its residents so considering factors like major employers, primary economic sectors, commercial centers; the loss or degradation of which would impact the community and the interdependence between business and government which is critical to the community's expeditious recovery from disasters. Natural Environment: The City identified critical areas that provide protective benefit or reduce the magnitude of an event and areas that need protection in the event of disaster. Built Environment: Per the Brazoria, Fort Bend and Harris County Appraisal Districts as of 2023, there are 36,665 total residential housing units and 1,128 commercial buildings located within the jurisdiction of Pearland. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 168 0 The following community assets are considered critical facilities by the City of Pearland. City-Owned Buildings. The City of Pearland owns or leases 38 public facilities. It also owns many parcels of land in various locations throughout the City (see Table BC for the list and Figure H-31 for the location). Table BC - Pearland Facilities City Buildings Street Address Animal Control 8311 Freedom Dr. City Hall 3519 Liberty Dr. City Hall Annex 3523 Liberty Dr. Fire Administration 2703 Veterans Dr(100-year) Tom Reid Library 3522 Liberty Dr. (500-year) Melvin Knapp Senior Center 2424 South Park Ave. Public Works Service Center 3501 East Orange Public Works Service Center(New) 2016 Old Alvin Rd. Public Works Satellite Service Center(Traffic) 2559 Hillhouse Rd. (100-year) Public Works Fleet Bldg. 2040 Old Alvin Public Works Facility Bldg. 3509 East Orange Westside Events Center 2150 Country Place Pkwy. West Pearland Library(New) 11801 Shadow Creek Pkwy. Fire Station#1 1571 Old Alvin Rd. (500-year) Fire Station#2 6050 Fite Rd. Fire Station#3 3207 Yost Fire Station#4 8325 Freedom Dr. Fire Station#5 3100 Kirby Fire Station#8 12255 Shadow Creek Pkwy. (500-year) Recreation Center&Natatorium 4141 Bailey Rd. (100-year) Stella Roberts Recycling Center 5800 Magnolia Plcwy. Delons Fenwick Nature Center 5750 Magnolia Plcwy. Public Safety Building 2555 Cullen Pkwy. Barry Rose WWTP Administration Bldg. 1902.5 Barry Rose St. Longwood WWTP Administration Bldg. 2727 Dixie Farm Rd. John Hargrove WWTP Administration Bldg. 3423 Harkey Reflection Bay WWTP Administration Bldg. 1818 Reflection Bay Dr. South Down WWTP Administration Bldg. 3711 Soho Dr. Alice Water Well Administration Bldg. 3702 Alice St. Garden Rd. Water Well Administration Bldg. 13711 Garden Rd. McLean Water Well Administration Bldg. 2838 McLean Rd.. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 169 City Buildings Street Address Magnolia Water Well Administration Bldg. 3812 Magnolia.Rd. Liberty Water Well Administration Bldg. 3503 Liberty Dr. FM518 Water Well Administration Bldg. 1801 E. Broadway Cullen Water Well Administration Bldg. 2529 Cullen Bailey/SE Water Well Administration Bldg. 3945 Wells Dr.(100-year) Southdown Water Well Administration Bldg. 1003 E. Belgravia Kirby Water Well Administration Bldg. 3110 Kirby Dr. Public Schools The Pearland Independent School District operates the City's 23 public schools and six facility buildings. (Figure H-32). There are 4 High Schools (grade 9-12), 4 Junior High Schools (grade 7- 8), 4 Middle Schools (grades 5-6) ,11 Elementary Schools (grades PK-4) and 6 support facilities (Transportation, Maintenance, Agricultural, West Side Transportation, Education Support and Administration Buildings). While not part of the Pearland ISD, Alvin ISD (9) and Pasadena ISD (1) also have schools in the City. Hospital and Nursing Homes While not owned or operated by the City,the City nonetheless regards hospitals and nursing homes to be critical facilities, essential to the well-being of City residents. There are 3 hospitals, 3 free standing emergency rooms, 4 nursing homes, and 18 assisted living facilities located in Pearland. Wastewater Treatment Plants The City of Pearland owns and operates five wastewater treatment facilities and associated sewage collection systems and treats 100 percent of wastewater collected. The current permitted total capacity of the plants is 11.55 million gallons per day (MGD). The existing City-wide sanitary sewage system consists of approximately 408 miles of collection lines and 76 sanitary sewerage lift stations. The system relies on gravity to move the wastewater to the treatment facilities. When gravity is insufficient, lift stations are used. Major wastewater system components are described below: • Longwood Water —Built in 1965, expanded in 1985, and again in 2000. Flooding from Tropical Storm Allison inundated the surrounding area to a depth of 5-6" but no flooding occurred in the plant and there were no service disruptions. Nonetheless,the City maintains an emergency response plan for this facility. A primary emergency generator provides backup power and a contract is in place with an environmental contractor for emergency response for spills. Liquid Bleach (Chlorine) and Liquid Sodium Bisulfite are stored on- site. The plant reached the limits of its capacity and there are six phases in progress to redirect the flows from the Longwood facility to the Barry Rose and John Hargrove reclamation facilities. Full decommissioning of this facility is scheduled in 2025. During and after Hurricane Harvey, the facility was offline for four days as it sustained flood damage. While it is currently working, it is undergoing rehabilitation. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 170 0 • John Hargrove Environmental Complex (JHEC) - Southwest Environmental Center (SWEC) will be renamed to John Hargrove Environmental Center with the next permit update. This chemical-free facility,which began service on April 26, 2000,has its own self- contained generator and has experienced no disruption of service. Emergency response is provided under a contract with Gardener environmental. This facility was online during and after Hurricane Harvey. • Barry Rose Water — Built in 1965, this facility was expanded in 1985 and again in 2000. The facility has an emergency response plan and emergency generator power. It has no history of disruption of service. Liquid bleach (Chlorine) and Liquid Sodium Bisulfite are stored on-site. During and after Hurricane Harvey, the facility was offline for three days. While it sustained flood damage, it is now fully operational. • Reflection Bay Water Reclamation Facility, called Far Northwest—This chemical-free plant was brought on-line in July 2003 and is equipped with a self-contained generator and is a chemical-free plant. This facility was online during and after Hurricane Harvey. • Southdown WRF — This plant was acquired back in 2005. This plant has its own self- contained generator and has experienced no disruption of service. Liquid Bleach(Chlorine) is stored on-site. This facility was online during and after Hurricane Harvey. Water Supply Facilities The City's water supply is derived from three sources. The City owns six water towers and ten water supply wells that provide the majority of the water supplied to City residents and businesses. The City's secondary water supply is purchased from the City of Houston and supplied via two surface water connections. A third source of supply is from raw water from the Gulf Coast Water Authority's American and Briscoe Canal System. 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O ip i Q A R b Z B4 am� (0� 1➢ 10 n} ��/1 A h Y g Garden. .._ A rvi m m m m n d IA N W M dry d r d �y 14 Marvel Rdcw Q St me Rd. .9 «g_q° z M m � aEaE�cEsvec=zio'd � hTy m m a m i,m r=t d.89 c rc r=t t4 F+I �e Coum W `�u+9 W 3 W �—� Cullen Blvdrt. p a c m n� vee Au5 V AO w.�x.pp � N Np�LA _ppm v�i d pp �4 Q�Y N �n'I � ❑ C T N�IA M IA N C M�N R M TN w �P CO Or - — - - - ,l � 2 Caun Ad.99 (p Cd E �a«A�C3 X _ Ay � w� Ea & � Eaa °ram a)` 2LLI E1 cd1W I�Y 2S2 5ICY 2�8 M V1im =�Nb`Cy� 8 (6 rY wr rn r 0 0 U c Analyze Risk Once establishment of the hazard areas, extent, impact, and probability are complete and community assets identified, analysis can be conducted to identify where community specific vulnerabilities and problem areas exist. In addition to this information, community assets were also reviewed. Throughout this process, the City updated its critical infrastructure list to better assess what, exactly, is at risk. Using this information and the most recent experiences from 2019- 2023, the City ranked the hazards and developed actions to mitigate those hazards. Hazard rankings were based on the impact to assets and hazard analysis. Hazards were ranked using a high, medium, or low ranking, defined as follows: Low Unlikely to occur in area and impact is negligible. Medium Likely to occur in area, with moderate impact. High Highly likely to occur in area and impact could cause significant damage including fatalities. Summarize Vulnerability Once establishment of the hazard areas, extent, impact and probability are complete and community assets identified, analysis can be conducted to identify where community specific vulnerabilities and problem areas exist. Using this information and the most recent experience of Hurricane Harvey, the City ranked the hazards and developed actions to help mitigate those hazards. The ranking list is in Table BD. Table BD - Hazard Ranking Hazard Rank HIGH MEDIUM LOW Drought High Extreme Heat High Flood High Hail Medium Hurricane and Tropical Storm High Lightning Medium Severe Thunderstorm and High Wind Medium Tornado Medium Wildfire Medium Winter Storm High All hazards were profiled. Hazards that were deemed low were omitted from the plan update. Hazards deemed medium and high, vulnerability assessments were completed and mitigation actions to mitigate the hazard were included the mitigation action table. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 174 c Section 4. Mitigation Strategy Update from Last Plan • Updated mitigation goal • Separated the status of the existing actions into completed or removed tables. The on- going actions were placed into the current hazard mitigation table, status provided and rank reassessed. • For each action, discussed future conditions and vulnerable populations Mitigation Strategy The City of Pearland aspires to be a resilient, disaster-resistant community that can withstand disaster and rapidly recover from a disaster while also preserving the natural and developed environments. Pearland has developed a range of policies, programs, and procedures to serve as a framework for its hazard mitigation strategy. Strategies include daily operations that contribute to reducing the impact of future hazards as well as specific hazard mitigation projects. In addition to its focus on evaluation and improvement of City-owned structures, the City's strategy also encourages best practices for private property owners to improve and upgrade their properties, thereby reducing their exposure to risk. The City also works with other local, county, and regional organizations toward mitigation actions that meet the City's objective of migrating risks due to natural hazards, without creating new problems. This plan emphasizes mitigation goals and actions focusing on activities that occur prior to a natural hazard that reduce damage when disasters strike. These actions, driven by risk assessment, include structural improvements to existing buildings and infrastructure, land use decisions that will minimize damage and programs that preserve the natural resources of the City such as the Tree Protection and Preservation program. While developing new mitigation actions, the MPC carefully considered preventative activities (e.g., planning and zoning and hazard mapping), property protection (e.g., acquisitions, critical facility improvements), natural resource protection (floodplain protection), structural projects (storm sewer, roads and buildings), emergency services (warning systems, training) and public information and awareness (outreach, education and training). The first step of the mitigation strategy involved review of the current plan's mitigation goal, to assess whether it remains reflective of the City's mitigation strategy. To better align the mitigation strategy with the City's Strategic Priorities, a slight modification was made to the mitigation goal. In addition to its focus on evaluation and improvement of City-owned structures, the City's strategy also encourages best practices for private property owners to improve and upgrade their properties, thereby reducing their exposure to risk. The City also works with other local, county, and regional organizations toward mitigation actions that meet the City's objective of migrating risks due to natural hazards, without creating new problems. The Mitigation Goal for this update is as follows: City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 175 c Mitigation Goal PEARLAND MITIGATION GOAL The goal of this plan is to support the City of Pearland's ' Protect natural resources efforts to protect the community's health, safety, and welfare by identifying and � •" Increase education, outreach, and F awareness striving to engage the increasing public awareness of whole Pearland striving to engage natural hazards, and mitigatin - the whole Pearland community risks due to those hazard without creating new prob In addition, The City will wo ^k Minimize and to: prevent damage to �' �� public and private � m buildings and c�;Qr► infrastructureand federal agencies r� • �aLReduce economic losses Increase cooperation .. ;� and coordination among private entities, local agencies, state agencies Status of Actions from the Current Mitigation Plan The MPC went through each action from the 2019 to provide a status of the action and to determine if the action was completed, ongoing, no longer a priority so will be removed or changed. 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Ct .a U ct s0". cu x �a a> In cz a ca •� ° U a .tbcu •'" bio ., -0 U ww � ocz Q U U N M N N N H O ¢ cz O cz ct ct o cn ct c C) �-i N Z N U cz ct O, U p cr N O Q " —Ct y W C° Z � � � -� o � � W > W � � O O Ct cc m O U O •� oo O y a v �O cz If) •C r O 3 U •.. N b() N �. o oc oc y o o •� cz a cz 7� a n cd o m cz o 2 cu H Q J cu x <a c� a) o 7� U ct o o o ) a) U N N c Identification of New Actions After a review of the actions in the current plan, the MPC began a process to identify new actions. The MPC utilized a version of FEMA's Mitigation Implementation Action Summary Worksheet to help describe important information about the action. In addition, the MPC tried to determine impacts from climate adaptation and on socially vulnerable populations. After the actions were prioritized(discussed next section),the Actions Summary Worksheets were converted into the Mitigation Action Table. Evaluate and Prioritize In order to evaluate feasibility and analyze prioritization of actions, all new and existing actions were reviewed by the MPC. The process utilized the Mitigation Action Implementation Tool. The MPC was asked to consider the feasibility of identified mitigation actions as high, medium, or low and using the Mitigation Action Evaluation Tool (Life Safety, Property Protection, Technical, Political, Legal, Environmental, Social, Administration, Local Champion, and Other Community Objectives)rank the category 1-10 with 1 being a low priority for the category and 10 being a high for the category. Descriptions of the criteria are in Figure MS-1. Figure MS-I Description of Evaluation Criteria for Mitigation Prioritization Example Evaluation Criteria Life Safety— How effective will the action be at protecting lives and preventing injuries? Property Protection—How significant will the action be at eliminating or reducing damage to structures and infrastructure? Technical—Is the mitigation action technically feasible?Is it a long-term solution?Eliminate actions that,from a technical standpoint,will not meet the goals. Political—Is there overall public support for the mitigation action?Is there the political will to support it? Legal—Does the community have the authority to implement the action? Environmental—What are the potential environmental impacts of the action?Will it comply with environmental regulations? Social—Will the proposed action adversely affect one segment of the population?Will the action disrupt established neighborhoods, break up voting districts,or cause the relocation of lower income people? Administrative—Does the community have the personnel and administrative capabilities to implement the action and maintain it or will outside help be necessary? Local Champion—Is there a strong advocate for the action or project among local departments and agencies that will support the action's implementation? Other Community Objectives—Does the action advance other community objectives,such as capital improvements,economic development,environmental quality,or open space preservation?Does it support the policies of the comprehensive plan? Low is defined as 1-50; Medium is defined as 51-75; and High is defined as 76-100. The results are depicted in Table BF. The addressed hazards were also provided. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 189 c The Mitigation Action Table for the 2023 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update is listed below at Table BG. Table BF -Ranking of hazards to Determine Priority Level Addressed Hazard D: Drought EH: Extreme Heat Action F: Flood (no.) MITIGATION ACTION SUMMARY OF PRIORITIZATION P H: Hail Moved r HrrS: Hurricane/Tropical Storm TOTAL SCORE BETWEEN 1-50 HAZARD IS LOW PRIORITY(L) from i L: Lightning 2019 TOTAL SCORE BETWEEN 51-75 HAZARD IS MEDIUM PRIORITY(M) T o T/HW: Thunderstorm/High Wind actions TOTAL SCORE BETWEEN 76-100 HAZARD IS HIGH PRIORITY(H) o r T: Tornado to t i W: Winter storm Action current a t WF: Wildfire No. actions I 1 3 Generators 94 H EH,F,H/TS,L,T/HW,T W 2 4 Disaster Ready Contracts 93 H F,H/TS,T/HW,T,W 3 Veterans Drainage Improvements Walnut to Marys Creek 88 H F H/TS,T/HW 4 Southwest Quadrant of Old Town Mclean to SH35 south of Broadway) 88 H F H/TS,T/HW Shady Crest and Creek View Subdivision Drainage Improvements(East&West 51 Circle/Shad Crest) 881 H F H/TS T/HW 6 6 Master Drainage Plan 87 H F H/TS T/HW 7 Pine Hollow Drainage Improvements 87 H F H/TS T/HW 8 Longwood Estates roadside ditch and culverts 86 H F H/TS,T/HW 9 Tranquility Lakes Detention pump station Rehabilitation and Generator 86 H F,H/TS,T/HW 1 D E.Plumb Old Alvin to Barry Rose Road 84 H F,H/TS,T/HW 11 Isla,N.Galveston,Cheryl Drive 84 H F,H/TS,T/HW 121 Harke Road Draina a(Broadway to Mar 's Creek 831 H I F,H/TS,T/HW 13 Fite Road(Harkey to Cullen 82 H F,H/TS,T/HW 14 Hatfield Road FM518 to Hickory Slough) 82 H F,H/TS,T/HW 15 Fite Road(Harkey to McLean 82 H F,H/TS,T/HW 16 Wagon Trail Road south of Fite to Marys Creek roadside ditch and culverts 82 H F,H/TS,T/HW 17 SCR-Ocean Point Ct 100 Year Overflow at Cul-De-Sac 82 H F,H/TS,T/HW 18 Retrofit generators with dual fuel capabilities Natural Gas and Diesel 79 H EH,F,H/TS,L,T/HW,T,W 191 18 High Water Vehicles and Boats 781 H I F,H/TS,T/HW 20 10 SRL and RL Properties 72 M F,H/TS,T/HW 21 Hickory Slough Middle Segment 72 M F,H/TS,T/HW 22 Cowart Creek Segment 16 72 M F,H/TS,T/HW 23 Marys Creek Upper Segment 72 M F,H/TS,T/HW 24 Marys Creek Middle Segment 72 M F,H/TS,T/HW 25 Marys Creek Lower Segment 72 M F,H/TS,T/HW 261 Hickory Slough Lower Segment 721 M I F H/TS,T/HW 27 Hickory Slough Upper Segment 72 M F,H/TS,T/HW 28 Increase Citys drinking water storage infrastructure and water availability 67 M D 29 Deployable medical unit that can provide emergency support during extreme heat events 64 M EH 3D 25 Acquisition of homes that were flooded in and outside of SFHA 62 M F/H/TS 31 Lightning detection systems for Parks and Recreation areas 60 M L 32 Retrofit existing buildings to help with cooling centers 58 M EH 331 Vulnerability assessment of public buildings and facilities from winter storm effects 581 M I W 34 1 Flood Proofing Cit of Pearland Buildings 57 M F,H/TS,T/HW 35 Retrofit City building with lightning mitigation equipment 55 M L 36 Alternative water supplies 53 M D 37 Seek grants to support personnel and equipment to mitigate wildfires 52 M WF 38 Create of a Community Wildfire Protection Plan 52 M WF 39 Expand covered parking at publicfacilities 51 M H 401 Hail vulnerability assessment 1 501 L IH 411 lGrants to support lightning mitigation measures for residents 1 491 L IL City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 190 c Table BG- Mitigation Actions ACTION NO. 1 (moved from current plan (no. 3) into new actions) Title: GENERATORS (including lead time topurchase) Hazard(s) Addressed Description 9.LAction Implementing Department Hurricane Harvey provided a worst-case Extreme Heat scenario that in real-time, demonstrated the need to have generators in place at all of Flood Emergency Management— Hurricane/TS the utilities, Emergency Management Coordinator Lightning facilities, other critical government Engineering/Capital Projects - Thunderstorm/HW buildings for continuity of service, and City Engineer Tornados shelters to ensure continuity of service at Public Works - Wildfire utilities as well as for emergency Director Winter storm management facilities and shelters. Find way to reduce lead time for purchase of generators no more than 12 months). Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants (HMPG, EMPG) $900,000 Existing Building and Infrastructure Capital Projects Budget each H 5 to 10 Years and/or New Development Cost eneht (av(ided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Popu ations Review Power loss can have devastating impacts on drinking water and wastewater utilities and the communities they serve, can Continued and growing threats to the make firefighting difficult and power of critical infrastructure requires the Protecting critical infrastructure cause local health care facilities need for backup power sources. provides for the health and safety of and restaurants to close. Power the population. loss can also impact emergency management efforts during a disaster and impede recovery efforts. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 191 c ACTION NO. 2 (moved from current plan (no. 4) into new actions) Title: DISASTER READY CONTRACTS Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Supply contracts for gas, rescue and debris Flood removal equipment, flotation devices, Hurricane/TS sandbags, barricades, and other necessary City Administration—Business Thunderstorms/HW supplies in response to a natural disaster Administrator Tornados must be competitively bid, awarded with a Winter storm three-year contract. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate IL � Federal Grants, Capital Projects $5,000- Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget $10,000 H 5 to 10 Years and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The City is in the process of designing the policies and This will allow for rapid response of future Ensuring continuity of service after procedures to prepare climatic hazard events. a climatic event provides for the procurement and contracting for health and safety of the population. supply contracts. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 192 c ACTION NO. 3 Title: VETERANS DRAINAGE IMPROVEMENTS (WALNUT TO MARY'S CREEK) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The project will encompass the installation of a below ground stormwater conveyance system and replace the roadside ditches. This will connect to the stormwater system Flood that was installed with the Walnut road Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS construction project to Mary's Creek via a City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW underground conveyance system. The project will install approximately 3,000 Director feet of stormwater drainage pipe and convert from road-side ditch to an underground system with shallow swales. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: _Potential Funding Sources Estimate Existing Building and Infrastructure Federal Grants, Capital Projects $10,980,000 H 5 to 10 Years and/or Budget New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review 9F Vulnerable Populations Review The stormwater system will be The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any sized to convey the flows per the Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the EDCM requirements and also stormwater 2022)requires that in areas area. The future road development have capacity for the future served by closed systems, stormwater may require 100 ft. ROW that will expansion of Veteran's Road to runoff should be conveyed during the 100- not affect any homes,just a few 4 lanes mitigating flooding in year frequency storm without flooding of property lines. the area. structures. This is accomplished through the design of the street system, the storm sewer system, and other drainage/detention systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 193 c ACTION NO. 4 Title: SOUTHWEST QUANDRANT OF OLD TOWN (MCLEAN TO SH35 SOUTH OF BROADWAY) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The project area, located in the Old Town area, is bound by Broadway Street on the North, Walnut St on the South, McLean St on the West, and the Railroad tracks on the East. Drainage improvements for the subdivision will require the Flood removal/replacement of driveways, Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS sidewalks, and driveway culverts, utility City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW adjustments, and the regrading of the roadside ditches to improve the drainage Director conveyance. The project will also include mill and overlay of existing asphalt pavement within the project limit. The drainage system will be upgraded to meet the current EDCM drainage standards. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget $10,179,000 H 5 to 10 Years and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review This is an older neighborhood The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any with the subdivision plat date of Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the 1894. Several homes in the area stormwater 2022) requires that in areas area. have a history of repetitive served by closed systems, stormwater flooding and the area is in the runoff should be conveyed during the 100- 100-year floodplain. This could year frequency storm without flooding of protect the homes from flooding. structures. This is accomplished through the design of the street system, the storm sewer system, and other drainage/detention systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 194 c ACTION NO. 5 Title: SHADY CREST AND CREEK VIEW SUBDIVISION DRAINAGE IMPROVEMENTS (EAST & WEST CIRCLE/SHADY CREST) Hazard(s) Addressed = Description of Action Implementing Department The project area, located in Creek View Subdivision and Shady Crest Subdivision, is bound by Broadway Street on the North and Mary's Creek on the South. Drainage improvements for the subdivision will require the removal/replacement of Flood driveways, sidewalks, and driveway Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS culverts, utility adjustment, and the City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW regrading of the roadside ditches to improve the drainage conveyance. The Director project will also include mill and overlay of existing asphalt pavement within the project limit. The drainage system will be upgraded to meet the current EDCM drainage standards. Cost priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Fundin Sources Estimate Existing Building and Infrastructure Federal Grants, Capital Projects 14,378,000 H 5 to 10 Years and/or Budget New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review This is an older neighborhood The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any with the subdivision plat date of Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the 1955. Several homes in the area stormwater 2022) requires that in areas area. have a history of repetitive served by closed systems, stormwater flooding and the area is in the runoff should be conveyed during the 100- 500-year floodplain. This could year frequency storm without flooding of protect these homes from structures. This is accomplished through flooding the design of the street system, the storm sewer system, and other drainage/detention systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 195 c ACTION NO. 6 (moved from current plan (no. 6 name changed from Drainage Projects) into new actions) Title: MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN Hazard(s) Addressed AL Description of Action Implementing Department The City completed the Master Drainage Plan (MDP) in 2019 which identified many new potential regional drainage projects. As the projects are large in scale, currently, one portion of one of the identified projects Hickory Slough Engineering/Capital Projects - Flood detention work, has been funded through Hurricane/TS the City's CIP budget. City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW The 2019 MDP is being updated to generate new models using new 1D and Director 2D modeling which will help identify projects at a neighborhood level. The scope will also include the update to section 5 of the Engineering Drainage Criteria Manual (EDCM). Cost INNw- Potential Funding Sources Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget $1,000,000 H 3 to 5 years and/or New Development Cost Benefit avoided losses Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The use of a new 21) hydraulic Next generation modeling will help show Design took into account any modeling, the MDP will also be increased depth of rainfall which will help potential negative impacts to the able to recommend small capital with the H&H data used for the design to area. improvement drainage meet the risk. improvement at a neighborhood level. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 196 c ACTION NO. 7 Title: PINE HOLLOW DRAINAGE IMPROVEMENTS Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Pine Hollow Subdivision is in the eastern side of the City, south of FM 518. The drainage project includes the improvement Engineering/Capital Projects - Flood of the drainage system from Pine Tree Dr. Hurricane/TS to Mary's Creek Bypass Channel to City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW include the installation of box culverts, storm pipe and an additional outfall. The Director project was identified in Staffs hurricane Harvey after action. Cost q1F Potential Funding Sources Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Existing Building and Infrastructure Federal Grants, Capital Projects and/or Budget $5,530 000 H 2-5 Years New Development qr fhost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The proposed drainage The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any improvement project will reduce Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the the potential for flooding of the stormwater 2022)requires that in areas area. residential homes. This project served by closed systems, stormwater was identified in staffs runoff should be conveyed during the 100- Hurricane Harvey year frequency storm without flooding of Assessment. structures. This is accomplished through the design of the street system, the storm sewer system, and other drainage/detention systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 197 e ACTION 8 Title: LONGWOOD PARK ESTATES (ROADSIDE DITCH AND CULVERTS) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The project area, located in the Longwood Park, is bounded between Broadway Street, Pearland City Limits, Longwood Drive and Clear Creek. Drainage improvements for the subdivision will Flood require removal/replacement of driveways, Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS driveway culverts and regrading of the City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW roadside ditches to improve drainage conveyance. The project will also include Director asphalt repairs to those areas affected by the project. The drainage system be updated to meet the current drainage standards. Cost priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects 4838 sting Building and Infrastructure Budget , 000 H 2 to 5 years Exi and/or New Development IMEW Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Several homes in the area have a The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design considered any potential history of repetitive flooding, Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated negative impacts to the area. even though only a portion of stormwater 2022)requires that in areas the subdivision is located in the served by closed systems, stormwater 100-year floodplain. This could runoff should be conveyed during the 100- help mitigate the flooding. year frequency storm without flooding of structures. This is accomplished through the design of the street system, the storm sewer system, and other drainage/detention systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 198 e ACTION 9 Title: TRANQUILITY LAKES DETENTION PUMP STATON REHABILITATION AND GENERATOR Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Upgrade the existing undersize storm water lift station and force main at Tranquility Lakes Detention. The system provides the removal of stormwater from the pond and forces the water to the BDD4 Flood drainage ditch on the north side of FM518. Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS The existing 4"pumps and 4" force main City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW will be replaced with the appropriate size Public Works - system to meet the EDCM criteria for a Director pumped stormwater system. The station is located at a critical detention pond that requires a permanent backup generator with an automatic transfer switch during times of power loss. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $4,590 000 H 3 to 10 years Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Due to the critical nature of this Pumps and force main will be designed to Capital investments improve health, storm water pump station, it will the EDCM criteria. safety, access, or opportunity for help prevent flooding. the people in the impacted area. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 199 c ACTION 10 Title: E. PLUMB (OLD ALVIN TO Schlieder Drive.) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The project area is located between Old Alvin Rd and Schlieder Dr. along E Plum Street. Approximately 2000 LF drainage improvements for the project limits will require the removal/replacement of Flood driveways, driveway culverts, storm Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS system, inlets, utility adjustment, and City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW regrading of the roadside ditches to Public Works - improve the drainage conveyance. The Director project will also include mill and overlay of existing asphalt pavement within the project limit. The drainage system will be upgraded to meet the current EDCM drainage standards. Cost riori y Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential FundingSources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $1,890 000 H 5 to 10 Years xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget an or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The project area lies outside of a All the City of Pearland open channels will Design took into account any 100-year and 500-year be designed to contain the runoff from the potential negative impacts to the floodplain. The existing 100-year frequency storm within the right- area. drainage system is undersized of-way, except where channel and functions poorly. It could improvements are necessary to offset help mitigate flooding. increased flows from a proposed development. In those cases, the 100-year flood profile under existing conditions of development should not be increased. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 200 c ACTION 11 Title: ISLA, N. GALVESTON, CHERYL DRIVE Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The proposed project includes the improvement of the street and drainage along Isla Dr.,N Galveston St., and Cheryl Dr. These roadways are located between Flood Orange Street and Old Town Ditch. The Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS project will include the removal of the City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW existing concrete road, asphalt roadway Public Works - pavement, roadside ditches, and associated Director drainage culverts, utility adjustment, and replacement with a City Standard concrete curb and gutter roadway with underground storm sewers. Cost Potential Funding Sources Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects $5,414,000 H 3 to 10 Years Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget New Development -ArCost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Located in the old town site All the City of Pearland open channels will Design took into account any north of E Orange Street west be designed to contain the runoff from the potential negative impacts to the side of Old Alvin Road and East 100-year frequency storm within the right- area. of SH 35, the drainage system of-way, except where channel along N Galveston improvements are necessary to offset Rd, Isla Dr, and Cheryl Dr. are increased flows from a proposed poorly functioning. This could development. In those cases, the 100-year help mitigate flooding. flood profile under existing conditions of development should not be increased. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 201 e ACTION 12 Title: HARKEY ROAD DRAINAGE (BROADWAY TO MARY'S CREEK) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The proposed project improves the Street and drainage of Harkey Rd and will include removal of existing two-lane asphalt roadway pavement, roadside ditches, and drainage culverts, utility adjustment, and Flood replacement with a new 4-lane divided Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS boulevard curb and gutter concrete City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW roadway with underground storm sewers. Public Works - The roadway limits to be reconstructed and Director widened are from FM 518 to the existing Mary's Creek Bridge—approximately 4,800 feet. Will also include land acquisition for stormwater detention to mitigate the potential stormwater impact. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $22 868,000.00 H 2 to 5 years xisting Building and Infrastructur Budgetalicu or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review ulnerable Populations Review This corridor experiences The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any nuisance flooding along the Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the roadway and into yards, stormwater 2022) requires that in areas area. The future road development swelling at cross streets. served by closed systems, stormwater may require 4,800ft. ROW and land Repetitive flood loss of runoff should be conveyed during the 100- acquisition for a stormwater Josephine Rd properties adjacent year frequency storm without flooding of detention to mitigate the potential to Harkey Rd is associated with structures. This is accomplished through stormwater impact the poor drainage conveyance the design of the street system, the storm capacity of Harkey Road. It sewer system, and other drainage/detention could help mitigate flooding. systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 202 c ACTION 13 Title: FITE ROAD (HARKEY TO CULLEN) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The project area is located between Harkey Rd on the east and Cullen Pkwy on the west. Approximately 10,500 LF drainage improvements for Fite Road also include Drainage improvement along the west side of Manvel Rd to Mary's Creek outfall. Will require the removal/replacement of Flood driveways, driveway culverts, and the Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS regrading of the roadside ditches to improve City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW the drainage conveyance. The project will Public Works - also include mill and overlay of existing Director asphalt pavement within the project limit and may require additional right-of-way (ROW) to install the proposed ditch. The drainage system will be upgraded to meet the current EDCM drainage standards. Potential Funding Sources Cost Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects $11 581 000.00 H 2-5 years Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The area is mostly located in The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any 100-year and 500-year Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated stormwater potential negative impacts to the floodplains with poorly 2022) requires that in areas served by closed area. ROW may be required to functioning ditch systems. This systems, stormwater runoff should be install a proposed ditch. could help mitigate flooding. conveyed during the 100-year frequency storm without flooding of structures. This is accomplished through the design of the street system, the storm sewer system, and other drainage/detention systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 203 c ACTION 14 Title: HATFIELD ROAD (FM518 TO HICKORY SLOUGH) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The project area is located between FM 518 and Hickory Slough along Hatfield Road. Approximately 6,600 LF drainage improvements for Hatfield Rd. will require the removal/replacement of driveways, Flood driveway culverts, Storm system, inlets, Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS utility adjustment, and regrading of the City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW roadside ditches to improve the drainage conveyance. The project will also include Director mill and overlay of existing asphalt pavement within the project limit. The drainage system will be upgraded to meet the current EDCM drainage standards. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $4,631 000 H 2 to 5 years Existing Building and Infrastructu Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The project site lies outside of The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any 100-year and 500-year Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the floodplain,but the roadside stormwater 2022)requires that in areas area. ditch system holds water for a served by closed systems, stormwater long time after each rainfall runoff should be conveyed during the 100- event due to inefficient drainage year frequency storm without flooding of system. Hurricane Harvey GIS structures. This is accomplished through dashboard indicate flooding of the design of the street system, the storm the street as well as homes in sewer system, and other drainage/detention Hatfield Road. systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 204 c ACTION 15 Title: FITE ROAD (HARKEY TO MCLEAN) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Extending 5300 feet from Harkey to McLean Road, this project will make drainage improvements to roadside ditches, upsize, and align driveway culvert Engineering/Capital Projects - Flood crossings, and improve outfalls at the Hurricane/TS Corrigan Ditch. The work will include City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW improving ditch flow lines, replacing Director undersized culverts and will include full depth base repairs in failed areas and an asphalt overlay. Cost Potential Funding Sources Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects $7 205 000 H 5 to 10 Years [xistinaBuildin and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review This area is characterized by The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any small, shallow under-maintained Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the roadside ditches with years of stormwater 2022)requires that in areas area. ROW may be required to uncoordinated driveway culvert served by closed systems, stormwater install a proposed ditch. installations. runoff should be conveyed during the 100- During heaver rains events the year frequency storm without flooding of Corrigan ditch will back up structures. This is accomplished through through outfalls and surcharge the design of the street system, the storm the roadside ditches swelling out sewer system, and other drainage/detention into the narrow systems. roadway making travel hazardous and threatening lower-lying residential properties. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 205 e ACTION 16 Title: WAGON TRAIL ROAD (SOUTH OF FITE TO MARY'S CREEK) (Roadside ditch and culverts) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The project area is located between South Fite Rd and Mary's Creek along Wagon Trail Rd. Approximately 2100 LF drainage improvements for the project limits will require the removal/replacement of Flood driveways, driveway culverts, and Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS regrading of the roadside ditches to City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW improve the drainage conveyance. The Public Works - project will also include mill and overlay Director of existing asphalt pavement within the project limits. The drainage system will be upgraded to meet the current EDCM drainage standards. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $1,436,000 H 2 to 5 years xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) AM Climate Ada tation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The area is mostly located in The City's Engineering Design Criteria Design took into account any 100-year and 500-year Manual (EDCM-2020. Updated potential negative impacts to the floodplain with poorly stormwater 2022) requires that in areas area. functioning ditch system. The served by closed systems, stormwater proposed project will improve runoff should be conveyed during the 100- conveyance and reduce flooding year frequency storm without flooding of of the properties. . structures. This is accomplished through the design of the street system, the storm sewer system, and other drainage/detention systems. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 206 c ACTION 17 Title: SCR-OCEAN POINT CT. 1000 YEAR OVERFLOW AT CUL-DE-SAC Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Several homes in the Shadow Creek Ranch Subdivision in the vicinity of Ocean Point Ct received floodwater during Hurricane Harvey. The Ocean Point Ct. cul-de-sac worked as an extreme event Flood sheet flow path during Hurricane Harvey. Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS A review of the depth of flooding in homes City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW (up to 6") and a recorded drawing of the Public Works - subdivision indicated that removal of the Director curb and grading of the area from the end of the cul-de-sac to the Clear Creek Relief ditch will be helpful to reduce the flooding of the homes in the area. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects 100 000.00 H 2 to 5 years [xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The area is located outside of All the City of Pearland open channels will Design took into account any 100-year and 500-year be designed to contain the runoff from the potential negative impacts to the floodplains with a properly 100-year frequency storm within the right- area. functioning drainage system. of-way, except where channel This could help with flooding. improvements are necessary to offset increased flows from a proposed development. In those cases, the 100-year flood profile under existing conditions of development should not be increased. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 207 c ACTION NO. 18 Title: RETROFIT GENERATORS WITH DUAL FUEL CAPABILITIES (Natural Gas and Diesel) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Actio Implementing Department Extreme Heat Flood Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricanes/Tropical Storms Retrofit current generators to run on dual City Engineer Lightning fuel capabilities (Natural Gas and Diesel) Public Works - Thunderstorms/High Winds Director Tornadoes Winter Storm Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate & liiiii Federal Grants, Capital Projects $150,000 Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget each H 2 to 5 years and/or New Development Cost Benefit avoided losses Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Power loss can have devastating impacts on drinking water and wastewater utilities and the communities they serve, can Continued and growing threats to the make firefighting difficult and power of critical infrastructure requires the Protecting critical infrastructure cause local health care facilities need for backup power sources. provides for the health and safety of and restaurants to close. Power the population. loss can also impact emergency management efforts during a disaster and impede recovery efforts. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 208 e ACTION NO. 19 (moved from current plan (no. 18) into new actions) Title: HIGH WATER VEHICLES AND BOATS Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Hurricane Harvey demonstrated the tremendous difficulty getting through the water to rescue people. City is looking for Flood the most suitable capability for the high- Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS water transportation for rescuing. The City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW City acquired 11 high water vehicles and one rescue boat. Additional boats are Director required, and the City is exploring options to recapitalize the high-water vehicles. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential FundingSources Estimate _JL Federal Grants, Capital Projects $100,000- Existing Building and Infrastructur Budget $500,000 H 3-5 years and/or New Development qW Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review The City needs to be prepared for the potential of high-water rescues from Assist in rescue of less mobile Saves lives. hurricanes and tropical storms. populations or populations where the location easily floods. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 209 c ACTION NO. 20 (moved from current plan no 10 into new actions) Title: SRL AND RL PROPERTIES Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Continue working with County and State officials to identify repetitive loss (RL) Community Development - Flood and severe repetitive loss (SL) properties Director R Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricanes/Tropical Storms and pursue mitigation projects (e.g., Thunderstorms/HW elevation, flooding proofing, acquisition, City Engineer Public Works - drainage projects as examples) to reduce Director risk. Cost Potential Funding Sources Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Based on Federal Grants number of xisting Building and Infrastructur Capital Improvement Program properties H 2O24-2029 unwor Budget and type of New Development mitigation Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Continue to remove structures from locations found to be in a threat of flooding and providing additional green Future damages avoided as spaces for flood mitigation. Provide funding to assist vulnerable properties are removed from populations to relocate out of flood potential flooding. hazard areas. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 210 e ACTION NO. 21 Title: HICKORY SLOUGH MIDDLE SEGMENT (Cullen Blvd. to Garden Road) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Construct channel conveyance Flood improvements from Roy Road to Garden Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS Road that will contain 100-year City Engineer inundation and remove inundation from Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW all structures for the 10- and 100-year Director event (MDP 10,2.1) Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate dh Federal Grants, Capital Projects Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget $43.2 million M 5 to 10 years and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review it Vulnerable Populations Review BCR from MDP - 3.0 All the City of Pearland open channels • Potential wetlands south of will be designed to contain the runoff channel that could require • Remove inundation from all from the 100-year frequency storm permitting and mitigation if they are structures for 100- and 10-year within the right-of-way, except where impacted events. channel improvements are necessary to offset increased flows from a proposed • Availability of property; Currently • Contain the 100 year future development. In those cases, the 100- heavily developed and would be conditions flow within channel. year flood profile under existing difficult to acquire ROW conditions of development should not be without impacting current • Estimated reduction of$36.5 in increased. development present value damages. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 211 c ACTION NO. 22 Title: COWART CREEK (SEGMENT 16) (Wells Drive to BNSF Railroad) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Construct channel improvements from Roy Road to Garden Road. The channel conveyance improvements and detention Engineering/Capital Projects - Flood City Engineer Hurricane/TS will contain the 100-year inundation Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW and remove inundation from all structures Director for the 10- and 100-year event. (MDP 10.2.2) Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate im f Federal Grants, Capital Projects $7 3 Million M Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review BCR from MDP - 4.0 • Remove inundation from all the structures for 100-yr and 10- Railroad bridge replacements will require Design will take into account yr coordination with railroad authority • 85+%reduction for 100-year vulnerable populations. inundation • Estimated reduction of$10 M in present value damages City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 212 c ACTION NO. 23 Title: MARY'S CREEK UPPER SEGMENT (Confluence with B129-01-00 to McLean Road) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Construct regional detention and channel conveyance improvements Construct regional detention and channel conveyance improvements from confluence with B 129- 01-00 to McLean Road, and stormwater Flood detention. The Alternative 2 (25-year Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS LOS) channel conveyance improvements City Engineer Thunderstorms/HW will provide a significant reduction in the Public Works - inundated area and remove inundation Director from 249 of 251 structures currently estimated to be flooded by the 100-year event and 2 structures for the 10-year event. MDP 10.2.5 Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $22 9 million M Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development NEW Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review BCR from MDP - 3.0 • Remove inundation from up to 2 structures (10-yr) and 249 structures (100-yr) • Significant reduction for 100- Design will take into account climate Design will take into account year inundation adaption and resilience using best vulnerable populations. • Estimated reduction of$18 M available data. in present value damages City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 213 c ACTION NO. 24 Title: MARY'S CREEK MIDDLE SEGMENT (Magnolia Drive to SH 35) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Construct regional detention and channel conveyance improvements that provide a Flood 25-year LOS (Alternative 2) along the Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS channel s from Magnolia Drive to City Engineer Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW Highway 35 and detention pond. Acquire approximately 71 acres of property for Director mitigation. MDP 10.2.6 Cost Potential Funding Sources Estimate priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects 31.4 Million M Existing Building and Infrastructure BudgetalluVul New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review BCR from MDP - 1.0 • Potential wetlands along channel that • Remove inundation from up to could require permitting and mitigation if 3 structures (10-yr) and 445 they are • Availability of property; structures (100-yr) impacted Currently heavily developed and • 75+%reduction for 100-year • Railroad bridge replacements will require would be difficult to acquire ROW inundation coordination with railroad authority without impacting current • Estimated reduction of S6.1 M development in present value damages City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 214 c ACTION NO. 25 Title: MARY'S CREEK (LOWER SEGMENT) (Downstream of SH 35) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Construct regional detention and channel conveyance improvements that provide a 25-year LOS (Alternative 2) along the channel from SH 35 downstream to Engineering/Capital Projects - Flood approximately 500 feet downstream of City Engineer Hurricane/TS Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW Pearland Parkway, and stormwater Director detention. Acquire approximately 140 acres of property for mitigation. MDP 10.3.2 Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $121.8 M xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget million New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review BCR from MDP - 0.0 • Remove inundation from up 19 • Availability of property; Currently structures (10-yr) and 178 Design will take into account climate heavily developed and would be structures (100-yr) adaption and resilience using best difficult to acquire ROW without • Significant reduction in 100- available data. impacting current development year inundation • Several bridge replacements will • Estimated reduction of$3.6 M require coordination with TXDOT in present value damages • Natural gas line crosses the Mary's Creek and Mary's Creek Bypass on downstream of Dixie Farm Road City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 215 c ACTION 26 Title: HICKORY SLOUGH (LOWER SEGMENT) (Garden Road to SH 35) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Construct channel conveyance improvements that provide 10-year LOS Engineering/Capital Projects - Flood City Engineer (Alternative 2) along the channel and Hurricane/TS Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW associated mitigation from Garden Road to Director SH 35. MDP 10.3.4 Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $52.3 million M ExistingBuildingand Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review BCR from MDP - 0.0 • Potential wetlands downstream of • Remove inundation from up 22 SH35 that could require permitting structures (10-yr) and 68 Design will take into account climate and mitigation if they are impacted. structures (100-yr) adaption and resilience using best • Availability of property; Currently • Significant reduction in 100- available data. heavily developed and would be year inundation difficult to acquire ROW • Estimated reduction of$550 K without impacting current in present value damages development City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 216 c ACTION 27 Title: HICKORY SLOUGH (UPPER SEGMENT) (CR 94 to Cullen Boulevard) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Construct regional detention and channel conveyance improvements that provide a 100-year LOS (Alternative 1) along the Engineering/Capital Projects - Flood channel from upstream end near CR 94 City Engineer Hurricane/TS (Smith Ranch Road)to confluence with Public Works - Thunderstorms/HW H 126-00-00, and stormwater detention. Director Acquire approximately 42 acres of property for mitigation. MDP 10.4.3 Cost Potential Funding Sources Estimate priority Time Frame Am Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects $56.70 M Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget million and/or New Development Cost Benefit avoided losses Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review BCR from MDP - 0.0 Availability of property; Currently • Remove inundation from up to Design will take into account climate heavily developed and would be 12 structures (10-yr) and 147 adaption and resilience using best difficult to acquire ROW without structures (100-yr) available data. impacting current development. • Contain the 100-year future conditions flows within channel • Estimated reduction of$5.1 M in present value damages City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 217 c ACTION 28 Title: INCREASE CITY'S WATER STORAGE CAPACITY Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Minimum TCEQ requirements for storage in Pearland are as follows: TCEQ Min. Total Storage Req. - 13.5 MG TCEQ Min Elevated Storage Req. - 4.5 MG Current Total Storage- 21.5 MG(4.5 MG Elevated). However, with the increase in population and potential water consumption to due longer periods of extreme heat and drought Engineering/Capital Projects - Drought conditions, the City would like to expand City Engineer storage and supply as follows: Public Works - Additional 5MG GST @ Alice. Director Additional 1MG GST @ Kirby. Additional 1MG GST @ Cullen. Additional 1MG EST on the west side of the system (Lower Kirby). Development & increased connections increases the min requirement. Possible pumping station in the new Massey Oaks Ranch subdivision area. Possible new well &treatment plant. Cost Priority Time Frame L..Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $100M M 2-10 years Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Design will take into account climate Increased Water storage and adaption and resilience using best available Design will take into account production vulnerable populations. data. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 218 e ACTION 29 Title: DEPLOYABLE MEDICAL UNIT THAT CAN PROVIDE EMERGENCY SUPPORT DURING EXTREME HEAT EVENTS ILHazard(s) Addressed Description of Actio Implementing Department During extreme heat events, a rapidly deployable medical shelter system to Emergency Management- Extreme Heat provide life-saving medical treatment Coordinator when and where needed. Fire Department - Chief Cost priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $25,000- xisting Building and Infrastructur Budget $150,000 M 3 to 5 years and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Exposure to extreme heat can Extreme heat is a major public health cause a variety of health concern in the United States. The trend of The greatest risk factors for heat- problems, including heat stroke increasing frequency and duration of heat related deaths are bed confinement and even death events ("heat waves") is expected to due to medical illness, living alone, continue in the future. being socially isolated, and not having access to air conditioning. Vulnerable populations include outside workers, older adults, children, communities of color, the homeless, individuals with a mental health disability, individuals with chronic medical conditions, individuals without access to air- conditioning, and low-income communities. Barriers to access or use of cooling centers include limited access to transportation, fear of leaving home or inability to leave home, not wanting to leave pets behind. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 219 c ACTION NO. 30 (moved from current plan no. 25 into new actions) Title: ACQUISITION OF HOMES THAT WERE FLOODED Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Acquire homes that were flooded in and Administration— Grant Manager Flood outside of the SFHA. Engineering/Capital Projects Hurricane/TS City Engineer Cost Priority ILTime Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Based on how many Federal Grants, Capital Projects homes and M 5 to 10 ears Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget market value y at time of New Development purchase Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Multiple homes have been purchased through various Continue to remove structures from locations found to be in a threat of Provide funding to assist vulnerable federal and state grants. The to relocate out of flood City will continue to apply for flooding and providing additional green populations grants to be able to acquire spaces for flood mitigation. hazard areas. homes. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 220 c ACTION 31 Title: LIGHTNING DETECTION SYSTEMS FOR PARKS AND RECREATION AREAS Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Place high accuracy short range lightning detection equipment at City Parks and recreation fields to provide visual and Lightning audio alerts for approaching heavy storm Parks and Recreation - Director activity or when lightning is detected in the area. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate 55,000 - Federal Grants, Capital Projects 510,000 plus M 5 to 10 ears xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget software y upgrades New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Adapting to more intense storms or Early warning system could increased quantity of storms. save lives for those outside at To protect populations at the parks. City parks or recreational areas. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 221 c ACTION 32 Title: RETROFIT EXISTING BUILDINGS TO HELP WITH COOLING CENTERS Hazard(s) Addressed qF Description of Action Implementing Department Retrofitting an existing building is more cost-effective than building a new facility. Health Department - Director Emergency Management- Extreme Heat Coordinator Fire Department - Chief Engineering Department— City Engineer Cost �011 Potential Funding Sources Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects $50,000 M 1 to 10 years Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit avoided losses Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Exposure to extreme heat can Extreme heat is a major public health The greatest risk factors for heat- cause a variety of health concern in the United States. The trend of related deaths are bed confinement problems, including heat stroke increasing frequency and duration of heat due to medical illness living alone, and even death events ("heat waves") is expected to being socially isolated, and not continue in the future. having access to air conditioning. Vulnerable populations include: outside workers, older adults, children, communities of color, the homeless, individuals with a mental health disability, individuals with chronic medical conditions, individuals without access to air- conditioning, and low-income communities Barriers to access or use of cooling centers include limited access to transportation, fear of leaving home or inability to leave home, not wanting to leave pets behind. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 222 c ACTION 33 Title: VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND FACILTIES FROM WINTER STORM EFFECTS Hazard(s) ddressed qF Description of Action WImplementing Department Vulnerability assessment of City buildings and facilities to determine what can be better protected from the effects from a Engineering/Capital Projects - Winter storm winter storm. City Engineer Public Works - Director Cost Priority Time Frame Re uces isk to. Potential Funding Sources Estimate mff Federal Grants, Capital Projects 510,000- M I to 5 ears xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget 550,000 y New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Adapting to more storms or increased number of days below freezing. This is to protect City assets. Protect City property and assets City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 223 e ACTION NO. 34 (moved from current plan no. 1 into new actions) Title: FLOOD PROOFING CITY OF PEARLAND BUILDINGS Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing DepartmenIM After Hurricane Harvey, approximately 25 Flood public buildings experienced damage from Engineering/Capital Projects - Hurricane/TS flood water intrusion and wind driven rain. City Engineer Severe storms/HW Therefore the City would like to improve Public Works - Tornados the buildings to be more disaster resistant Director to at least a category 4 Hurricane. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects Existing Building and Budget Dependent M 1 to 10 years and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review This is to protect City assets. Each building must be studied to determine the best method to flood proof. The cost estimate is very difficult to do without knowing the flood proofing solution. While costly, Hurricane Harvey made it clear the need to protect these buildings to ensure continuity of government and necessary services to aid the public immediately. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 224 e ACTION 35 Title: RETROFIT CITY BUILDINGS WITH LIGHTNING MITIGATION EQUIPMENT Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Retrofit City buildings and infrastructure with lightning mitigation equipment (lightning rods, surge protectors) Engineering/Capital Projects - Lightning City Engineer Public Works - Director Potential Funding Sources Cost Estimate Priority Time Frame Redu 500- $5,000 Federal Grants, Capital Projects $2, per M 1 to 10 years xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget building/facility New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Reviewim Vulnerable Populations Review Lightening may surge under climate change, This is to protect City assets. but studies are limited. Protects City property and assets City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 225 c ACTION 36 Title: ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLIES ANALYSIS Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Currently, the City uses ground water, surface water (Summer 2023) and purchases water from the City of Houston to meet the water needs of the City, however, as the population increases and extended periods of drought and extreme heat continue to rise, the City must Engineering/Capital Projects - forecast future use (2040) and continue to City Engineer Drought look for alternative water supplies to meet Public Works - the demand. Options could be expansion Director of current faculties', additional purchase agreement arrangement, or building new ground water wells. Conducting a systems planning study is necessary to provide analysis for making longer term decisions. Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate in Federal Grants, Capital Projects $750 000 M 1 to 10 years Existing Building and Infrastructure Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Aff—c—limate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review As the number of days 90 degree or greater As part of the analysis, the City continues to increase every decade, the reviews the impacts to the whole Ensuring water availability. City needs to prepare now. Pearland community. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 226 c ACTION 37 Title: SEEK GRANTS TO SUPPORT PERSONEL AND EQUIPMENT TO MITIGATE WILDFIRES Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department The Pearland Fire Department, with six stations, provides 24-hour service to the citizens of Pearland and responds to more than 14,000 calls for service per year, serving an area of over 75 square miles with a population of more than 140,000. Engineering/Capital Projects - With population increase and continued City Engineer Wildfire increases in temperatures and drought can Public Works - lead to increased potential for wildfires. Director Grants for additional personnel and equipment to cover expanding ETJ and population increase will be needed to allow for more proactive measures to mitigate wildfires. Cost Potential Funding Sources Estimate Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants, Capital Projects $250,000- xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget $750,000 M 1 to 10 years and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Damage to land, crops, As temperatures continue to rise and As part of the analysis, the City infrastructure, residential and droughts continue to occur with longer reviews the impacts to the whole commercial properties durations, the City needs prepare for Pearland community. potential wildfire increases. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 227 c ACTION 38 Title: CREATE A COMMUNITY WILDFIRE PROTECTION PLAN (CWPP) Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Community wildfire protection planning is one of the most important components of wildfire safety strategy. The Healthy Forest Restoration Act of 2003 was the Engineering/Capital Projects - initiating legislation for the development City Engineer Wildfire of CWPPs. This legislation encourages Public Works - communities to develop these plans to help Director reduce their risk to wildfire loss as well as create healthier natural ecosystems Cost Priority ime Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $25,000- M 1 to 10 years xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget $45,000 New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review A plan can identify future risk, As the number of days 90 degree or greater As part of the analysis, the City help provide awareness to the continues to increase every decade, the reviews the impacts to the whole community and have a plan in City needs to prepare now. Pearland community. place in the event of a wildfire. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 228 c ACTION 39 Title: EXPAND COVERED PARKING AT PUBLIC FACILITIES Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Engineering/Capital Projects - Hail Expand covered parking to protect City City Engineer equipment and vehicles Public Works - Director Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Cost is determined by Federal Grants, Capital Projects construction Existing Building and Infrastructure and material M 1 to 10 Years Budget and/or cost based on New Development type of covered parking. Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Would help protect City assets Hail is a byproduct on increased intensity This is to protect City assets. events. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 229 c ACTION 40 Title: HAIL VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Conduct a hail vulnerability assessment Engineering/Capital Projects - Hail City Engineer Public Works - Director Cost AW Priority Time Frame JW Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate ML Federal Grants, Capital Projects $10,000 L 5 to 10 years Existing Building and Infrastructur Budget and/or New Development Cost Benefit ( Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review Determine risk to community at As part of the analysis, the City a detailed level and possible Hail is a byproduct on increased intensity reviews the impacts to the whole actions or determine if events. Pearland community. community has mitigated the hazard City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 230 e ACTION 41 Title: GRANTS TO SUPPORT LIGHTNING MITIGATION FOR RESIDENTS Hazard(s) Addressed Description of Action Implementing Department Seek out grants that could help residents and commercial entities protect home with cost for purchase and installation of Engineering/Capital Projects - lightning rods, cabling, ground rods, City Engineer Lightning connectors and hardware for single Public Works - family/multi-family homes, apartments, Director and commercial building Cost Priority Time Frame Reduces Risk to: Potential Funding Sources Estimate Federal Grants, Capital Projects $1,000- $2 000 per L 1 to 10 years xisting Building and Infrastructure Budget home and/or New Development Cost Benefit (avoided losses) Climate Adaptation Review Vulnerable Populations Review As part of the analysis, the City Lightening may surge under climate reviews the impacts to the whole change, but studies are limited. Pearland community. Protection of property. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 231 c Section 5. Plan Maintenance Process Introduction The plan maintenance section of this document details the formal process that will ensure that the City of Pearland hazard mitigation plan remains a responsive and relevant document. The maintenance process includes a schedule for monitoring and evaluating the plan annually and producing an updated plan every five years. It also describes how the City will integrate public participation throughout the plan and implementation process and explain how the City plans to incorporate the mitigation strategies outlined in this plan into existing planning mechanisms. Update from Last Plan The Hazard Mitigation Plan Update is a collaborative process and while the Pearland Engineering Department leads the efforts, Emergency Management coordinates mitigation efforts. The Engineering Director will appoint a member of the Engineering Team to be the designated lead coordinator for the annual review, for forwarding any amendments to the Plan to the Texas Division of Emergency Management and for data collections in preparation of year four, where the City will begin the update process to this plan. [plan evelop Procedures For: Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan The maintenance process provides a process to consider how well onitoring.Tracking the lrnplementatl� n of the the procedures established in the previously approved plan worked over time. and revise as need. The process includes a schedule for monitoring Evaluatling.Assessing the effectiveness of the plan at achieving its stated purpose and goals. and evaluating the plan annually or procedures to follow after a significant event (e.g., following a declared disaster), and updating.Reviewing and revising the plan at least once every 5 years. producing an updated plan every five years. The minimum task of the annual hazard mitigation planning team meeting will be the evaluation of the progress of the plan and incorporating the actions into other plans. This review will include: • Summary of any hazard events that occurred during the prior year and their impact on the community. • Review of successful mitigation action identified in the plan. • Review actions that were not completed to understand if there are impediments impacting the action (e.g., financial, technical, etc.) • Re-evaluate the action plan to determine if the timeline for identified projects remains accurate(e.g., if funding becomes available, a long-term activity could become a near-term project) • Recommendation for new mitigation actions and projects. • Changes in potential for funding. • Collection of maps and data to help with data needs for next iteration of plan. • Impact of any other planning programs within the City that involve hazard mitigation. • Overall Evaluation(using Worksheet 10 from the Local Mitigation Handbook, 2023) each year will be completed using worksheet 10 as the metrics criteria. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 232 c In addition to the scheduled reports, the Hazard Mitigation Coordinator will convene meetings after damaging natural hazard events to review the effects of such events. Based on those effects, adjustments to the mitigation goals and actions may be made or additional event-specific actions identified. Such revisions shall be documented as outlined below: Circumstances or conditions under which the City of Pearland will initiate Plan reviews and updates outside of the annual review: • On the recommendation of the Hazard Mitigation Coordinator or on its own initiative,the City Council may initiate a Plan review at any time. • At approximately the one-year anniversary of the updated plan's adoption, and every year thereafter (Annual Progress Reports). • After natural hazard events that appear to significantly change the apparent risk to City assets, operations and/or citizens. • When activities of the City, or the State significantly alter the potential effects of natural hazards on Pearland assets, operations and/or citizen. Examples include completed mitigation projects that reduce risk, or actions or circumstances that increase risk. • When new mitigation opportunities or sources of funding are identified. In addition to the circumstances listed above, revisions that warrant changing the text of this Plan update or incorporating new information may be prompted by a number of circumstances, including identification of specific, new mitigation projects, completion of several mitigation actions, or requirements for qualifying for specific funding. Minor revisions may be handled by addenda. Major comprehensive review of and revisions to this Hazard Mitigation Plan Update will be considered on a five-year cycle. The 2023 Plan will enter its next review cycle sometime in 2027, with adoption of that update in 2028. To help prepare for that cycle, the MPC will establish a more formal schedule as outlined in Table BH. The MPC will be reconvened to conduct the comprehensive evaluation and revision. Table BH- Maintenance Schedule Plan Maintenance Timeline Task Lead and support Step Departments • Obtain status updates on mitigation actions. progress Compile pg Monitoring Twice per year. • Comp Engineering reports. • If need, identify mid-course corrections. Evaluating Once a year or after a • Use FEMA Engineering disaster event. standard form to City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 233 e Plan Maintenance Timeline Task Lead and support St ep Departments review and record Emergency lessons learned. Management • Review the plan, (Starting in the fourth � Review the year). Every five MPC lead by Updating requirements. years or after a . Update the plan. Engineering disaster. Integration into Existing Plans, Procedures and Programs CRF 44 §201.6 (c)(4)(ii), requires a process to integrate this plan's information and hazard goals and actions into other planning mechanisms, as applicable, during the routine re-evaluation and update of the City Plans. To facilitate the integration, the process is as follows: • The MPC lead (Assistant City Engineer) will represent the hazard mitigation plan (HMP) during all phases of the capital improvements planning and implementation ensuring all projects are in accordance with the HMP. • The MPC lead will represent the HMP and maintain a database of plans, ordinances, regulations, and policies associated with hazard mitigation to assist the City in identifying areas that integrate hazard mitigation and where to make improvements to reduce future vulnerability. For example, when the Flood Response Annex was updated for the Emergency Operations Plan, much of the data from this plan was used to support that update. The current hazard mitigation plan was reviewed to assess what data could be used for several City reports that were prepared from 2018-2023. Members of the MPC are also members of the capital improvement, comprehensive plan, emergency management plan, engineering design criteria, debris management, wastewater, and water production plan where data from this plan was discussed and incorporated int those plans. In addition, FIRM review committees also help facilitate data from this plan to those plans. Data from the current plan was used as follows: • Work on the draft of the next iteration of the City of Pearland Comprehensive Plan • City of Pearland five-year Capital Improvements Program (CIP) 2018-2022, 2019-2023, 2020-2024, 2021-2025, 2026-2026, and 20-20-2027 reviewed the plan to identify subject areas where mitigation activities and principles can be incorporated. Staff responsible for the mitigation plan are directly involved with the capital improvement processes, and the City fully explores the possibility of expanding or adjusting potential capital improvement projects to maximize mitigation effects (for example, by modifying a drainage project to address repetitive flood loss properties). City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 234 e • City of Pearland Emergency Management Plan (EMP) 2019. As part of the Plan update, the EMP reviewed this plan to assist with identifying the hazards profiled in the HMP update, process, and procedures to facilitate update up Annex P— Mitigation. • City of Pearland's Engineering Design Criteria Manual Update (which includes the Storm water Management Plan) reviewed the ordinances discussed in the plan. • Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMS) and the preliminary maps. Pearland FIRMs were reviewed to assist with identifying areas vulnerable to flooding within the City. Figure M-1 is a snapshot of the strategic planning that takes place in Pearland across many departments and teams both in the City, employee structure, and in partnership with regional organization. Figure M-1 Strategic Planning Snapshot of Pearland Plans e r. t lli Future With Purpose ComprehensiveStrategic Priorities Water Wastewater Drainage Thoroughfare Muldmodal Parks and Fearland Prosperity Master Plan Master Plan Master Plan Plan Plan Re,creation Master (Economic (The Output of Staffing and Utilization Plans Planning) Police Department Plan Fire Department Plan Annual Budget Funding mechanism for many projects in Peadand Regional Plans HGAC Transportation Improvement Plan Brazoria CountySiP Mulamoda!plan oftransporlaaon infrastructure and s—ce improvements Hams County CI Ft Bend County CIP As with all plans and capabilities that are in place, the City continually reviews current documents and best management practices to continue to expand and improve services to our community. To City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 235 e better provide these capabilities, the MPC would continue to reach out to City departments to incorporate their capabilities. This would include setting up meetings with City departments on an annual basis to review and incorporate any new capabilities. This plan is also utilized when other City plans such as the NPDES-MS4, Community Rating System, and EDCM are reviewed on their respective 5 year or 2-year review cycle. Additionally, as the City is reviewing the existing storm water and floodplain ordinances,the HMP and the other documents are utilized to assist in incorporating recommended changes. The process starts the year before the respective plan needs to be re-permitted and includes: • Reviewing any changes in regulation; • Reviewing the current plan; and • Preparing the update. This review is to make sure that any changes or improvements are reviewed with these documents. After Hurricane Harvey, the City reviewed the Stormwater and Floodplain Ordinances to determine if changes need to be made based upon the 100-year floodplain and recommendations to elevate homes further above the floodplain elevations. In addition to the reports listed above, the following plans, studies and reports were reviewed, and necessary data was incorporated into this plan update: • Brazoria County Flood Insurance Study (FIS). The Brazoria County FIS dated September 22, 1999,was reviewed to identify past flooding events and flood characteristics within the City. • Harris County FIS. The Harris County FIS dated June 18, 2007, was reviewed to identify past flooding and flood characteristics that could impact the City. • 2018 State of Texas Mitigation Plan. • Harris County 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan • Fort Bend County 2017 Hazard Mitigation Plan and their draft 2023 plan • Pearland Economic Development Annual Reports and Workforce Strategy Reports Continued Public Involvement Upon adoption of the Plan update, the public will be periodically updated through posts (on the City's website and social media outlets) and on the Annual Progress Reports under the plan monitoring strategy described above. Pearland will involve the public in the plan maintenance process and during the major comprehensive review to the Plan in the same ways used during the original plan development. The public will be notified when the revision process is started and provided the opportunity to review and comment on changes to the plan and priority action items. It is expected that a combination of informational public meetings, surveys and questionnaires,draft documents posted on the website, and public Council meetings will be undertaken. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 236 c APPENDICES Appendix Update from last plan: Removed the Appendix: Profile resulting in Omission of Hazard Example Removed the Appendix: Building Forum Quarterly Newsletter Added the Appendix: Results from the Public Survey Added the Appendix: CDC Data by Pearland Census Tract by SVI Theme Added the Appendix: Pearland In Motion Flood and Drainage Issues and CRS and Flood Outreach City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 237 e APPENDIX A — Minutes from the MPC Meetings City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Monday, May 1, 2023 Meeting Minutes Mitigation Planning Committee Attendees Attendees Title and Department Rajendra Shrestha City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Thomas Knox Assistant City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Sasha Buchheit Stormwater Coordinator, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Peter Martin Emergency Management Coordinator, Administration Mellanee Roberts Emergency Management Planner, Administration Kristen Thatcher Plan Consultant, JSWA Dan Ward Plan Consultant, JSWA Identify Mitigation Planning Committee (MPC) The MPC is a core group of City employees responsible for developing and reviewing the plan update and includes employees with expertise and responsibility in mitigation efforts for the City usually representing members from emergency management, fire and safety, community development and outreach, land use, floodplain administration, parks and recreation, zoning and subdivision regulations, capital projects, and economic development organizations. Members of the current MPC discussed expanding the committee to ensure all organizations that address mitigation efforts within the City are invited to participate. An action item was taken to reach out to the City Departments with an invitation to join the MPC. Once finalized, roles and responsibilities will be determined. Discussion of FEMA's updated Local Mitigation Policy Guide(Effective April 19, 2023) The Committee was briefed on the recent FEMA Local Mitigation Policy Guide Updates, effective April 19, 2023, so the team could better understand what requirements would be needed for inclusion in this iteration of the plan update. Updates include planning and adapting to more intense changes to climate as a future condition and how it will impact people, land-use, and response. The guide also emphasizes increased focus on inclusion of FEMA defined underserved communities and socially vulnerable populations (i.e. unhoused, elderly, mobility challenged) in the planning process, assessments of risk and mitigation actions. While there were updates to the high hazard potential dams planning requirement, since there are no dams in the planning area or within 50 miles from the City, this requirement is non-applicable to the City. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 238 c Identify Stakeholders The Committee reviewed and updated the list of stakeholders who participated in the 2019 plan update which included other government agencies, neighboring communities, businesses, civic groups, environmental groups, and schools. In addition to that review, the MPC discussed inviting additional members of the community to be stakeholders including the Pearland Neighborhood Center, the hospitals in Pearland, and the San Jacinto Regional Flood Planning Group. PM and MR will also review the list to determine if there are other organizations that should be included from areas such as health and social services, non-profits supporting community lifeline services like safety and security, food, water, shelter, health and medical, energy, communications, and transportation. Review 2019 Hazards The MPC discussed the hazards that impacted Pearland since the last iteration of the plan update - flooding, tornadoes and high winds, tropical storms, extreme heat and two winter storm events. PM will provide the Pearland impact reports from Tropical Storm Beta, the winter storms and any other relevant storm since the last version of the plan. In addition, the MPC reviewed the list of hazards from 2012 and 2018 and determined it would profile and assess winter storm in addition to the hazards profiled and assessed in 2018, as shown in the Table below. Pearland 2012 Hazards 2018/2019 Hazards 2023/2024 Hazards Reviewed for Plan Flood Flood Flood Tornadoes/High Winds Tornadoes Tornadoes Thunderstorm/High Thunderstorms—High Thunderstorms— Wind Wind High Wind Hurricane/Tropical Hurricanes and Tropical Hurricanes and Storms Storms Tropical Storms Earthquake Omitted Omitted Landslide Omitted Omitted Winter Storm Omitted Winter Storm Wildfire Wildfire Wildfire Dam Failure Omitted Omitted Drought Drought Drought Extreme Heat Extreme Heat Extreme Heat Lightning Lightning Hail Hail Subsidence Determine results from analysis Hazardous Materials Not a natural hazard Not a natural hazard Pipelines Not a natural hazard Not a natural hazard City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 239 c Mitigation Strategy The Committee was given the mitigation strategy and goal statement from current plan and will review with a decision at the next meeting if change is needed due to current conditions and priorities or reaffirm the strategy and goal statement. The current mitigation strategy and goal statement are below. Mitigation Strategy The City of Pearland aspires to be a resilient, disaster-resistant community that can withstand disaster and rapidly recover from a disaster while also preserving the natural and developed environments. Pearland has developed a range of policies, programs, and procedures to serve as a framework for its hazard mitigation strategy. Strategies include daily operations that contribute to reducing the impact of future hazards as well as specific hazard mitigation projects. Mitigation Strategy- continued also encourages best practices for private property owners to improve and upgrade their properties, thereby reducing their exposure to risk. The City also works with other local, county, and regional organizations toward mitigation actions that meet the City's objective of migrating risks due to natural hazards, without creating new problems. This plan emphasizes mitigation goals and actions focusing on activities that occur prior to a natural hazard that reduce damage when disasters strike. These actions, driven by risk assessment, include structural improvements to existing buildings and infrastructure, land use decisions that will minimize damage and programs that preserve the natural resources of the City such as the Tree Protection and Preservation program. While developing new mitigation actions, the MPC carefully considered preventative activities (e.g.,planning and zoning and hazard mapping),property protection(e.g., acquisitions, critical facility improvements), natural resource protection (floodplain protection), structural projects (storm sewer, roads, and buildings), emergency services (warning systems, training) and public information and awareness (outreach, education, and training). The first step of the mitigation strategy involved review of the current plan's mitigation goal, to assess whether it remains reflective of the City's mitigation strategy. The 2012 plan had both short- and long-term goals but the MPC decided to make those goals more concise and centric to hazard mitigation. Consequently, the MPC revised the mitigation goal in the current plan, taping themes from the last lengthy set of goals and consolidating them into one overarching statement. The updated 2018 mitigation goal follows: Mitigation Goal The goal of this plan is to support the City of Pearland's efforts to protect the community's health, safety, and welfare by identifying and increasing public awareness of natural hazards, and City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 240 e mitigating risks due to those hazards without creating new problems. In addition, The City will work to: • Minimize and prevent damage to public and private buildings and infrastructure • Reduce economic losses • Increase cooperation and coordination among private entities, local agencies, State agencies, and Federal agencies • Increase education, outreach, and awareness • Protect natural resources Outreach strategy The Local Mitigation Policy Guide (Effective April 19, 2023) places increased emphasis on continuing to improve the engagement of the public directly or through community-based organizations who represent potentially at-risk populations to ensure the plan establishes equitable outcomes for the whole community. The MPC strategized on ways to engage all members of the Pearland community to ensure citizens understand what the City is doing on their behalf, and to provide a chance for input on community vulnerabilities and mitigation activities that will inform the plan's content. Public involvement is also an opportunity to educate the public about hazards and risks in the community, types of activities to mitigate those risks, and how these hazards impact them as they pertain to the City jurisdictional authority and mandate. Some of the ideas discussed were to send out a survey request that can be filled out online or at a center that is easily accessible. Another idea is to add a meeting at a location easily accessible to populations that may not be able to attend meetings at City Hall like a neighborhood center. DW will provide the team with sample surveys. The MPC will work with the City's Communications Department to determine the best way to get the survey to the public and encourage response. Existing plans, studies, reports, and technical information The City will review the State HM plan, as well as neighboring City and County plans. It will also review reports and technical information from FEMA, NOAA, USACE, HCFCD, BDD4, Texas A&M Wildfire, the San Jacinto Regional flood plan, and TDEM. Plans that reviewed the City's Hazards Mitigation Plan include BDD4, Brazoria County, and the City of Alvin. The City is currently working on the Comprehensive Plan which is scheduled to be approved by the City Council in the summer of 2023 as well as the CRS update for the City. Several members of the MPC were involved in providing information and review to the Comprehensive Plan and CRS update. Documents that will be needed for update City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 241 e The Committee discussed a request for infonnation needed for RL/SRL/Insured information as well as updated maps. DW and KT will prepare a list of information needs in support of the update. Tentative schedule Below is the tentative schedule and based on meeting, the participants that will be invited to participate (Mitigation Planning Committee (MPC), Stakeholders (SH), and the Public (P)). TENTATIVE SCHEDULE MPC: Mitigation Planning Committee/SH: Stakeholders/P: Public Date Description Participants 5-1-23 Overview of FEMA updated Local Mitigation Policy Guide MPC (Effective April 19, 2023) Roles and responsibilities outlined Review of data needed and assignment leads Review of current plan: Hazards, goals, current actions, development changes; review of plans or reports for inclusion in plan. Review hazards in 2019 plan Determine changes to hazards, goals and discuss how hazards Discuss stakeholders 5-25-23 Current Actions updated to be finalized next meeting MPC New Actions to be discussed Local capabilities discussed to be finalized next meeting Local Development update discussed to be finalized next meeting Pearland facilities finalized Finalize Stakeholders 6-15-23 Stakeholders contacted requesting their participation by letter and MPC email 6-30-23 Conference call with Stakeholders MPC/SH 7-13-23 Risk Assessment complete MPC Hazard Review and ranking New Actions reviewed for final 8-1-23 New Actions prioritized and finalized MPC Plan maintenance process finalized 8-16-23 Draft to MPC for review MPC 9-7-23 Conference call with Stakeholders to request review of draft and MPC providing process to submit comments from second review 9-13-23 Outreach meeting MPC/SH/P 9-13-23 First Public Meeting MPC SH P 9-23-23 Data collections and review. Comments from first public meetings MPC incorporated; updating all sections after meeting City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 242 c Date Description Participants 10-23-23 Stakeholders contacted regarding public meeting and providing MPC process to submit comments from second review 7 11-1-23 Final Draft for review prior to second public and outreach meetings MPC 11-9-23 Second Outreach meeting MPC/P 11-9-23 Second Public Meeting MPC SH P 11-13-23 Plan uploaded to City Website; Public given 30 days to review and provide comments 12-15-23 Comment cycle closes and comments incorporated MPC 12-22-23 Plan is finalized to be sent to TDEM for review process MPC Actions From Meeting Action Item Assigned Prepare Minutes and distribute to MPC KT Invitation to participate in the MCP to City Departments RS/TK Determine outside organization not yet identified for Stakeholder invitation PM/MR Pearland Impact Reports from significant weather events 2019-2023 PM Example surveys DW Request for RL/SRL/Insured Information SB Review mitigation strategy and goals to finalize at next meeting MPC Provide some best practice examples for adaptation to climate change KT Data/Information request list I DW/KT City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 243 c City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Thursday, May 25, 2023 Meeting Minutes Mitigation Planning Committee Attendees Attendees Title and Department Rajendra Shrestha City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Thomas Knox Assistant City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Sasha Buchheit Stormwater Coordinator, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Peter Martin Emergency Management Coordinator, Pearland Administration Mellanee Roberts Emergency Management Planner, Pearland Administration Jacob Johnson Assistant Fire Chief, Pearland Fire Department Vance Wyly Assistant Director, Community Development Carry Capers Director, Pearland Parks and Recreation, Mike Vance Police Captain, City of Pearland Kristen Thatcher Plan Consultant, JSWA Dan Ward Plan Consultant, JSWA Review and acceptance of May 1, 2023 minutes The MPC reviewed the minutes from the May 1, 2023. As there were no changes requested, the minutes were accepted by the team and will be incorporated into the plan update. The team has been providing the documents/information outlined in the action items since the last meeting. Finalize Stakeholders The Committee reviewed the updated list, and it will be uploaded to the shared folder for members to add stakeholder members and finalized at the next meeting. Review and Finalize the mitigation strategy and goal This item will be tabled until the next meeting. The current strategy and goal will be provided by email to the team to allow for comment and review with the goal to finalize at the next meeting. Update actions from current plan The actions from the approved current plan were provided to the team. Members of the team most familiar with the action provided a status. The table was uploaded to the shared folder so team members could finalize the status collaboratively. Local development review (2019-2023) The City reviewed the current plan's account of city limits, annexation and ETJ area. VW updated the team on the draft comprehensive plan as similar information was updated for that plan including the build-out point for the City has been changed to 2030 and there are sections of the City that development is planned that are not reflected in the current plan's map. SB will City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 244 e provide an updated map. RS will determine how best to obtain current data on the breakdown of parcels in the City(vacant, improved, residential, non-residential, City-owned). While there were no changes to ETJ, there have been small annex updates and a current map will be provided. Pearland critical facilities review The team reviewed the critical facilities map and lists. SB will provide an updated list and map. KT will work with TK to update the summary of the wastewater treatment plants and the map. Local capabilities review Capabilities are the programs and policies currently in use to reduce hazard impacts or that could be used to implement hazard mitigation activities. This capabilities assessment summarizes the City's regulatory mitigation capabilities, administrative and technical mitigation capabilities, and fiscal mitigation capabilities. Three tables were provided to the team to review and update. New actions overview and draft template The team reviewed a suggested update to the mitigation action template to number each action, change the risk focus (A/B) (where A=Actions reducing risk to existing buildings and infrastructure and B= Actions redu 'ng risk to new development the following below and to add a column that shows vulnerable popula ' n impact and future climate conditions were reviewed for each action: TION NO.1 Title:FLOOD PROOFING C YOF PEARLAND BUILDINGS Hazard(s)Addressed Descriptionot`Ation mplemenfing Department After Hunrcane Harvey,appro lately 25 Flood public buildings experienced dung from Hurricanc/TS flood water innusion.md wind driven i Eng,ineeiing/Capital Projects Severe stonns/HW Therefore the City would like to improve th Public Works Department Tornados buildings to be more disaster resistant to at Least a category 4 Hurricane. Potential Funding Sources ZI: ame Reduces Risk to: Federal Grants,Capital Projects Existing Building and infrashucur Budget 025 and/or New Development CostBencrit(avoidcdlosses Vulnerable Po ulafions Rcvicw Consider new or modified mitigation actions that directly address the changing risks and El Does the action create unitended impacts fi-om changes to climate,population, consequences for connrnmnies that are or land use.Some options are to: ❑Modify actions to meet a longer titre-scale, undetserved?How will(hose consequences be mitigated? For example,consider mitigation measures ODoes the cost ofa program or over the life ofthe asset and increasing Each building must be studied to service cattle an equity issue?(That is, determine the best trtetbod to flood probability ofextreme weather.Instead of do fees or costs resuh no an increased proof. The cost estimate is very mitigating using projections ofa 1%antral- burden for low-income communities?) difficult to do without knowing the chance flood,use the 0.2%annual-chance C Will capital investments improve flood proofing solution. While flood or another state-specific flood depth health,safety,access or opportunity for Prediction Along with projected land use. costly,Hurricane Harvey made it the people who need it most? ❑Integrate climate adaptation and mitigation clear the need[o protect these How will tmderserved people living buildings to ensure continuity of planning to align projections and strategies. and worlung near a capital project government and necessary services H Target areas offimtre risk.Evaluate the benefit from the investment? to aid the public immediately. effectiveness ofpolicies that direct and re- g Will regulations improve safety, locate development away from high hazard health,access or oppmtwnity for those areas,especially those susceptible to extreme who need it most? weather impacts.State Mitigation Planning 11 How will regulations ease cost Key Topics Bulletin:Mitigation Strategy 8 burdens for those who cannot pad? ❑Develop or amend programs to have incentives that account for climate chan e. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 245 c Outreach plan Public involvement is also an opportunity to educate the public about hazards and risks in the community, types of activities to mitigate those risks, and how these hazards impact them as they pertain to the City jurisdictional authority and mandate. Some of the ideas discussed were to send out a survey request that can be filled out online or at a center that is easily accessible. Several examples of surveys were provided to the team with the goal to prepare a 10-question survey that will be placed on the City's website for the public. The survey will be finalized at the next meeting. Tentative schedule Below is the tentative schedule and based on meeting, the participants that will be invited to participate (Mitigation Planning Committee(MPC), Stakeholders (SH), and the Public (P)). TENTATIVE SCHEDULE MPC: Mitigation Planning Committee/SH: Stakeholders/P: Public Date Description Participants 5-1-23 Overview of FEMA updated Local Mitigation Policy Guide MPC (Effective April 19, 2023) Roles and responsibilities outlined Review of data needed and assignment leads Review of current plan: Hazards, goals, current actions, development changes; review of plans or reports for inclusion in plan. Review hazards in 2019 plan Determine changes to hazards, goals and discuss how hazards Discuss stakeholders 5-25-23 Current Actions updated to be finalized next meeting MPC New Actions to be discussed Local capabilities discussed to be finalized next meeting Local Development update discussed to be finalized next meeting Pearland facilities finalized Finalize Stakeholders 6-20-23 Stakeholders contacted requesting their participation by letter and MPC email 7-13-23 Hazard profiles complete MPC Hazard Review and ranking New Actions discussed 8-1-23 New Actions prioritized and finalized MPC 8-16-23 Draft to MPC for review MPC 9-7-23 Conference call with Stakeholders to request review of draft and MPC providing process to submit comments from second review 9-13-23 Outreach meeting MPC/SH/P 9-13-23 First Public Meeting MPC SH City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 246 c Date Description Participants P 9-23-23 Data collections and review. Comments from first public meetings MPC incorporated; updating all sections after meeting 10-23-23 Stakeholders contacted regarding public meeting and providing MPC process to submit comments from second review 11-1-23 Final Draft for review prior to second public and outreach meetings MPC 11-9-23 Second Outreach meeting MPC/P 11-9-23 Second Public Meeting MPC SH P 11-10-23 Plan uploaded to City Website; Public given 30 days to review and provide comments 12-15-23 Comment cycle closes and comments incorporated MPC 12-22-23 Plan is finalized to be sent to TDEM for review process MPC Actions From Meeting Action Item Assigned Prepare minutes and distribute to MPC KT Coordinate responses to action status TK Finalize Stakeholder list by June 9, 2023 MPC Finalize capabilities tables MPC Finalize survey MPC Provide critical facilities list and map SB Review mitigation strategy and goals to finalize at next meeting MPC Determine how best to obtain vacant parcel/improved parcel data RS Work with JH on financial capability table TK City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 247 c City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Thursday, July 13, 2023 Meeting Minutes Mitigation Planning Committee Attendees Attendees Title and Department Joel Hardy Grants/Special Projects Administrator/Administration, City of Pearland Thomas Knox Assistant City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Sasha Buchheit Stormwater Coordinator, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Peter Martin Emergency Management Coordinator, Pearland Administration Jacob Johnson Assistant Fire Chief, Pearland Fire Department Carry Capers Director, Pearland Parks and Recreation, Chance Ward Plan Consultant, JSWA Kristen Thatcher Plan Consultant, JSWA Dan Ward Plan Consultant, JSWA Review and acceptance of May 25, 2023 minutes The MPC reviewed the minutes from the May 25, 2023. As there were no changes requested, the minutes were accepted by the team and will be incorporated into the plan update. Status on actions from current plan update The team has been providing responses and information to provide an update to the current actions. Review and Finalize the mitigation strategy and goal The MPC reviewed the Mitigation strategy and explained that in the goal statement, there is one slight revision to the following bullet(italicized): • Increase education, outreach, and awareness striving to engage the whole Pearland Community. Review draft hazard profiles Each hazard profile was reviewed by the team that provided data for: • Where hazard might happen in the planning area(location). • How minor or severe the hazard may be (extent). • How often and where the hazard has happened in the past (previous occurrences). • How likely is the hazard to occur and how it may change (frequency, intensity, etc.) in the future (probability). • Which assets are at risk from the hazard(vulnerability). Hazard classification and ranking using hazard profile data Using FEMA provided definitions, the MPC classified each hazard's location, extent, future occurrence, and overall significance. In addition, the team listed the assets that are at risk from the hazard helping to shape the vulnerability analysis. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 248 c New actions discussion The team discussed the four categories of mitigation: • Local Plans and Regulations • Structure and Infrastructure Projects • Natural Systems Protections and Nature-based Solutions • Education and Awareness programs. The team also discussed that it could approach actions through determining problem statements and then potential actions to mitigate the problems. The team began to high level brainstorm actions that could help mitigate problems caused by each hazard. The team will work on getting information and data and further develop the actions for the next meeting. Outreach plan The public survey will be available to the public the week of July 17th on the City's website and through a QR code. The Communications Department will notify the public through Facebook and Twitter as well as the TV screens throughout the City that provide the community information. The results of the survey will be provided to the team to understand the communities' concerns and experiences with hazards. In addition to the survey, a FEMA Mitigation fact sheet and a Pearland What is Hazard Mitigation Q&A will also be on the website. Stakeholder Call An invitation to be a stakeholder was sent out in June and many stakeholders expressed interest in supporting the team's efforts. The team would like to host a conference call with the stakeholders to hear from their experiences with hazards and to help with identifying actions and is tentatively trying to schedule that call the last week in July. Tentative schedule Below is the tentative schedule and based on meeting, the participants that will be invited to participate (Mitigation Planning Committee(MPC), Stakeholders (SH), and the Public (P)). The next MPC meeting will be on August 1 st. The outreach meeting is for the public and will be held on September 13th at 3:00 pm at the Knapp Community Center. The public meeting will be held on September 13th, at 6 pm at City Hall. TENTATIVE SCHEDULE MPC: Mitigation Planning Committee/SH: Stakeholders/P: Public Date Description Participants 5-1-23 Overview of FEMA updated Local Mitigation Policy Guide MPC (Effective April 19, 2023) Roles and responsibilities outlined Review of data needed and assignment leads Review of current plan: Hazards, goals, current actions, development changes; review of plans or reports for inclusion in plan. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 249 c Date Description 71 Participants Review hazards in 2019 plan Determine changes to hazards, goals and discuss how hazards Discuss stakeholders 5-25-23 Current Actions updated to be finalized next meeting MPC New Actions to be discussed Local capabilities discussed to be finalized next meeting Local Development update discussed to be finalized next meeting Pearland facilities finalized Finalize Stakeholders 6-23-23 Stakeholders contacted requesting their participation by letter and MPC email 7-13-23 Hazard profiles complete MPC Hazard Review and ranking New Actions discussed 8-1-23 New Actions prioritized and finalized MPC Plan maintenance process finalized 8-10-23 Conference call with Stakeholders MPC/SH 8-16-23 Draft to MPC for review MPC 9-7-23 Conference call with Stakeholders to request review of draft and MPC providing process to submit comments from second review 9-13-23 Outreach meeting MPC/SH/P 9-13-23 First Public Meeting MPC SH P 9-23-23 Data collections and review. Comments from first public meetings MPC incorporated; updating all sections after meeting 10-23-23 Stakeholders contacted regarding public meeting and providing MPC process to submit comments from second review 11-1-23 Final Draft for review prior to second public and outreach meetings MPC 11-9-23 Second Outreach meeting MPC/P 11-9-23 Second Public Meeting MPC SH/P 11-10-23 Plan uploaded to City Website; Public given 30 days to review and provide comments 12-15-23 Comment cycle closes and comments incorporated MPC 12-22-23 Plan is finalized to be sent to TDEM for review process MPC Actions From Meeting Action Item Assigned Prepare minutes and distribute to MPC KT Actions for hazards MPC City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 250 c City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Tuesday, August 1, 2023 Meeting Minutes Mitigation Planning Committee Attendees Attendees Title and Department Joel Hardy Grants/Special Projects Administrator/Administration, City of Pearland Rajendra Shrestha City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Thomas Knox Assistant City Engineer, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Sasha Buchheit Stormwater Coordinator, Pearland Engineering and Public Works Department Peter Martin Emergency Management Coordinator, Pearland Administration Jacob Johnson Assistant Fire Chief, Pearland Fire Department Carry Capers Director, Pearland Parks and Recreation, Patrick Savage Assistant Police Chief, Pearland Police Department Mellanee Roberts Deputy Emergency Management Coordinator, Pearland Administration Kristen Thatcher Plan Consultant, JSWA Review and acceptance of July 13, 2023 minutes The MPC reviewed the minutes from the July 13, 2023. As there were no changes requested, the minutes were accepted by the team and will be incorporated into the plan update. Review and Finalize the details for each mitigation action The MPC reviewed the details to each mitigation action. TK and KT will work with team members to populate items that were not populated during this meeting. Mitigation Action Prioritization The team was given evaluation criteria and scoring information. There were ten categories. Each category was ranked with one being low and ten being high for the category. The categories were then totaled and based on the total point count, the action was deemed a low, medium, or high priority. The table below is the result of that prioritization process. Plan Maintenance process The MPC discussed the current plan's maintenance process which included monitoring, evaluating, and updating the plan and a high-level discussion of what works and what can be improved including working on a plan maintenance schedule. Stakeholder Call There will be a conference call with the stakeholders, August 10, 2023 to give stakeholders an update on the work done on the draft to date and to explain how stakeholders can assist. First Draft of Plan update The first draft of the plan update will be distributed to the MPC on August 11, 2023 for review and input. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 251 c Tentative schedule Below is the tentative schedule and based on meeting, the participants that will be invited to participate (Mitigation Planning Committee (MPC), Stakeholders (SH), and the Public (P)). The first draft comments are requested to be returned by August 25th. The second call with the stakeholders and second draft are scheduled for September 7th. The outreach meeting is for the public and will be held on September 13th at 3:00 pm at the Knapp Community Center. The public meeting will be held on September 13th, at 6 pm at City Hall. TENTATIVE SCHEDULE MPC: Mitigation Planning Committee/SH: Stakeholders/P: Public Date Description Participants 5-1-23 Overview of FEMA updated Local Mitigation Policy Guide MPC (Effective April 19, 2023) Roles and responsibilities outlined Review of data needed and assignment leads Review of current plan: Hazards, goals, current actions, development changes; review of plans or reports for inclusion in plan. Review hazards in 2019 plan Determine changes to hazards, goals and discuss how hazards Discuss stakeholders 5-25-23 Current Actions updated to be finalized next meeting MPC New Actions to be discussed Local capabilities discussed to be finalized next meeting Local Development update discussed to be finalized next meeting Pearland facilities finalized Finalize Stakeholders 6-23-23 Stakeholders contacted requesting their participation by letter and MPC email 7-13-23 Hazard profiles complete MPC Hazard Review and ranking New Actions discussed 8-1-23 New Actions prioritized and finalized MPC Plan maintenance process finalized 8-10-23 Conference call with Stakeholders MPC/SH 8-16-23 Draft to MPC for review MPC 9-7-23 Second draft for MPC to review. MPC/SH Conference call with Stakeholders to request review of draft and providing process to submit comments from review 9-13-23 Outreach meeting MPC/SH/P 9-13-23 First Public Meeting MPC SH P City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 252 c Date Description Participants 9-23-23 Data collections and review. Comments from first public meetings MPC incorporated; updating all sections after meeting 10-23-23 Stakeholders contacted regarding public meeting and providing MPC process to submit comments from second review 11-1-23 Final Draft for review prior to second public and outreach meetings MPC 11-9-23 Second Outreach meeting MPC/P 11-9-23 Second Public Meeting MPC SH P 11-10-23 Plan uploaded to City Website; Public given 30 days to review and provide comments 12-15-23 Comment cycle closes and comments incorporated MPC 12-22-23 Plan is finalized to be sent to TDEM for review process MPC Actions From Meeting Action Item Assigned Prepare minutes and distribute to MPC KT Provided additional detail information for actions KT/TK Provide input to maintenance process MPC First draft due to MPC August 16th KT/DW City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 253 c APPENDIX B — Example Stakeholder Letter City of Pearland 3519 Liberty Drive Pearland,Texas 77581 s , Tel:281-652-1600 June 23,2023 Chief J_L.Spires Chief of Police Pearland Police Department 2555 Cullen Parkway Pearland,TX 77581 RE: Request to Participate in the City of Pearland,Texas,Local Hazard Mligation Plan Update Dear Chief Spires: The City of Pearland,Texas is in the process of updating its 2019 FEMA Local Hazard Mitigation Plan(HMP)as FEMA requires local jurisdictions to update their plans every five years.The plan is drafted by a Mitigation Planning Committee(MPC)comprised of members of the City's Departrnents.However,through the planning process,the MPC strongly encourages engagementof stakeholders to help increase communitynesilience.The 2019 Hazard Mitigation Plan can be located on the City of Pearland's Engineering Division webpage_ The planning process is an opportunity to bring together a wide range of community4aased partners representing the interests of the whole community.The MPC has identified individuals and organizations that may be affected by mitigation actions and policies and who can provide specific information on topics or provide input from a different point of view in the community including: • Local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities • Agencies that have the authority to regulate development • Neighboring communities • Representatives of businesses,academia,and other private organizations • Representatives of nonprofit organizations,including community-based organizations. that work directly with and/or provide support to underserved communities and socially vulnerable populations,among others. This is a great opportunity for your organization to be involved in the planning process and the MPC would like to cordially invite you as a member of the stakeholder group. Participation includes providing information or input to inform the plan's content and reviewing the plan from City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 254 c Fyou and perspective to ensure it is representative of all of Pea riand.It will not eq,'�ireVran in person meetings.We will have conference call outlining the Alan's draft and will emaiLlmail you a link to review the plan as,well as invite you to attend the public meetings. Thank you very much for considering this request.It is important that stakeholders and the public have an opportun ity to review and com men(on these critical policies. Sincerely, a.4 - Thomas M.Knox III,P-E.,CFM Assistant City Engineer City of Peariand City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 255 e APPENDIX C — Stakeholder Presentations City of Peartand Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 Update What is Hazard Mitigation? iat is a Hazard Mitigation Plan? j j- 2 .n y Update the Current Plan? 0, c." clw he.1,,.........mltlgatlon 3 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 256 c What has the Mitipton Planning Corm ttee been up t07 nom x aeavert�m..e x wrx�neau smaa-x nyA..er uxmr..�emc rrae.,r�mntrme ®�® �•nen x nr�wea le, ummmr m,mai�mn Lrrx4 u ��aw P ,m�u,onerr M1w exae-p �� ant-wr<oenw,f ee mkmwit OnaAY-StMtnee trePa�MMmisl the M,Ymeem imwct pw..i er.yyre 4 How can Stakeholders Help? eeA of you har a enque q t.,y ie ,end rvgwunlly perapretive •Reports/SWE1es/ htlOgetipn scllm Assessments Ibes r Datat InbrmeJm wr nmm a naahaia ovv.a�nm larger commRrary 5 RISK INFORMED . netn.re area:to mare impa:tee[netyo,+ant[ne wac mne male aW,re+ . ,.e,nere a„�u mu reeamne�enm ea 1,warp.uen . ear tars p an Ge'.n[orpprateE ar re:iewea in rwFar[of tFe plans'repor,sF , Z City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 257 c REACHING THE WHOLE PEARLAND COMMUNITY • 1.1 canmv�lq kno„aheut • lal community Fnew.heat urgerunc.el Plan I �1 d,n Prin " �oeial Moni edia tors Actions to Mitigate Hazards P.r..ax n.:,re.I.w mrt;{alkn..lkin.n Mrz e........ekn:Pam>�lr kn mm qv 8 DATES TO REMEMBER wwtlo-AP/E 0 • smanr..P.n, • w:.ra r.w.w .r mna..n ®®®lam • x�.m « A—t 31'- P,Cal wi�YaM.W x 7 n w< Sapbmb.r 13M Ou wetl Ak.tlny 14Mk W.tlrq tClq k 9 3 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 258 c 9/8/2023 City of Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan 2C'" Upda slk—lda,aa.-- a me-7.,o_3 1 ,fete or: h.:FEr�nk requiremzn¢ COmTurc,l:Re511'.?nee RV—ouUeach and par-p—n rough—Ilse process(—y rev lbare [abula[ed arN vnLL be dizc_"t' Ccmmumry lifelines Socially�Werable PI.0— Ctlmate Change 2 c r SAYS... Website _..,...._ HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN mUPDATE: , Social Public C. titFci» 3 1 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 259 c 9/8/2023 a 5 6 2 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 260 9/8/2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 261 c 9/8/2023 k r -- _ 10 RISK INFORMED . . .,.. r,VxtvU tea,YVu went Ne M1W(t''Dr<.eGe awe•e? ' OOTt,tL.:O.....essrcerts.I,atyw....o,ee lor+rore�etailec . err i�s:plan le lrc VrWre,eE or.Vvl¢u�ed In,l.{.oV,t of lra Oia*5s.pta.t.' 9 11 Actions to Mitigate Hazards sa..;t,.�m�tegatlnn e,ta,.are aie9viu-K: C Y I�,ntn la. nvn a e 1 12 '1 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 262 c 9/8/2023 How can Stakeholders Help? M—r.W.w 1M erok.me�ar.,r.xra,vrMd xvd—mha�na�ex,aad ask quxa[ianr UPDATE • 13 DATES TO REMEMBER .oran N-w.x ro rw r ®® �o�v��ntuM1«rixy .- �Flrsl Pu�lk MeerNq(C ••••• .,�•�•�•• ,. O°' 'a••v Maul 6'.W PM 6 a�lRl.txr comm2n;i rxx .w nxn arxx. _ .vxxvr 1 sfaYeMdEe outs, r eeti K.vv P. serous tciN Nat 14 1„Ivr D'J DRkFT? �1'3 tAMl Thank T1E ilrc slwcd lark will lc srnlin an '"^^^� YOU! . canmemsarceaur ona on or xtae nrr�,,.�„ uPaa tars. 15 5 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 263 c APPENDIX D — Public Notice of Public Meetings Notice of Public Meetings printed in The Pearland Reporter Pearland Edition REPORTER--NEWS .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................ Your Independent Local News Source Since 1984 'OLUME 54,ISSUE 36 WEDNESDAY,SEPTEMBER 6,2023 USPS 013363 50 CENTS Around Town 11 Co.n cat-:_ __-A boot^t Cmi S+1011ys otl,ce LEGALS LEGALS Area Briefs NOTICE OF PUBLIC MEETING Gas station permit granted,with conditions robot.The Davis Guards fired their cannon 107 limes in The City of Pendant a updating ui Hazartl ody(Mrog2FEn Plan,t I requited Pearland CityCouncil on Aug. 8 supported 5-1 a con- 35 minutes of action,heatingthe odds all while taking W Jr.Federal Emergency Managemem Agercy(FEMA)one tM Taros g' pP° g D,vlSl n of Emergency Management ITDEM).The Cry staff roll host two ditional use permit dual would have allowed a gas station 300 Union soldiers prisoner and sinking two of the four maetegs vnm me public on September 13,2023.to discos the draft.the to open at 4109 Manuel Road,so long as the plan was gunboats.What is unique about this battle.Smith says,arc planning process.the 11—rds addressed.and the mibgatron actions.The screened and re-oriented to place gas pumps farther from tactics that were used,the use of the area's geographic fea- tnsl meeting.1,be held at the Melvin Knapp Activiry Center(2424 South residences. lures and the patience of Dowling's men. Park Av)—at 3:Do proThe snort meeung will he held at Pearland City Hall(35191 oily Drive)at 6:00 pm.The puce n erunuraged to cane to Petrichor Technical Group ll wants to build the sta- This museum is located at 100 East Cedar in Angleton. either meeting. tion on the site of a previous gas station that was demol- Admission is free and open to the public.For more infor- ished. mation,call 979-864-1208. NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARINGS OF Two residents with young children spoke in opposition THE PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION AND THE CITY COUNCIL to the permit,citing the presence of dangerous fuel vapors Caution urged as hunting season opexs in residential areas.In addition,they said,gas stations and Texas Parks and Wildlife is cautioning outdoor endul OF THE CITY OF PEARLAND,TE%AS convenience stores are much larger than they were year; siasts to take wildfire precautions as cooler weather ap- ago. proaches and hunting season opens in September. Notices herely,given that the Banning ad Zonal Commission of the City of "It's time to set a new precedent and not allow gas sta- Any activities that create heat or sparks can ignite dry Poarlavd in Braroria.Missand Fort Bad Counties.Texan of hold a pubic heal on Monday Octobar 2,2023,at6:30 p.m..at City Hall.3519 Liberty De tions to share property lines with residential properties." vegetation,according to Wes Moorehead,Texas A&M Poulard.Taros 77581.and that the City Council of Ita City of Peadand rill hold neighbor Diane Friday said. Forest Service Fire Chief. a public hearing and for Ordinance adoption consideration anMonday,October "Since mid-June,Texas has been marked by devastating 23,20t3.at6:30p.m.at City MI.3610 Liberty Di,.Pearland lines 77581 Sabine Pass,presentation set Thursday wildfires that have burned more than 75,000 achl mid 1. Updates and Anertdmerts to that CanpreAe�v mria s Plan:A request Bra County Historical Museum this Thursday will Moorehead said in a release. by the City ol PeadaM.appiranC for approval of proposed updates and host a 6 pm.presentation by Shannon Smith,site director Tips include avoiding driving over or parking on dry amenhnenu to the 2015 Comprehensive Plan mth Comprehensive at Varner Hogg Plantation,Levi Jordan Plantation and Sa- grass.adhering to burning restrictions and keeping tools Plan Pearlar& o. bine Pass Battleground State Historic Site. such cus a shovel and water handy to extinguish a fire should Al said hearing.all nteresed parties shall fume the right and opportunity to ad Smith will discuss the history of Sabine Pass and the one start.Those with trailers are asked to ensure tires are pear and be heard an the srgect.For stational information,please contact the battle that is still taught in military colleges today.In Sep- properly inflated and chains or loose metal do not make Community Deebpmem Depsr6neN an 281 6521740. rember of 1863,Confederate Lt.Richard"Dick"W.Dow- contact with the roadway and cause sparks. Fkreece Bui AICF ling and 46 men known as the Davis Guards successfully Mom information is available at tfsweb.tamumduyHunt- SenurPuale,I defended the channel of Sabine Pass from Uhmn advance- ingFnreS.fotyl 6 REPORTER NEWS.September 6.2023 PuNMetl Sepremar fi PaAhact Segeniber fi .L EURLS :LEGALS.. Published October 25&November 1 CITY OF PEARLAND,TEXAS NOTICE OF PUBLIC MEETING The City of Pearland is updating its Hazard Mitigation Plan, as required by the: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM). The City staff will host the second of two meetings with the public on November 9,2023,to discuss the final draft,receive input and explain how the public can provide additional input.The comment peri- od is open for 30 days and will start November 10th and run until December 11th, 2023, The first meeting will be held at the Melvin Knapp Activity Center(2424 South Park Avenue)at 3:00 pm. The second meeting will be held at Pearland' City Hall (3519 Liberty Drive)at 6:00 pm.The public is encouraged to come to either meeting. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 264 e City of Pearland-Government 0 ... NOTICE OF PUBLIC MEETING: The City of Pearland is updating its Hazard Mitigation Plan, ac reeluired by the Federal Emergency Ma =c�rent :en -`.' : :I,e -".as Division Of (TDEM).The City st gill host T'r,''-`r•==mgs with the public NEXT Wedre;;=;_: S- _ember 13, 2023,to discuss : r-,-.E c -he ha=cr-r:c ?�'::=l ez—d, r .� =-ice .,.- -l4 -I�n a,�tinnc,—rie fi rct Teetl!l�l .'vi] he vela at Lne i,/ei%in <napp r,;424 South :aik .venU-,. See mare 1 .0 1 W HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN PUBLIC MEETING ON 9/13 The City wig host two meetings to discuss details Details r . _ r GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS RESIDENTS BUSINESS IWANT tni D .. i �i :ti BDEBIBit IWAIIE CALENDAR MONTH VIEW CALENDAR MONTH VIEW �� •..,M... .�• r..rus n.r e.ror CM MRYtlp w M�mwnr,...n Nun. _.... Nu1rG Wtlytlon Pl.rr Y..Xnp HBa1E MIU9101n Plan M...ny D.u: 04f 1101/600 pm6J0 pn s.eoo i.u.'_^AJ Eac.Wn. Ch I1N ..nw C.rtYtl e><•am 1.,..asm Vrwnwwper..,wa.W..wn Nn .-,•.�..+..r.e wt� el.upewgn b.ltleM.9uuM.n xuyeb eJ n.f.eertl EmeO.rrcv Ym.R.rueregwwy 11E-1.lw.—.n1 Exey n..r •+Mw—u.e.. .a Jmpn n.CM.uIl.tlnotlrwm.xnp.Mn.ryErean S.q.rrb.13 M3 r.Auv—A eu p..n.n.z.re..eerxua .w.a<M Ynrylewp o...w.mm .ne n.nMyxn.aem. i.tnweuxNu w..uw.ww. w`�n�+bW/+>h'M Cw+W i1Ue Spun Ptl./w.rw.l tl l00 pm .PxrWU Ury e..i15i9lnuh Diw,.r600 Oe Aeen.LMB.Y TM p-0tl a.rcwn.pM b cam.b.ne mx.ry City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 265 c City of Pearland - Government O 19h � ••• The City of Pearland is updating their Hazard Mitigation Plan and will be hosting the second of two meetings with the public on November 9th to discuss the final draft, receive input, and explain how the public can provide additional input. The first meeting will be held at the Melvin Knapp Activity Center (2424 South Park Avenue) at 3:00 pm. The second meeting ti'Vill be held at Pearland City Hall (3519 Liberty Drive) at 6:00 pm. The public is encouraged to come to either meeting. For more information, be sure to visit pearlandtx.gov//hazard CITY OF PEARLAND SEEKING INPUT REGARDING HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN City staff will host two meetings with the public on November 9,2023,at locations listed below to discuss the draft, planning process, the hazards addressed,and the mitigation actions. Melvin Knapp ActivitySouth Pearland City Hall • Liberty6:00 PM For more information and to submit feedback on the Plan, visit: I • . go Whazard DDVE•xxExT DfM•TMEMTS O OExTS• M u ^� .0 1WAN. r r® MITIGATIONCITY OF PEARLAND SEEKING INPUT REGARDING HAZARD Click here for •re information o an a Min POPULAR SERVICES Le 0 er 0 0 0 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 266 c APPENDIX E - Pearland in Motion Flood and Drainage Issues and CRS and Flood Outreach a � G Responding to Flood & Drainage Issues PEAR LAND SFLOODPLAINS a m lnap mdoesnr mean roues nee aabine r.al umelne .. ,.- .. ., ., 1. nYbY z myr slrohd. tar ass�srame°r leeeral lcanz will be ou eesr.omrmn. eebzdelrw wanao° ea byr�ne ° - emeger<y neY Rur..v. uodµ.en can eevar �Ite�a r rrage"pme�ms rq sagimry eM u4 aby wake n FLOOD IN SURANCEPIKInC"YOU FINANCIALLY mi,igmim r Aaadlxainw in a,arx irw.aK.lcaY me cnydluNaamaq.mina ry rem.m ~ ma °° ce LANe•NnaY pearbrgr.a IwodP pmpenY insurance porky or your remers pDlicy Some nnrtgryez rxuire you ro buynxdinzwanze.bul you can �'-" -' : erryaPollcy even it your leneer doesm rxulre ir.Host : 325 10 4.64 712 City News City News PEARLANO FURTHERS WHAT'SYOURFLOODPLAINIOT CITY ISSUES HURRICANE SEASON STRATEGIC PRIORITY OF opwb a in a Iaodgan�+w you PREPAREDNESS MESSAGE SUSTAINABLE INFRASTUCTURE W.imgixlim.are,d.a lyaiaem•load axing lamiea+e xawn. d apprcrv.d roy P.9aney Parts Subtlivigm NvmeaNxo We you proDnly bwredo The Ctyd Dealwrd T= mrwdanm a �rM1ea m q.p anean b enaJle "wae' .ram m.mm� ._ aa�x°m,.n°aremal°°Jq:x Jreym earm. ea mWq Ue AogJ eJv gI.la I e.Gryt adw:rrb INe aep>eeq® ya aprcJb kr Repen P &Odu al . - mNNn d G Gr G Tnn ReOemY•P aSub Old Id away ^ G 1 a dacd MnpM.uM N umf E m—d— a wYr ft.kd, 9 x gopnry BV dog eNd Pld, Ngwll Ut _ s<. -avail I° 11R. I-P,- M nn neevP.wrae P• j{1 ly "mil I Y N •vx B bn Ina ro m h d d p D STORM w m� °dPa .x rot�a and�Iwm.l�, gpfidaywY na,�pwe rom �:zolsBa,x.�mrxryNand..e AHEAD a rcwmbu..ri ry ic�c pRgc9Yp. �i a P��.Y:Oro 6PecIN Fbad Hvard Area p iv nr.rr u i .......... Reper4 P Fb tll anc R Va1%yhoust povf epland Gaspe !"� Cd,; S Cry d P O ddP D FEL�'e npar eu"nM iy do h p RmmPwml adaMrce. le n u b ) rm.l mr as ren.prl o f D.G r r tl ape f0 T - ddama A FP, U D V R gV.ra and aWPy ;' oy M d n Nxn lne mry Iwe sew w Aw,.rw.x vx. k. Ms D T nnntnne k. 9 ° e Meo n.lnrm m m GM1 by Its r ' brpar aN naJ AsaertOeanenkll Ill. tl•s eaemda� p—mg The P 1 E 1 rot 5 v uJ naa:nJ tlacumenn arpp' — en�i d by a d.�b redvx Mure Review nut cane m apa d epen•ufe damn.Ad,gYa=1 I- ,v r -in ndva inbrmn— Maoaplain Am mw¢ pen lwwn c us .wi u.:�rae alely. P. ....... ...... a City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 267 c APPENDIX F - Survey Results Pearland Hazard Mitigation Plan Update - Public Survey Q1 w In the past five years,which of the following hazard events have you experienced in Pearland?(Check all that apply) Answered:133 Skipped:0 Climate Change Drought Extreme Temperatures... I Flooding (SCraet/Land) I- Flood!ng(in a home oc.. Geologic (Landslide,... Tornado Severe Weather (high winds„.. Severe Winter storms... Wildfire other(pease specify) 0� 10% 20% 301e, 401Y. 5 0% 601Y, 7090 80% 9oq 1001e, ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Climate Change 45.86% 61 Drought 64.66% 86 Extreme Temperate—(heat and cold) 88.72% 118 FLooding(Street/Land) 51.8896 69 Flooding(in a home or business) 14.2WI. 19 GeoLogic(Landslide,sinkhoLes,subsidence) 6.771,5 9 Tornado 15.041,6 p..... Severe Weather(high winds,Lightning,hail) 63.161k 84 Severe Winter Storms(bLizmrd,heavy snow,ice) 34.59 b 46 WiLdBre 0.75% 1 Other(please specify) 7.52% 10 Total Respondents 133 Share Link https://www.surveymon key.com/re! L� 1 133 responses City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 268 c Ana md:132 Skipped:1 ■ Cti mate change Drought Extreme Tempe2tu fe5... ■ street/sand Flooding-in a hortre or... Sh—Link 133 responses City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 269 c Geologic (landslide,... Tornado Sever e weather (ri gh w nds, Severe winter storms... ■ WindAne 1 0% 109b 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 801Y, 90% 100% N Not Concer... Soh—hat 0 Concerned N Very Gonce... Ertremely... NOT SOMEWHAT CONCERNED VERY EXTREMELY TOTAL WEIGHTED CONCERNED CONCERNED CONCERNED CONCERNED AVERAGE Climate 30.00% 10.00% 21.541/, 18.4G% 20.001k Change 39 13 28 24 26 13C 2.88 Drought 6.11% 19.85% 26.191/. 27.481A 21.37A 8 26 33 36 28 131 3.38 Extreme 3.06% 16.79% 20.61% 32.06% 27.48% Temperatures 4 22 27 42 36 131 3.64 (heat and ,.Id) City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 270 c Flooding- 8.33% 17.42% 19.701.E 20.451.E 34.091.E Street/Land 11 23 26 27 45 132 3.55 Flooding-in 11.63% 17.83%.... 16.26% 18.60,15 35.661.E a home or 15 23 21 24 46 in 3.49 business Geologic 43.31% 25.20% 18.9046 5.511A 7.091k (landslide, 55 32 24 7 9 127 2.08 sinkholes, subsidence) Tornado 17.19% 36.16% 28.91% 13.281k 5.471A 22 45 37 17 7 128 2.55 Severe 6.201/0 18.60% 37.21% 25.581/1 12.401.5 Weather 8 24 48 33 16 129 3.19 (High vends, Lightning, hail) Severe 28.91% 25.78% 20.311/b 14.841k 10.161A Winter 37 33 26 19 13 128 2.52 Storms (blizzard, heavy sn , ice) Windfire 45.53% 24.39% 20.331.E 5.691A 4.07% 56 30 25 7 5 123 1.98 Q3 Please check which hazard(s) have damaged your home. (Check all that apply) Answered:96 Skipped:37 Cli mate Change Drought Extreme Tent perstu res... R (StreeVLard)Lantl) Roo m(in a home oc.. Geologic ■ (Landslide.... Tornado ' Severe Weather (high wins,... Severe Winter Storms... If yes Pies. W Idflre specify the... 09E 109b 20% 3095 409E 5041 609b 709'1 809E 909E 1009E ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Climate Change 15.63% 15 Drought 42.71% 41 Extreme Temperatures(heatand cold) 36.461h 35 Flooding(Street/Land) 18.75% 18 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 271 e Flooding(in a home or business) 26.041h 25 Geologic(LandsLide,sinkholes,subsidence) 8.33% 8 Tornado 3.131A 3 Severe Weather(high winds,Lightning,hail) 43.75% 42 Severe Winter Storms(blizzard,heavy snow,ice) 16.67% 16 WiLdBre 0.00% 0 If yes,please specify the damage sustained and or the event that caused the damage 3021% 29 Total Respondents:96 Q4 How effective do you think the following methods are for providing hazard and disaster information? Answered:133 Skipped:0 TV nternet I Social Media I Telephone City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 272 c Radio ■ I City Website ■ cc unty we bSi[e 1 Newspaper 11111, Mass NOtftat.,... Public Mee[inQS or... m City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 273 e Advertisement 13 47 40 25 3 128 2.67 Q5 A number of activities can reduce your community's risk from natural hazards.These activities can be both regulatory and non-regulatory. Please check the box that best represents your opinion on the following strategies to reduce the risk and loss associated with natural hazards in Pearland. An—red:133 Skipped:0 Ragwatory approach to._ ' I Combination 0/ ms latory_. I I I Policies that ■ prohibit... I I I Protect historicala.. ' I City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 274 c Schools 1 Public Library I ■ Oemeq advertisement I 0% 10% 20% 304t 40% 501/. 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very Eflecti._ 0 Somewhat._ Not Effective N Unsure (no lab.0 VERY SOMEWHAT NOT UNSURE (NO TOTAL WEIGHTED EFFECTIVE EFFECTIVE EFFECTIVE LABEL) AVERAGE TV 35.11% 41.22% 19.081A 4.58% 0.00% 46 54 25 6 0 131 1.93 Internet 47.73% 45.45% 6.061k 0.7VA 0.00% 63 60 8 1 0 132 1.6C Social Media 45.38% 36.15% 13.08% 4.62% 0.77% 59 47 17 6 1 130 1.79 Telephone 28.79% 43.941A 21.21% 5.30% 0.76% 38 58 28 7 1 132 2.05 Radio 17.69% 40.00% 33.081A 8.46% 0.77% 23 52 43 11 1 130 2.35 City Website 21.21% 52.27% 18.941A 7.58% 0.00% 28 69 25 10 0 132 213 County Website 16.790A 47.331A 24.43% 11.46% 0.00% 22 62 32 15 0 131 2.31 Newspaper 3.85% 18.46% 63.08% 14.62% 0.00% 5 24 82 19 0 130 2.88 Mass Notification 56.49% 30.53% 2.29% 10.69% 0.00% System 74 40 3 14 0 131 1.67 Public Meeti ngsor 6.20% 49.61% 30.23% 13.95% 0.00% Awareness Events 8 64 39 18 0 129 Z52 SchooLs 9.92% 38.931A 28.241A 20.61% 2.29% l3 51 37 27 3 131 2.66 Public Library 3.88% 28.68% 41.091A 24.81% 1.55% 5 37 53 32 2 129 2.91 Outdoor 10.16% 36.72% 31.251A 19.53% 2.341A City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 275 c Makir9 pur home mor6.. I I I Making I..L 1 water,... I I impmv dISOSw.. 1 [>—Iop to COI Imenfory of... ' I 1 Enforce the tl'SCLosure o... I City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 276 c' 0% 109b 20% 30% 4096 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% .Strongly AR.. .AR- .Neutral .Dlsagre Strongly Di... Not Sure STRONGLY AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE STRONGLY NOT TOTAL WEIGHTED AGREE DISAGREE SURE AVERAGE ReguLatory 33.33% 37.1296 20.46% 3.03% 4.55% 1.521/6 approach to 44 49 27 4 6 2 132 2.13 reducing risk (e.g.zoning, Building Codes, Ordinances) Combination of 35.11% 41.98% 18.32% 1.53% 1.53% 1,53% reguLatory 46 55 24 2 2 2 131 1.97 (poLicies and standards)as -LL as -regulatory (education and ss) approaches to reducing risk PoLicies that 53.79% 31.82% 9.09% 1.52% 2.27% 1.52% prohibit 71 42 12 2 3 2 132 1.71 development in areassub;ect to natural hazards Protect 43.51% 38.17% 15.271/6 2.29% 0.76% 0.00% historical and 57 50 20 3 1 0 131 1.79 cuLturat assets Making your 40.00% 45.38% 11.84% 1.54% 0.77% 0.77% home more 52 59 15 2 1 1 130 1.80 disaster resilient Making Local. 73.68% 21.80% 3.01% 0.75% 075% 0.00% Zwater, 98 29 4 1 1 0 133 1.33 wastevrbter, infrastructure, and other public facilities more di saster resilient Improve 42.759% 40.46% 12.98% 0.00°% 0.00% 3.82% disaster 56 53 17 0 0 5 131 125 preparedness of Local schooLs Deve Lop Local. 29.55% 49.24-% 13.641A 3.03% 1.52% 3.03% inventory of at- 39 65 18 4 2 4 132 2.07 risk buildings and infrastructure Enforce the 68.70°% 24.43% 3.82% 0.00% 0.76% 2.29% disclosure of 9C 32 5 0 1 3 131 1.47 natural hazard risks during real estate transactions Q6 Natural hazards can have as ignificant impact on a community, but planning for these events can help lessen the impacts.The following statements will help us determine the priorities of our residents regarding planning for natural hazards in Pearland. Please tell us how important each one is to you. Ansvared:133 Slapped:0 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 277 c Protecting private... I Protecting I critical.. Preventing . de�elopmen L.. I I Enhance the ' functioris of... I Protecting historical a.. I Protectingand I reducing.. City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 278 c Strengthening ' emergency... 1 I D lsclasing . natural haza.. I Prorroting cooperation... Expand , emergency... 1 ow. 109b 20% 30% 409b 50% 60% 70% 80% 909b 1009'0 ■Very Impor._ .Somewhat I... ■Neutral ■Not Very I... Not Import... VERY SOMEWHAT NEUTRAL NOTVERY NOT TOTAL WEIGHTED IMPORTANT IMPORTANT IMPORTANT IMPORTANT AVERAGE Protecting 76.69% 18.80% 3.76% 0.751A 0.00% private property 102 25 5 1 0 133 1.29 Protecting 92.48% 6.02% 1.60% 0.001A 0.00% vitical facilities 123 8 2 0 0 133 1.09 s and a', s ential commun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Preventing 70.68% 19.56% 6.77% 2.29% 0.75% development in 94 26 9 3 1 133 1.43 hazard areas (e.g,restrict building in the floodplain) Enhancethe 75 0.00% 1.60% City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 279 e functions of 101 25 5 0 2 133 1.32 natural features (e.g.,streams, wetLands) Protecting 32.331h 41.351k 20.3Wk 5.26% 0.75-k. historicaL and 43 55 27 7 1 133 2.ol wlturaL Landmarks Protecting and 92.481k 6.02% 1.50% 0.00% 0.00% reducing 123 8 2 o 0 133 1.09 damages to ut.Lities Strengthening 78.79k 13.64% 3.7Wk 3.03% 0.76% emergency 104 18 5 4 1 132 1.33 es le.g., poLice,fire,EMS) Disclosing 64.391h 28.03% 6.06% 0.00% 1.52% natural hazard 85 37 8 o 2 132 1AS risks during real estate transactions Promoting 59.85% 29.55% 10.61% 0.00% 0.00% cooperation 79 39 14 o 0 132 1.51 ong public agencies, esidents,non- profit organizations, and Local businesses Expend 60.61% 31.06% 5.30% 3.03% O.00k emergency 80 41 7 4 0 132 1.51 management and preparedness programs Q7 In the following list, please check those activities that you have done in your home, plan to do in the near future, have not done, or are unable to do. Please check one answer for each activity that you or someone in your household have done. Answered:133 Skipped:0 Attend meetings or... 1 Talked with . memtlers in y... , I Developed an emergency pL.. . I City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 280 c Prepared a disaster sup... Becometralned In first aid... Discussed or created a. I Reviewed Brezoria... Reviewed the Na[iOnaL.. Searched the City's websi.. 0% 1096 20% 304 40% 5 0% 60% 70Wo 80% 90% 100% Have Done N Plan to Do a Not Done M Unable to Do HAVE PLAN TO NOT UNABLE TOTAL DONE DO DONE TO DO Attend meetingsor received i nfonn ati on on natural d i sasters 50.38% 16.54�% 29.32% 3.76% or emergency preparedness 67 22 39 5 133 Talked with members in your home about what to do in case 87.22% 6.02° 4.51% 2.26% City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 281 e or a natural c isaster oremergency iio a o 3 Developed an emergency plan for your home and familyin 75.19°36 18O51k GO21A 0.75% order to decide what everyonewill do in the event of a 100 24 8 1 133 disaster or emergency Prepared a disaster supply kit with extra food,water, 71.97% 23.481.6 4.551.6 0.001i6 batteries,etc. 95 31 6 0 132 Become trained in firstaid andlor CPR 54.5546 11.36% 28.791k 5.3096 72 1 5 38 7 132 Discussed or created a utility shutoff procedure in the event 37.59% 24.81% 36.84% 0.751/1 of a natural disaster 50 33 49 l 133 Reviewed B—oria County's Disaster Guide 30.08% 27.821h 4.2.11'A 0.00°h 40 37 56 0 133 Reviewed the National Weather Service's Hurricane and 67.42% 12.12% 20.4596 0.00% Severe Weather Guide 89 16 27 0 132 Searched the City's website for disaster preparedness 31.58% 21.80% 46.62% 0.00% information 42 29 62 0 133 Q$ Q is your home located in a FEMA-designated floodplain? Answered:132 Skipped:l ves No Unsure 09'0 l0% 20% 30% 40q 50% 60% 70% 8D% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Yes 20.45% 27 No 62.12% 82 Unsure 17.421A 23 TOTAL 132 Q9 Q Do you have flood insurance and have you ever had problems obtaining flood insurance? Answered:133 Skipped:0 Do you have flood... I 1 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 282 c Have you eyor had problems... ■ 0% 10% 20Wo 309 40% 50Wo &t% 70T. 80% 90% 10ow, ■yes .NO Not sure YES NO NOT TOTAL WEIGHTED SURE AVERAGE Do you have flood insurance? 69.9296 28.57% 1.50% 93 38 2 133 1.32 Have you ever had problems obtaining flood 4.51% 86.47% 9.02% insurance? 6 116 12 133 2.05 Q10 What types of projects do you believe the City should be doing in order to reduce damage and disruption from hazard events within Pearland? Please rank each option as high, medium or low priority. Ansmred:133 Skipped:0 C3Pital projeMs SUC... Retrofit i nffasbuCtu... Strengthen Codes and... ■ Provide better pub6G.. ■ Perform projetts the... 1 Assl.. wtna'lsist City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 283 c Perform projects Ma... Adquim vulnerable.. aetroatand strengthen... 0% 10% 20% 309E 40% 509E 60% 704b 809E 9o% 100% .High .Medium §Low HIGH MEDIUM LOW TOTAL WEIGHTED AVERAGE Capital projects such as Lift stations,elevate critical facilities, 75.76% 18.949E 5.309E drainage improvements and bank stabiLization projects 1CO 25 7 132 1.30 Retrofit infrastructure such as roads,bridges,drainage 77.44% 19.55% 3.01% facilities,water supply,waste water and power supply 103 26 4 133 1.26 faciLities Strengthen codes and regulations to include higher regulatory 48.48% 41.67% 9.85% standards in hazard area 64 55 13 132 1.61 Provide better public information about risk,and the 50.009E 40.15% 9.85% exposure to hazards within the City 66 53 13 132 1.6C Perform projects that restore the natural environments 71.97% 24.249E 3.79% capacityto absorb the impacts from natural hazards 95 32 5 132 1.32 Assist vulnerabLe property owners with securing funding for 38.649E 45.459E 15.919E mitigation 51 60 21 132 1.77 Perform projects that mitigate the potentiaL impacts from 48.489E 32.589E 18.94% cli mate change 64 43 25 132 1.70 Acquire vulnerabLe properties and maintain as open space 50.00% 30.309E 19.70% 66 40 26 132 1.70 Retrofit and strengthen essenti aL faci Lities such as police,fire, 69.23% 23.85 k 6.929E schooLs and hospitals 90 31 9 13C 1.38 Powered by ^SurveyMonkey Check out our sample surveys and create your own nowl City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 284 e APPENDIX G - CDC Data by Pearland Census Tract by SVI Theme Census Socio Housing Racial and Housing Type Overall Variable Tract Economic Characteristics Ethnic and Track percentage Minority Transportation summary means Status Ranking 48039660100 0.164 0.307 0.3329 0.0516 0.1053 Low 48039660200 0.2233 0.2628 0.386 0.6688 0.3499 Low/Med 48039660301 0.2051 0.1504 0.2589 0.6959 0.2971 Low 48039660302 0.0342 0.0885 0.256 0 0.0066 Low 48039660303 0.0486 0.0723 0.1995 0.1084 0.0343 Low 48039660401 0,2351 0.7057 0.4439 0.1384 0.2833 Low 48039660402 0.0672 0.0892 0.4766 0.1179 0.0655 Low 48039660403 0.22 0.0676 0.5594 0.365 0.1994 Low 48039660501 0.1115 0.0499 0.6947 0.0628 0.0541 Low 48039660502 0.0827 0.1732 0.6546 0.359 0.1906 Low 48039660503 0.2042 0.7067 0.3497 0.2557 0.3184 Low/Med 48039660504 0.4903 0.2625 0.4019 0.0933 0.2411 Low 48039660603 0.0989 0.0118 0.6281 0.7526 0.1682 Low 48039660604 0.0361 0.602 0.8855 0 0.0981 Low 48039660605 0.0231 0.3896 0.8391 0.0899 0.1191 Low 48039660606 0.0075 0.5334 0.796 0.064 0.1074 Low 48039660607 0.3274 0.0385 0.6971 0.4391 0.2473 Low 48039660608 0.0988 0.2542 0.1709 0 0.0313 Low 48039660609 0.3138 0.2519 0.5911 0.0792 0.1859 Low 48039660610 0.1614 0.3039 0.6473 0.2234 0.2184 Low 48039660611 0.2189 0.1343 0.6314 0.1393 0.1607 Low 48039660612 0.0777 0.0424 0.6335 0.0582 0.0368 Low 48039660613 0.0202 0.0677 0.8116 0.2218 0.0891 Low 48039660614 0.0904 0.1223 0.5664 0.2887 0.1506 Low 48039660615 0.6038 0.1389 0.578 0.1254 0.2858 Low 48039660616 0.1548 0.221 0.8566 0.0653 0.1416 Low 48039660703 0.1326 0.3562 0.5123 0.5351 0.3041 Low/Med 48039660704 0.0591 0.2738 0.4559 0.3296 0.1769 Low 48039660705 0.5336 0.1528 0.6478 0.301 0.3596 Low/Med 48039660706 0.1596 0.1783 0.5467 0.3186 0.2058 Low 48039660707 0.3868 0.5568 0.4515 0.1602 0.3269 Low/Med 48039660708 0.2528 0.3933 0.3306 0.4311 0.3211 Low/Med 48039660803 0.1884 0.1194 0.4119 0.4724 0.2225 Low City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 285 e Census Socio Housing Racial and Housing Type Overall Variable Tract Economic Characteristics Ethnic and Track percentage Minority Transportation summary means Aft Status Rankin . 48039660804� 0.0655 0.3749 0.3156 0.4107 0.2108 Low 48039660805 0.0395 0.0948 0.4388 0.3889 0.123 Low 48039660806 0.2347 0.1062 0.6688 0.3249 0.226 Low 48039660901 0.7826 0.2258 0.6168 0.8458 0.6901 Med/High 48039660902 0.3576 0.6953 0.4376 0.2354 0.3877 Low/Med 48039661000 0.4214 0.6221 0.4755 0.406 0.4721 Low/Med AVERAGE 0.20341538 0.261471795 0.52965385 0.272394872 0.21057692 LOW (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 2022) City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 286 c APPENDIX H — 2023 Official Brazoria County Disaster Guide 2023 Official Brazoria County ER G u SA .•tom m . I- .., i r \/r • Yo " Prepared7- City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 287 c • . . �a Dear Citizens of Brazoria County, Please take a few minutes to review this year's Disaster and Hurricane Guide.The information provided could save your life or the lives of your loved ones.It is essential to know your vulnerabilities and what actions you should take to prepare for an emergency.Stay informed on conditions in our area by following RELIABLE information sources to helpyou make informed decisions.Preparedness is the key to protecting your family and property. If you or a loved one will need transportation to safety during an emergency event,register NOW for S.T.EA.R(State of Texas Emergency Assistance Registry) by dialing 2-1-1.You are not obligated,but you are prepared if transportation is needed. Be Prepared and Stay Safe Brazoria County! Sincerely, L.M."Matt"Sebesta,Jr. Brazoria County Judge ..... BRAZORIA COUNTY Official Communication a1 Information noG ��e . OF BRP� Hour Emergency Event HotlineNumbers: @BrazoriaCounty • : • 1 • • • : : 1 • ID • 1 • Brazoriao. • pio@brazoriacountytxgov E �• • unty • • • •• Available • � ' •• • • ••• City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 288 ,d Download the Brazoria County 2023 DISASTER GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Emergency Mgmt. o� App Today! PREPARED HELPING TO KEEP YOUR LOVED ONES SAFE z Prepare Your Home When it comes to an emergency situation, having a 2 Prepare Your vehicle plan can help protect you and your loved ones.That is why Brazoria County has developed a mobile app that 3 Family Disaster Check List y Marine and Businesses Prep. helps its citizens stay informed during and after a 5 Prepare for a Flood disaster. You will receive the latest updates and necessary information on evacuation routes, IF YOU HAVE YOUR shelters, available emergency services and much OWN TRANSPORTATION more,should a disaster strike. Download the Brazoria County Emergency Mgmt App 6 Evacuation Plans and get all the information you need in one easy-to- 7 Evacuation zones use app. 8 Evacuating Pets 8 Evacuating Livestock Key Features; 9 Emergency Shelters IF YOU NEED A RIDE 4 Receive latest alerts and emergency notifications OUT OF TOWN from Brazoria County. Find out about the nearest emergency shelters io STLAR Registry(2-1-1) and special services in your area. to Evacuation Huss in Brazoria county � A library of resources 11 Evacuation HUB Transportation Infotmation on your phone. Find out about the ALL HAZARD current river levels. INFORMATION Register for STEAR. 12 Severe Weather 12 Flooding 13 After a Hazardous Materials Incident Q{itw 14 Downed Power Lines k`=•��..: �;� ;�• '^ 14 Rip Currents 14 Heat Safety ." VOLUNTEER SCAN OPPORTUNITIES _n DOWNLGi�D' 15 Skywarn 15 Volunteer Opportunities The app is free and is available on .•• RETURNING —1—d— h, CETITON.: HOME App Store . 16 Returning Home Disaster Guide 2023 1 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 289 c PREPAREDGETTING Prepare Your Home Prepare Your Vehicle •Fill up with fuel before you leave town.It's smart I % to keep your tank at least half full during the entire hurricane season. •Check your vehicle's fluid levels and ensure there i is adequate coolant in the radiator. •Check your tire pressure. •Ensure you have a j ack,a lug wrench,and know w / • where they are in the vehicle. •Carry enough water and non-perishable food •Buy flood insurance. for you and your passengers in case you become •There is a 3o day waiting period before newly stranded. purchased flood insurance goes into effect. •Have a working flashlight and extra batteries. •Install commercial shutters or prepare 5/8 inch •If you are stranded,stay with your vehicle and use plywood panels for your windows. emergency flashers.Tie a white cloth on the •Reinforce garage doors so that they are able to antenna or door handle and raise the hood. withstand high winds.Garage doors are frequently •Motorists should fill their tanks before evacuating. the first feature in a home to fail. •TxDOT works with the private sector to assure fuel •Trim all dead wood,weak,and overhanging availability on designated evacuation routes only. branches from trees as they could damage your or •TxDOT courtesy vehicles will be patrolling your neighbor's property. designated evacuation routes for those stranded. Before you leave �T �iA` •Move outside items to safety,such as patio jr furniture,plants,and grills. i •Put valuable documents in waterproof containers and take them with you when you evacuate. •Turn off electricity at the main circuit breaker or fuse box. •Turn off gas at the appliances. If you're traveling with children, •Remove perishable items from your refrigerator be Sure t0 pack items t0 help keep and freezer. •Make a f inal walk-thro ugh inspection before them entertained closing the door. •Reading materials,puzzle, •Close all interior doors in your home. games,coloringbooks, and electronics with extra chargers and batteries. •Fun road games like Highway. 1�OFt�► BINGO and I Spy.Go online to 1 E,, find lists and ideas. j •Low sugar snacks and sugar free drinks. l •A change of clothes. 2 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 290 c GETTING PREPARED Family Disaster Checklist Essentials Safety Sanitation ❑ Cell phone and charger ❑ First Aid Kit(one for your home ❑ Disinfectant ❑ This guide and one for each car) ❑ Household chlorine bleach ❑ Battery-operated radio ❑ Fire Extinguisher ❑ Soap,liquid detergent ❑ Flashlight ❑ whistle ❑ Toilet paper,towelettes,paper towels ❑ Extra Batteries ❑ Compass ❑ Personal hygiene items ❑ Cash ❑ Cloth towels(at least 3) ❑ Map of the area Food ❑ Feminine supplies ❑ Minimum 7-day supply of ❑ Plastic bucket with tight lid Baby Needs nonperi;hahle food that requires ❑ Plastic garbage bags,ties(for ❑ Formula,diapers,bottles, no refrit,erat[on or preparation, personal sanitation use) medication and powdered milk. and little or no water ❑ Hand Sanitizer ❑ Drycereal Supplies Medical Needs ❑ Peanutbutter ❑ Insulin ❑ Canned fruits ❑ Insect Repellent ❑ Prescription drugs in original ❑ Canned vegetables ❑ Sunscreen containers ❑ Canned juice ❑ Aluminum Foil ❑ Heart and high blood pressure needs ❑ Ready-to-eat canned meats ❑ Paper,Pencil ❑ Denture needs ❑ Ready-to-eat soups(not concentrated) ❑ Plastic sheeting and tarp ❑ Extra eye glasses ❑ Quick energy snacks ❑ Medicine dropper ❑ Contact lenses and supplies ❑ Graham crackers ❑ Needles,thread ❑ Doctor's phone numbers ❑ Matches in a waterproof container important documents ❑ Plastic storage containers Clothing &Bedding ❑ Important telephone numbers ❑ Ziplock bags ❑ Plastic garbage bags,ties ❑ Record of bank account numbers 'Fools ❑ Sunglasses ❑ Family records(birth,marriage, ❑ Rain gear death certificates) ❑ Assorted nails,wood screws ❑ Sturdy shoes or work boots ❑ Inventory of household valuables ❑ Pliers,screwdriver,hammer ❑ Blankets or sleeping bags with digital pictures and video ❑ Paper,Pencil ❑ Complete change of clothing and ❑ Copy of will,insurance policies ❑ Heavy rope footwear per person ❑ Records of credit card account ❑ Tape,duct tape and plumber's numbers and companies tape or strap iron Cooking.Preparation ❑ Copy of passport,social security ❑ Patch kit and can of sea[-in-air ❑ Mess kits or paper cups,plates cards,and immunization records for tires and plastic utensils ❑ Current Utility Bills ❑ Shut off wrench to turn off ❑ Non-electric can opener,utility knife household gas&water ❑ Barbecue for outdoor use only with Pet�Ietd s charcoal and lighter,or sterno stove ❑ Food,leash,collar/harness, You may include ❑ Pot or pan carrier,non-tip food and water ❑ Family photos,jewelry and select ❑ Manual can opener containers,and pet medication. irreplaceable personal items. ❑ Barbecue utensils and cooking ❑ An external Hard Drive utensils Water ❑ i gallon per person per day, Entertainment minimum,in a food-grade, ❑ Games&books plastic container ❑ Additional water for sanitation Disaster Guide 2023 3 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 291 c GETTING PREPARED Protecting Your Boat Business & Employee Marine Prep Preparation •Checkyour marina contract for policies and • Identify and protect vital records.Backup and store procedures for hurricanes. key files off site. •Checkwith the manufacturer for proper ways to • Protect electronic equipment from possible water secure your boat during a storm. damage. •Consider moving arrangements well in advance of • Have extra cash and blank checks in case extra an approaching storm. money is needed after the storm. •Trailerable boats should be removed from the • Identify a safe room for employees who must water and securely stored at least 48-hours before remain in the building. a hurricane is expected to make landfall_ • Develop a 24-hour emergency contact list with •Purchase necessary hurricane materials such as phone numbers for employees to check in and additional mooring lines,crew anchors,fenders, receive company information. fender boards,chafing gear,and anchors. • Establish a temporary location for business •Safe storm moorings should consist of good operations in case your facility is damaged. condition ropes of sufficient diameter and length, • Give employees enough time to secure their homes with at least three or four substantial anchor and families. points. • Consider paying employees before they leave to •Do not moor parallel to bank.Receding tides often prepare their homes. capsize boats in this type of mooring. What to do if you live in a flood-prone area: •Buy flood insurance. •Determine if you live behind a levee, find out who owns the levee near you,and do your part to promote levee safety. r . •Visualize the impact if your levee is over-topped or breached and your neighborhood is flooded. •Develop an emergency action plan to follow in case of flooding. •Take advance precautions to reduce _ . potential flood damage. - •Support funding initiatives for levee ,. , =Pumping Station improvement projects. 4 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 292 c How to for a flood prepare Be informed < t ® •Know if you are located in a flood-prone area and your flood risk. •Stay informed through local media,trusted social media sites,the Brazoria County Emergency Management App,city and county websites. J� If you have ne f5 or Uve5tork •Consider precautionary evacuation of your animals.Waiting until the last minute could be fatal for them and dangerous for you. •Move livestock to higher ground. •Don't leave companion animals behind if you evacuate your home.Tying up animals can cause the animal to suffer unnecessarily and be 'Anchor your fuel tanks.Unanchored tanks can vulnerable to the elements and possible drowning. float,rupture,and release fuel. •Prepare an animal emergency kit.The kit should 'Turn off your electricity at the breaker box and include food,bowl,leash,crate,bed,toys and any unplug sensitive equipment,such computers, TV's,etr,belore ev(iru,u inF;vourhome. medication your animal may need. Protect your home Be. prepared io evacuate •Clear gutters and drains.Keep gutter and drainage •If Mandatory Evacuation is issued by officials, systems clear to carry water away from your home. leave the area for your safety and the safety of your •Catalog possessions.Using a digital camcorder or family.REMEMBER,take your animals with you. camera,create a home inventory for insurance. •For your safety,you will not be able to re-enter an Store digital files on a USB drive and take it with evacuated area until area is deemed safe to return you during an evacuation event. by local officials. •Raise furniture and move expensive items to a safe location.Take irreplaceable items such as Turn around don't drown photographs and important documents with you if •Do not drive into or go near flooded streets or areas. asked to evacuate. •Do not go around safety barriers or barricades. ,a...wwwww..rv.��. Disaster Guide 2023 5 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 293 c YOU + YOU OWN TRANS PO RTATIO Evacuation Plans i How do I know when to evacuate? Don't wait! It is NOT safe to wait.Plan to leave early. Mandatory evacuation orders will come from your local _ officials.Evacuations will be based on zip codes.Please be prepared to leave immediately.See pages 18-2o for specific information pertaining to your city's contact information. - u. Should I evacuate? When evacuating you should: Do not wait until a mandatory evacuation is issued.Monitor .Leave early and avoid heavy traffic conditions and leave early to avoid heavy traffic. Hurricanes .Coordinate your departure with the people who and disasters can be extremely unpredictable and can will be traveling with you becomes much more dangerous in a matter of hours. •Notify an out-of-area person of your evacuation plans •Make arrangements for your pets •Pack your disaster supply kit into your vehicle Where should I go? •Secure your home You may evacuate to any city you choose.Brazoria County •Double check your evacuation route and leave residents who need shelter should go to the state designated Should I carry food and location.If you do not have hotel reservations or family you can stay with,you may evacuate to the state designated drinks in my car? shelter for Brazoria County residents. Yes! Stopping for food or drinks during a large scale evacuation may significantly delay you in getting to your destination.Some restaurants and stores along hurricane routes may be closed and those that are open are likely to be very crowded. Additionally, once you leave the evacuation route to purchase food or drinks,it may be difficult to re- enter the flow of traffic. What can I do to help others? What route should I take? Check on friends,neighbors and assist them if you can There are no mandatory routes you must take when to make sure they can evacuate. If you cannot,help evacuating from your city. In fact, there are several them get in touch with the local emergency different routes you may take.When weather is good, man,tg,e gent office. take your family on an outing to check routes and become familiar with roadways and fuel locations. >If The State has designated evacuation routes: SH-36, you choose not to evacuate SH-288,SH-6,I-45,SH-290,HWY-59.If you choose to take an alternate route,essential services such as food,fuel, NO SHELTERS will be open in Brazoria etc.are not guaranteed.Depending on the strength of the County. • NO SERVICES will be available to you(sewer, storm, contra-flow lanes might be open on SH-45, water,electricity,etc). I-io,and SH-290 thirty-six(36)hours prior to the arrival • Hospitals will close. of gale force winds. Plan your evacuation routes • Ambulances will not run. carefully (having more than one route planned). • Police and fire cannot respond until the storm passes. 6 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 294 c IF YOU • OWN TRANSPORTATION Know your evacuation zone Mandatory evacuations will be based on zip codes.Be prepared to leave immediately after your zip code is called. WAILlN 'I k r FONT N No / SP y /`r CIick here to check COUNTY r' road conditions online. G0 0 0, N ? G ❑!fir ti Check STATE road a conditions online drivetexas.org Iw „" o s o zoMuRs 1-800-452-9292 Brazoria, Chambers, ZIP ZONE COASTAL n Galveston Harris 4145 n4225 77465s n5345 77541 ' ' 77560 77661 177664 77603 77677s and Matagorda n623 ZIP ZONEA H1+ 1, n05as 77510 71514s 17510 7753U a urricane Evacuation 77563 n565 n560 nSl3 n596 L'c� .end Zip-Zones 77500 7752, 21P ZONE 9 Coastal,A, B, C 77053n 77L159 77n62 7741411 77422n 77465n 77A7 77511 77514n 77515 77517 77520 7723 77531 77534 7755n 77545s 7155o 77555 77571 77577n 775P7 77599 77665 Route Designation j 21P ZONE C T Evacuation Corridors 77011 77012 770 nm n nM 77015 77ou a s2s sa4 no4s noel '- Evacuation Connections 77075 77o37 77089 77430 77444 775 naafi 77502 75 775 Revision Date'March 29,2023 n m. Other Roads 505 o5 n5s5 n n 5z1 530 3o n535 3a Expiration Date:December 31,2023 77536 77M7 77552 17WS 77501 Map Created by. County Boundary 77553 77584 77597 Houston-Galveston Area Council some Ap maes ere spl mro man 1nl ena sawn�sl Nr eveaistun purposes Disaster Guide 2023 7 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 295 c IF YOU HAVE YOUR OWN TRANSPORTATION Evacuating Pets Evacuating Livestock V All food and medication must be provided by owner. Where to GO? If you have questions,please contact your local emergency manager(pages 18-20). If you have friends or family who have a place to board your Livestock,that is your best option.Public Shelters are •As a general rule,pets will be sheltered separately temporary,lasting maybe a few days.The state designated with the exception of service animals that must stay Location can accommodate high value livestock,horses, with their owners. show animals,youth animal projects,etc. •If you are evacuating to a hotel,ask about pet policies that might exist.Not all facilities accept When evacuating livestock out of the county,contact animals. Agrilife Extension(979) 864-1558 for livestock •All animals must be housed in a sturdy plastic or information and designated shelter locations.Livestock metal cage. evacuation shelters provide ONLY shelter and water.Feed •ALL food/medication must be provided by owner, and hay are the owner's responsibility. Important pet supplies: ❑ Medications ❑ Food and water ❑ Non-tip food and water containers ❑ Leash/collar,harness,and carrier ❑ Records of vaccinations �; f ❑ ti,und,,tnitizer ❑ Wasre disposal bags ❑ Training pads ❑ Towel or blanket I l Brazoria County Livestock Evacuation Information: ,�- Contact the Brazoria County AgriLife Extension Office at 979-864-1558 8 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 296 t ti IF YOU HAVE YOUR OWN TRANSPORTATION What to Expect in an Emergency Shelter `. When disasters occur,the county or state may provide a safe refuge in temporary emergency shelters.These �. shelters can be located in schools, churches, office ' buildings or other facilities.General population shelters are stocked with basic need essentials, such as food, water,and a warm place to sleep.Keep in mind,a shelter will not be able to provide the same level of comforts of home or ahotel.Shelters can be noisy,crowded,boring, short-staffed,and is not secure for personal items.If you are able,staying with friends or relatives is a better choice.Items to Bring to an Emergency Shelter: •Bring identification. •Important/insurance papers. •BringbLankets/sleeping bags,pillows. ` •Bring baby supplies—food,diapers,formula, medication,etc. •Bring cards/games/books to pass the hours. •Flashlights with extra batteries. •Cell phone and charger. •Important phone numbers,i.e.family members, Don't forget your animals supplies doctor,etc. and necessities! •Prescription and emergency medication in original containers. •Medical equipment,i.e.oxygen/wheelchair. •Extra clothing. •Specialty snacks and juices for dietary needs. •Hygiene supplies. •Shower Shoes. •Basic snacks. •Folding chairs. •Other comfort items as needed. •Pets ONLY in carriers. •Pet Leashes,food bowls. •Pet health records. •No alcohol,or illegal drugs are allowed in public shelters. •Padlocks for securing items. Photo provided by ASPCA Disaster Guide 2023 9 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 297 S,,T,,E,,A,,R,, REGISTRY State of Texas Emergency Assistance Registry If you need a ride to safety, during any emergency register with STEAK today! r GIST This service is for people who cannot drive themselves and �;;A/ r 1 -NOW have no other transportation during an emergency event. f .T��I 14 + •I t Please register by dialing 2-1-1 or visit: Via : http://stear.tdem.texas.gov Evacuation HUBS in Brazoria County and .. Sugar Land (".)_� ,.. - y -"}• R+chmond � � 1� w, Rosenberg @ �Grea[woo Pearland d 0. eague City Beasley Pieak S+enna j = Planlatlon - Manvel Fa+rchilds — s Alv+n AI o Needv Ile a, Sandy Poinl Hillcrest g a Santa Fe Guy Rush—,, \� Hnchcock Bonney O L+verpccl linglaga , OanUury �� Holiday "Jamaica rDanc+ger Angleton BraZoria West �. O Baileys Praise 2 National f" t Coium6'a Wddllfe Refuge Rich—d a Lake Jackson 1 1 1 1 Freeport 1 1 9.. Justin Hurst Ruirtdna Z � 1 Wiltlhfe�y��rt 11 1 Bernard Managenient Area 3` � � r 1 ahunal �>.:" ` lildlife 'J- 10 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 298 Niip IF YOU + RIDE OUT OF • Evacuation HUB What should I bring with me? Transportation Information 'Medications for at least io days. •Driver's license or state issued picture ID. •Sleeping pads or air mattresses. •Blankets or a sleeping bag for each person. •Robe&shower shoes with toiletries. •Books,cards,games and QUIET toys for children. •Snacks. •Five days worth of clothing. •No more than two pieces of luggage and one carry- on bag per person. •NO Alcoholic beverages,or illegal drugs are allowed in HUBs or on buses. -_ Will my pet ride with me? •HUB Coordinators havefinal say overall pet transports. •As a general rule,pets will be transported with the WV owner.However,if a situation dictates,they may be transported in a separate vehicle. Re-isicr With STEAK Learn More About I %11 111 the State of Texas Emergency 1\%S Assistance Registry HERE gaSlsS r��` kN ' — ce fiHcatirle� Public transportation and animal evacuations •Only non-aggressive household pets will be permitted.No reptiles or farm animals. •Up to two pets per household will be allowed on the bus.If you feel you MUST take more than two pets,please contact your city's local emergency manager BEFORE an evacuation is called. •All animals MUST be transported and housed in a sturdy plastic or metal cage/transport device.No cardboard or partly enclosed devices will be allowed. •Animals must remain secured in the travel device at ALL TIMES while on the bus and at the HUB. •Pets must have current rabies shot records. •Owners are responsible for supplying food,water,and medication for their animals. •We are not liable for any losses or injuries to your animals while being evacuated. Disaster Guide 2023 11 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 299 - •._z.. 1 1 1 • , Severe Weather Know the Difference Thunderstorms Weather hazard is occuring, A thunderstorm is contains lightning calsedbl7'.trlsJable �r imminent or likely.Poses a atmospheric conditions.Thunderstorms ina%o.r.0 by Warning threat to life/property.Take themselves,in clusters,or inlines.So,it is possible tot Protective Action. several thunderstorms to affect one location in the coarse Risk of weather hazard in of a fewhours. Watch t C 1h the near future.Could pose a V V threat to life/property.Have a Plan of Action. Severe thunderstorm can bring heavy rains,strong winds,hail,lightning,and tornadoes.To protect yourself weather hazard is occurring, imminent,or likely. in a severe thunderstorm,get inside a sturdy building Advisory Could cause significant away from windows and stay tuned to a battery-operated inconvenience.Use Caution. radio for weather information. Flooding • " Floods are the most common natural disaster in the 1 1 United States. Failing to evacuate flooded areas or entering flood waters can lead to injury or death. If you are under a flood warning: •Find safe shelter right away. •Do not walk,swim or drive through flood waters— Turn Around,Don't Drown! •Six inches of moving water can knock you down, and one foot of moving water can sweep your • vehicle away. •Stay off bridges over fast-moving water. • Depending on the type of flooding: •Evacuate if told to do so. •Move to higher ground or a higher floor. • Stay where you are. ION Visit www.ready.govffloods for more information. 12 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 300 c" ALL ► ► RD INFORMATIO After a Hazardous Materials Incident Hazardous materials can include flammable and combustible substances,poisons,and radioactive or � - explosive materials. Emergencies can happen at any time where you live,work or play.You are at risk when hazardous materials are released in harmful amounts. If you are within an area where hazardous materials are released,move to a safe location immediately,preferably —' upwind from the release,and notify emergency personnel. 7, During ahazardous material emergency: •Act quickly and move to a safe area upwind if possible. •Go inside your home,vehicle or building. •Notify emergency personnel about the hazardous •Close all windows and doors. material. •Turn off furnace,cooking appliances and air •Follow specific instructions from local authorities or conditioners. emergency personnel. Remember: If you are within the release area and asked to shelter in •Act quickly. place,follow specific instructions from local authorities •Notify emergency personnel. and emergency personnel.You might be instructed to do •Follow all specific safety instructions. the following: FACTS r� Brazosport CAERwas the first industrial alert program of its kind in the nation. The CAER ALERT SYSTEM consists of 15 strategically placed sirens in the Brazosport area that are tested each Monday E D at 12:10 pm for 45 seconds. CAER sirens can be heard fora one-mile radius.They stand �.... 50-feet high and are radio controlled. i I CAER operates a 24-hour telephone alert system called -W j y Code RED Mobile Alert.This system is geo-aware and sends alerts to registered phones in affected areas in the event of an industrial emergency. Download the app or go to brazosportcaeccom to register. The community can call 979 238-CAER(2237) with s questions. i 979.238.CAER (2237) 013PORTCAER Disaster Guide 2023 13 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 301 HAZAiO*Oto ✓M Downed Power Lines .t + t Always assume that a fallen power line is live, and follow these guidelines: '^' ` •Call 9-1-1 immediately to report a fallen power line. " 7. # •Avoid touching the downed line with your hand or an object,such as a stick,broom or pole. Look Up And Live! •Avoid driving over a fallen power line. •Keep children and pets away from fallen electric lines. *Stay 10 feet away from Power lines* IF CAUGHT IN A RIP CURRENT IP CUR�E-� IT ♦ Relax,ripcurrents don't pull you under. IIS Know your options ♦ Don't swim against the current. - ---- ♦ Swim out of the current,then to shore. ♦ If you can't escape,float or tread water. -• ♦ If you need help,yell or wave for assistance. a 7no.w Mare information about rip currents can be found at the following websiles: to swim. weather.gov,'safetylripcurren alone.don't go out.AM a lifeguard. *" Rip currents are powerful currents of water moving away from shore. They can sweep even the strongest swimmer away from shore. If at all possible,swim near a lifeguard. UU At Practice HEAT S� 41 Where7,, You Job Sites Indoors ver i D Stay hydrated and Check up on the take breaks in the shade elderly,sick and those as often as possible. without AC. gal�i nr�:oi it a_�_�, ��f�^)»t�.,:,".,; ; i •� '7 p Vehicles Outdoors Never leave kids or Limit strenuous outdoor pets unattended activities,find shade, • • LOOK hefc'rt,�inu I OCK and stay hydrated. 14 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 302 c VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES AMATEUR RADIO HOW CAN I HELP? --- �'� BRAZORIA COUNTY CITIZEN CORPS }. ! NEEDS YOU! -,� In large emergencies,first responders can be quickly overwhelmed.Citizens on scene may need to take action to help save lives. Citizen Corps will train you to prepare yourself,your When your family's lives may be at risk... family,and your neighbors for disasters. What communication system do YOU want to have? The Brazoria County Citizen Corps has several key Amateur Radio Emergency Service missions: Make friends and enjoy the challenge! •Initial Neighborhood Response. •Get your Ham Radio License. •Staff Evacuation Hubs for an evacuation. •Practice with on-the-air"nets"or networks. •Help staff Emergency Management Call Center. •Participate in public events. •Staff shelters during disasters. •Volunteer and help others! •And MUCH MORE! •Communication for disaster preparedness. •Getting the message through for your friends ALL TRAINING IS FREE! and your family. Positions for everyone Great for groups and organizations!Sign up today! Website:www.brazoriacountyares.org Contact:info@brazoriacountyares.org See our calendar at: www.homelandpreparedness.org pS6YR •a.".""'b �.► R'q• or contact Homeland Preparedness Project at: info@homelandpreparedness.org °�rcv Or call 281-844-3653. If you are intersted in volunteering and/or Storm Spotter Program supporting The National Weather Service or drop by Avenue TX issues forecasts and warnings for the protection of life and property. Severe weather reports from weather spotters are critical for the issuance of accurate and timely �� warnings and thus contribute to public safety.Each year the NWS slit r" r offers numerous weather spotter training sessions. i' Spotters are trained at how to report hazards such as hail, damaging winds,funnel clouds,tornadoes and flooding and how to identify cloud formations that indicate severe thunderstorms.The training is free, runs about two hours and is great for anyone who is interested in weather and wants to provide information directly to r the National Weather Service.For more information on this program and to register for a course in your area visit www.weather.gov/SKYWARN. Disaster Guide 2023 15 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 303 ,d %) Saftey Tips for Your Return Mill Just as you had a plan to evacuate, you will want to be prepared to return home after officials give the all clear. •plan for delays when traveling.Bring extra food, •Find out if it is safe to enter your community or water,pillows,blankets and other items.Keep the neighborhood.Follow advice of local authorities. fuel tank of your vehicle as full as possible. •Check city and/or county websites. •Carry a road map to help you route. •Reliable social media sites.Ex.Brazoria County .Understand that recovery takes time.Focus on the Facebook,Instagram,and Twitter. positive and have patience. •Have cash with you.ATM's may not work and stores may not be able to accept credit or debit cards. •If possible,leave children and pets with a relative or •Bring supplies such as flashlights,batteries,bottled friend.If not,keep them away from hazards and water and nonperishable foods in case utilities are out. floodwater. •Create back-up communication plans with family and •Beware of rodents,snakes,insects and other animals friends in case you are unable to call from affected area. that may be on your property or in your home. Items to bring when returning home ❑Government-issued photo ID and proof of address ❑Long sleeved shirts,long pants,sturdy waterproof ❑Important phone numbers boots and works gloves ❑Bottled water and non-perishable foods ❑Flashlight,portable radio and extra batteries ❑First aid kits ❑Cameras for photos of damage for insurance claims ❑Cleanser/hand cleaning gel for personal use ❑Tarp(s)to cover roof damage and control leaks ❑Hygiene products and toilet paper ❑Insect repellent and sunscreen WATER Portable Generator Safety WELL TESTING AFTER A FLOOD when power has not been restored many people turn to generators for temporary power.Before using a portable floodWater wells that are inundated with generator know the risks to insure safe and proper use. contaminatedwater may be •Always keep generators at least 15 feet from your which can make you sources ofbacteriahome and not in any closed or covered area. may include a septic system and fecal matter •Always plug electrical appliances directly into the 'm wildlife and domestic generator using the manufacturer's supplied cords contaminantsAdditionally,chemical or extension cords that are grounded(3-pronged). enter a well making the water unsafe to drink. •Inspect the cords to make sure they are fully intact Well water can be tested at the Brazoria and not damaged. County Water Lab located at 409 East Orange, •Do not overload a generator. Angleton, •Make sure a generator is properly grounded. •Keep a generator dry. •Never refuel a generator while it is still on or hot. 16 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 304 ,d %) RETURNING What to do after a flood Returning home after a flood can be dangerous and Turn Around. Don't Drown! difficult.Use caution when entering a disaster area,and be ready to deal with the conditions at hand. I •Return home only when authorities say it is safe. •Be aware of areas where floodwaters have receded and watch out for debris,snakes,fire ants, " 1� I�I�I i alligators,etc. •Flood waters often erode roads and walkways. •Do not wade through flood waters. •Do not attempt to drive through areas that are still flooded. •Avoid standing water as it may be electrically charged from underground or downed power lines. •Photograph damage to your property for insurance purposes. www.ready.gov/floods • • • • DEBRIS SEPARATION Separate debris Into the sbc categories shown below. DO NOT STACK OR LEAN Placing debris near or on trees,poles,or other structures makes l removal difficult.This Includes fire hydrants and meters. i UNSURE WHERETO PLACE DEBRIS? • If you don't have a sidewalk,ditch,or utility line In front of your house,place debris at the edge of your property before the curb. aea ILt» +�,' HVVSEHVLU .:. .�•' 1 " I "•"' HAZARDOUS WASTE r ELECTRONICS Cleaning supplies CMa, t._APPLIANCES Radio,C—P an �Batteries LJ s '� 5., J M WHITE GOODS Radios Lawn chenJrnls WHITE GOODS $tlROi Oils I ... Air condtionan I ,r I Ef IN Dishwasher Televisions Oil-baand't ed palls -,d desires witha ersdstains VEGETATIVE DEBRIS •Building matnWs .FrK�s rd Pesticide, IIEi� leases Ido not put in Carpet Refrigerators Normal Household bags) Drywall st— Trash Logs Furniture Washemdrme Normalhouschold Plants Lumber Water hasten t a h and bagged -T—b—hes Mattresses debris of arty kind will plumbing not be prised up vast h _ disaster debris.You should continue to , - follow Your normal garbage mrnoval s�h•'•iul� y, For more information: brazoriacountytx.gov Disaster Guide 2023 17 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 305 c COMMUNICATION AND • CONTACT INFORMATION 0.; brazoriacountytx.gov © @BrazoriaCounty Facebookcom/BrazoriaCo Search for"Brazoria County �i @BrazoriaCounty O BrazoriaCounty g'«' EmergencyMgmt"App.Available 0 on the App Store or Google Play. e OF z Brazoria County Angleton 1113 Emergency Management ti Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-849-2383 pio@brazoriacountytx.gov OFBRr City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-849-4364 24 Hour Hotline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-864-1o64 City Manager's Office . . . . . . . . . . . 979-849-4364 979-388-io64 Mayor's Office. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-849-4364 281-756-1o64 Fire. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-849-1265 www.brazoriacountM.gov ' ' ' ' . ' www.angleton.tx.us CAER _ _ Bailey's Prairie 979-238-CAER(2237) Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-849-0134 www.brazosportcaer.com Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-849-0134 Village Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-849-0134 United Way of www.baileysprairie.org Brazoria County _ Bonney 979-849-9402 Emergency Manager/Mayor. . . . . . . .281-595-2269 www.uwbc.org City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-595-2269 www.bonneytexas.gov -salvation y on Arm l ------------t Brazoria 91 Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . 979-798-2489 City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-798-2489 Alvin 11© City Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-798-2489 24 hr.Emergency Info.Line. . . . . . . .979-798-9131 Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .281-388-4363 www.cityofbrazoria.org City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-388-4200 Public Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-388-4325 City Manager's Office . . . . . . . . . . . .281-388-4230 Brookside Village 91 Mayor's Office. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-388-4275 Emergency Management. . . . . . . . . .281-485-3048 Cable Access Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Channel16 Police Chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-485-4844 RADIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KACC 89.7 FM Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-485-3048 www.alvin-tx.gov City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-485-3048 www.brooksidevillage-tx.org 18 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 306 c Clute 9113 Jones Creek In Emergency Management. . . . . . . . . .979-265-9653 Marshal/Emergencyr. . . . . . . . . . Mgr 979-292-6393 Police Department 24 Hr Info. . . . . . .979-265-6194 Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-2700 Clute City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-265-2541 Fire Chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-201-3594 City Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-265-2541 City Admin.. .979-233-2700 https:/Iclutetexas.gov Marshal's Dept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-3091 City Hall. . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-1826 Danbury www.villageofjonescreektexas.com Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . 979-264-9482 © a Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-264-9482 Lake Jackson KI City Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-922-1551 ext.5 Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-415-2500 City Hall/Police Dept. . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-922-1551 City Halt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-415-2400 Utility Dept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-549-3129 Police Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-415-2700 Fire Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-922-1176 Cable Access Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Channel lb Police Dispatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-964-2392 www.lakejackson-tx.gov Freeport In Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-233-2111 Liverpool in City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-3526 Emergency Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . 281-581-2342 Police . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-239-1211 Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281-581-2342 www.freeporttxus CitySecrets 281- 81-2 2 Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 34 Police Chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281-581-2233 ww.cityoftive rpooltexas.com Hillcrest � w City Office Not Open Following An Emergency Manuel M Monday-Friday 8 AM-5 PM ..........281-756-0577 Emergency Management. . . . . . . . . .832-602-9958 Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-489-o630 City Manager/EMC. . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-489-0630 Mayor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-748-7149 Police Chief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281-489-1212 City Marshal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 832-221-5961 Fire Marshal/DeputyEMC . . . . . . . . .281-489-0630 Fire Chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-692-0279 Holiday Lakes EMS Director. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-489-6144 www.cityofmanvel.com Mon Wed Thurs&Fri 1-5 PM,Tues 1-7 PM Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979.849A136 Police Chief. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .979-849-3163 Oyster Creek City Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-849-1136 Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-8481 www.holidaylakestExas.com Police Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-8481 City Administrator. . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-213-0243 Iowa Colon Mayor/City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-0243 y Fire Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-8481 Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .281-369-3444 www.cityofoystercreek.org City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-369-2471 Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-369-2471 City Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-369-2471 Police Chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-369-3444 www.iowacolonytx.gov it III Disaster Guide 2023 19 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 307 0 Pearland " on Other Useful Numbers Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . ..281-997-4648 City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-652-t600 School Districts and Colleges Mayor's Office. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-652-1654 City Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-652-1663 Alvin ISD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281-388-1130 Police Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-997-4100 www.alvinisd.net Cable Access Channel . . . . . . .Channel16/99 UVerse Angleton ISD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-864-8000 www.pearlandtx.gov www.angletonisd.net Brazosport ISD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-730-7000 Quintana www.brazosportisd.net Mon.-Fri.8 AM-430 PM. . . . . . . . .979-233-0848 Columbia-Brazoria ISD. . . . . . . . . . 979-799-1700 Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-46og www.cbisd.com Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-373-7255 Damon ISD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-742-3457 Water Emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-4281 www.damonisd.net www.quintanatx.org Danbury ISD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-922-1218 www.danburyisd.org Pearland ISD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281-485-3203 Richwood 91 © www.pearlandisd.org Mayor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-265-2082 Sweeny ISD- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .979-491-8000 City Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-265-2082 www.sweenyisd.org Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-265-8157 Alvin Community College. . . . . . . . . .281-756-3500 City Hall- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -979-265-2082 www.alvincollege.edu www.richwoodtx.gov Brazosport College. . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-230-3000 www.brazosport.edu Surfside U of H-Pearland Campus . . . . . . . . . 281-212-1700 www,uhcl.edu/pearland Police Chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-233-1531 ext log Emergency Coordinator. . . . . . . . . . . 979-239-1151 City Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-233-1531 Hospitals Fire Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-233-5926 www.surfsidetx.org UTMB Health Angleton Campus. ..... 979-849-7721 132 E.Hospital Drive Angleton,TX 77515 Sweeny In CHI St.Luke's Brazosport Medical Ctr..979-297-4411 too Medical Drive Lake Jackson,TX 77566 Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . .979-482-4617 Manager/Asst.EMC . . . . . . . . Sweeny Community Hospital. . . . . . . . 979-548-33ll City . .979-548-3321 305 N.McKinney St Sweeny,TX 77480 EOC(Only open during Emergency Situations). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-548-4541 Memorial Hermann Pearland. . .. . . ..713-413-5000 Information Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-548-3330 16ioo South Freeway Pearland,TX 77584 After Hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-548-3111 Pearland Medical Center. . . . . . . . . . 713-770-7000 www.sweenytx.gov Moo Shadow Creek Parkway Pearland,TX 77584 West Columbia 1113 Emergency Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-345-5121 v City Mgr./Emergency Mgr.. . . . . . . . . 979-345-3123 �� ■■ i City Hall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-345-3123 ■■ M, EOC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-345-1900 Police Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979-345-5121 CEMS Director. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-345-2390 " Fire Chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .979-345-3416 www.westcolumbiatx.org 20 Disaster Guide 2023 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 308 c Disaster Guide 2023 21 City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 309 J o ATLANTIC HURRICANE NAMES FOR2023 Arlene Don Ge�i Joy Margot Phillipe Tammy Bret Emily Harold Katia Nigel Rina Vince Cindy Franklin Idalia Lee Ophelia Sean Whitney BLOW � Q W-- aLacol0 Q � S [�� po S ........... ATURDAY , DUNE 17, 2023 BRAZORIA COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS 901 S . DOWNING , ANG:LETON 0 00 o oo �; o Presentations Topics On: . .• FOR PETS HURRICANE SEASON MMMr � Free Admission Emergency Preparedness;j Free Hot Dogsas Exhibitors Booths *Whil�S.ppli—L..t* and Parking Emergency Vehicle Door Prizes& Goody Bags THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS City of Pearland, Texas: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 310 .. OQt♦PINA CE,O i HE co��n;Niiv:��tkr.�.axr�nu,i� � ei,ri>rsr. "°roft�ncov Expo Provided By: � City of Alvin City of Angleton City of Lake Jackson City of Clute Velasco Drainage District Homeland Preparedness Project Brazoria County Office of Emergency Management